금동탑 (국보 제213호)

금동탑
(金銅塔)
(Gilt-bronze Miniature Pagoda)
대한민국의 기 대한민국국보
종목국보 (구)제213호
(1984년 8월 6일 지정)
수량1점
시대고려시대
소유삼성문화재단
위치
주소서울특별시 용산구 이태원로 55길 60-16
삼성미술관 리움
좌표북위 37° 32′ 17″ 동경 126° 59′ 51″ / 북위 37.53806° 동경 126.99750°  / 37.53806; 126.99750
정보국가유산청 국가유산포털 정보

금동탑(金銅塔)은 서울특별시 용산구, 삼성미술관 리움에 있는 고려시대의 불교공예품이다. 1984년 8월 6일 대한민국의 국보 제213호로 지정되었다.

개요

금동탑이나 청동탑은 절의 중심적인 존재라기보다 건물 안에 모셔두기 위해 만든 것이므로, 일반적인 탑이라기보다 하나의 공예품, 혹은 공예탑으로 볼 수 있다. 지금까지 알려진 금동탑은 대개 높이가 20∼30cm 정도이고, 50cm가 넘는 것이 극히 드문데, 이 탑은 현재 높이만도 155cm로 규모가 큰 편이다. 더구나 현재 남아있는 탑신은 5층이지만 원래는 7층 정도였을 것으로 보이고, 머리장식의 일부가 사라진 것으로 보아 원래 높이는 지금보다도 더 높았을 듯하다.

2층의 기단(基壇) 위에 5층의 탑신(塔身)을 세우고 꼭대기에 머리장식을 꾸민 탑으로, 석탑의 일반형을 그대로 따르고 있다. 기단에는 네 모서리와 각 면에 목조건축에서 볼 수 있는 기둥모양을 가지런히 새겨두었다. 아래층 기단의 각 면에는 둥근 테를 두른 연꽃잎이 새겨져 있는데, 이는 고려시대 석탑양식의 특징을 뚜렷이 보여주는 부분이다.

기단 위에 난간을 두르고 탑신을 세웠으며, 1층 탑신에 출입문과 기둥을 두고 그 위에 지붕을 얹는 등 목조건축의 양식을 그대로 따르고 있다. 2∼5층의 탑신에는 모두 불상을 새겼는데 수법이 그리 뛰어나지는 못하다. 지붕의 모서리마다 방울을 달았던 듯하지만, 현재는 몇 군데에만 매달려 있는 상태이다.

표면의 금칠은 거의 벗겨져 남아있지 않지만 전체적으로 보존이 잘 된 작품으로, 넓게 짜여진 기단에 비해 탑신은 경쾌하게 날아오르는 듯하다. 각 부분에 꾸밈이 많은 점이나, 탑에 매달린 장식들이 많은 점 등에서 공예탑의 성격이 분명히 드러나면서도 석탑의 형식을 충실히 따르고 있다.

특이한 형태의 탑이 많이 만들어졌던 고려 전기에 제작된 것으로 추측된다.

소유권 분쟁

리움미술관과 개태사는 금동탑의 소유권을 놓고 법정 소송을 진행했다.[1]

참고 자료

  • 금동탑 - 국가유산청 국가유산포털
  1. 이대희 (2010년 2월 16일). “삼성리움-개태사 '금동대탑' 소유권 놓고 법정 다툼”. 《프레시안》. 

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