アンドロメダ座カッパ星

アンドロメダ座κ星
κ Andromedae
星座 アンドロメダ座
見かけの等級 (mv) 4.138[1]
位置
元期:J2000.0
赤経 (RA, α)  23h 40m 24.50763s[2]
赤緯 (Dec, δ) +44° 20′ 02.1566″[2]
視線速度 (Rv) -12.7 km/s[2]
固有運動 (μ) 赤経: 80.73 ミリ秒/[2]
赤緯: -18.70 ミリ秒/年[2]
年周視差 (π) 19.37 ± 0.19ミリ秒[2]
(誤差1%)
距離 168 ± 2 光年[注 1]
(51.6 ± 0.5 パーセク[注 1]
絶対等級 (MV) 0.547[3]
アンドロメダ座κ星の位置(丸)
物理的性質
半径 2.29 ± 0.06 R[3]
質量 2.6 ± 0.2 M[4]
表面重力 6.1 G[4][注 2]
自転速度 176 km/s[5]
スペクトル分類 B9 IVn[6]
光度 67.6 L[4]
表面温度 11,200 K[7]
色指数 (B-V) -0.067[1]
色指数 (U-B) -0.221[1]
金属量[Fe/H] -0.36[4]
年齢 3.0 +12.0
−1.0
×107[8][4]
他のカタログでの名称
アンドロメダ座19番星, BD+43 4522, FK5 1619, HD 222439, HIP 116805, HR 8976, SAO 53264
Template (ノート 解説) ■Project

アンドロメダ座κ星(κ Andromedae、κ And)は、アンドロメダ座にある明るい恒星である。視等級は4.1、ボートル・スケールの基準では、郊外と都市部の間なら肉眼で観察可能だが、都市部の中では難しい。年周視差は、ヒッパルコスによって精度良く測られており、それに基づく地球からの距離は、約168光年である[2]

特徴

アンドロメダ座κ星は、スペクトル型がB9 IVnの準巨星で、主系列星から少し進化が進んだ段階とみられる[6]半径太陽の2.3倍で、176km/sの速さで高速で自転している[3][5]。恒星の光球面は、11,200Kの表面温度でエネルギーを放射し、青白い色をしている[7]

アンドロメダ座κ星は、はと座アソシエーションの一員と考えられている[8]

名称

中国語

中国では、飛行する蛇神を意味する螣蛇拼音: Téng Shé タンサ)という星官が、アンドロメダ座κ星、とかげ座α星とかげ座4番星はくちょう座π2はくちょう座π1HD 206267Aケフェウス座ε星とかげ座β星カシオペヤ座σ星カシオペヤ座ρ星カシオペヤ座τ星カシオペヤ座AR星英語版とかげ座9番星アンドロメダ座3番星アンドロメダ座7番星アンドロメダ座8番星アンドロメダ座λ星アンドロメダ座ι星アンドロメダ座ψ星から形づくられている。アンドロメダ座κ星自身は、螣蛇二十一拼音: Téng Shé èrshíyī)、つまり騰蛇の21番星と呼ばれている[9]

アンドロメダ座κ星b

すばる望遠鏡系外惑星・円盤探査プロジェクト SEEDSによって発見されたアンドロメダ座κ星bの想像図。出典: NASA GSFC / S. Wiessinger[10]

2012年11月、若く高温の木星型惑星とみられる天体アンドロメダ座κ星bが、すばる望遠鏡での直接撮像によってアンドロメダ座κ星の周りに見つかった。この天体の質量木星の約13倍、大きさは木星より少し大きく、画像上の離角を実際の母星からの距離に換算すると、55AUとなる[8]。複数の波長での観測から、惑星表面の温度は1,700K、年齢はおよそ3000万 年と推定される[8]

2013年9月に公表された分光観測に基づく別の分析では、アンドロメダ座κ星bの質量は木星の50倍、年齢は2.2億年とされた。この数値だと、伴天体は惑星ではなくL1型の褐色矮星となる[3]。伴天体は、形成時の高温の名残で輝き、時間とともに冷却されている。その結果、年齢が古ければ、同じ明るさに至るための質量(及び初期のエネルギー供給量)は大きく推定される。温度は、2,040Kと見積もられた[3]

その後、2016年干渉法に基づく分析では、視線速度光度扁平度からアンドロメダ座κ星の年齢を計算したところ、年齢が4700万年、伴天体の質量が木星の22倍となった[7]

アンドロメダ座κ星の惑星[4]
名称
(恒星に近い順)
質量 軌道長半径
天文単位
公転周期
()
軌道離心率 軌道傾斜角 半径
b 13.616 +23.042
−1.047
 MJ
55 ± 2

脚注

注釈

  1. ^ a b パーセクは1 ÷ 年周視差(秒)より計算、光年は1÷年周視差(秒)×3.2615638より計算
  2. ^ 出典での表記は、

出典

  1. ^ a b c Mermilliod, J. C. (1997-09), “Homogeneous Means in the UBV System”, VizieR On-line Data Catalog: II/168, Bibcode1997yCat.2168....0M 
  2. ^ a b c d e f g kap And -- Star”. SIMBAD. CDS. 2017年10月20日閲覧。
  3. ^ a b c d e Hinkley, Sasha; et al. (2013-12), “The κ Andromedae System: New Constraints on the Companion Mass, System Age, and Further Multiplicity”, Astrophysical Journal 779 (2): 153, arXiv:1309.3372, Bibcode2013ApJ...779..153H, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/779/2/153 
  4. ^ a b c d e f Bonnefoy, M.; et al. (2014-02), “Characterization of the gaseous companion κ Andromedae b. New Keck and LBTI high-contrast observations”, Astronomy & Astrophysics 562: A111, Bibcode2014A&A...562A.111B, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322119 
  5. ^ a b Royer, F.; Zorec, J.; Gómez, A. E. (2007-02), “Rotational velocities of A-type stars. III. Velocity distributions”, Astronomy & Astrophysics 463 (2): 671-682, arXiv:astro-ph/0610785, Bibcode2007A&A...463..671R, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065224 
  6. ^ a b Garrison, R. F.; Gray, R. O. (1994-04), “The late B-type stars: Refined MK classification, confrontation with stromgren photometry, and the effects of rotation”, Astronomical Journal 107 (4): 1556-1564, Bibcode1994AJ....107.1556G, doi:10.1086/116967 
  7. ^ a b c Jones, Jeremy; et al. (201605), “The Age of the Directly Imaged Planet Host Star κ Andromedae Determined from Interferometric Observations”, Astrophysical Journal Letters 822 (1): L3, Bibcode2016ApJ...822L...3J, doi:10.3847/2041-8205/822/1/L3 
  8. ^ a b c d Carson, J.; et al. (2013-02), “Direct Imaging Discovery of a "Super-Jupiter" around the Late B-type Star κ And”, Astrophysical Journal Letters 763 (2): L32, arXiv:1211.3744, Bibcode2013ApJ...763L..32C, doi:10.1088/2041-8205/763/2/L32 
  9. ^ (中国語) 天文教育資訊網”. AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) (2006年7月7日). 2017年10月20日閲覧。
  10. ^ Astronomers Directly Image Massive Star's 'Super-Jupiter'”. NASA (2012年11月19日). 2017年10月20日閲覧。

関連項目

外部リンク

座標: 星図 23h 40m 24.50763s, +44° 20′ 02.1566″

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