水運（すいうん、英: water transport[1]、あるいはshippingとも。）とは、水面を利用した運送のこと。水面を利用した人の運送（人の移動）や貨物の輸送のこと。別の角度から言うと、船舶類を利用した運送のこと。
河川、湖沼、運河の水面を利用した内陸水運と、海上（の水面）を利用した海運とがある[2]。ただし、狭義では、海運と区別して内陸水運を意味することがある。なお、内陸水運であっても、複数の国をまたがって航行する場合がある。
文明成立以前より、水運が行われてきた。遡れば紀元前2万年ころから人類は筏やカヌーの類を用いて川や湖を移動した、とも言われている。
（地中海地域に眼を向けると）古代エジプト人は、紀元前1500年ころには海上用の船を使っていた[3]。フェニキア人、クレタ人、古代ギリシア人、古代ローマ人たちも水運を利用し、それに依存していた[3]。
アジアに目を向けると、中国では、すでに紀元前4世紀ころまでには、内陸水運を用いて大都市間で食糧の運送が開始されており[3]、その後大運河（京杭大運河）の本格的な建設も行われ、それにより本格的に内陸水運が一層推進され、6世紀にはそれが完成した。中国では西暦200年ころには複数のマスト（帆柱）を立てた船舶で海運を行っていた[3]。
日本は島の集まり（列島）であるが、それぞれの島は山がちの地形となっており山地や山脈によって分断されているというより、「島々を占める多くの山地の間に わずかな平地がある」と表現したほうが良いような国である。
古墳時代、飛鳥、奈良時代など、当時の技術や経済力で山地で路を作ることはきわめて困難で、広域をしっかりと結ぶ路の整備はできなかった。たとえ山地に路が作られた場合でも、細い山道であり、せいぜい人が1（〜2）名程度が歩ける程度の幅しか無く「すれ違い」も困難、まともな舗装も無く、急勾配であり広域の物の運送には陸上運送はほとんど使えなかった。しかし、日本列島は海に囲まれ、内陸奥深くまで中小規模の河川や湖沼が入り組んでいたことから水運が活用され、運送全体としては陸運よりも沿海部を含めた中小規模の水運のほうが主力となった。
その後、江戸時代においても水運が重要視され大阪や江戸の町にも水路がはりめぐらされ、北前船などに代表される廻船が活躍した。日本で陸上運送が水運に代わり主力となったのは、大正、昭和時代以降である。
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British conductor Charles Groves Sir Charles Barnard Groves CBE (10 March 1915 – 20 June 1992) was an English conductor. He was known for the breadth of his repertoire and for encouraging contemporary composers and young conductors. After accompanying positions and conducting various orchestras and studio work for the BBC, Groves spent a decade as conductor of the Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra. His best-known musical directorship was of the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra,…
PT Bank IBK Indonesia Tbk.JenisJasa keuanganKode emitenIDX: AGRSDidirikanJakarta, Indonesia (1973)KantorpusatWisma GKBI, Jakarta, IndonesiaTokohkunciPark Ju Yong (Presiden Direktur)IndukIndustrial Bank of KoreaSitus webibk.co.id Logo Bank Agris (2014-2019) PT Bank IBK Indonesia, Tbk. (sebelumnya bernama PT Bank Agris, Tbk., IDX: AGRS) adalah Perusahaan Perbankan yang berdiri sejak 1973 dan berkantor pusat di Jakarta. Bank ini berstatus bank devisa. Profil Perusahaan Bank IBK Indonesia didirikan …
Medieval and early-modern Catholic military order Order of Saint John redirects here. For other uses, see Order of Saint John (disambiguation). Hospitallers redirects here. For the Ukrainian volunteers, see Hospitallers Medical Battalion. Knights Hospitaller of Saint John of Jerusalem Fraternitas Hospitalaria Flag of the OrderActivec. 1099–present[a]Allegiance The PopeTypeCatholic military orderHeadquarters Jerusalem Rhodes Birgu Valletta Nickname(s)The ReligionPatron Our Lady of…
Jugo de caña OrigenColor verde cartujo a amarillo verdosoProductos relacionados air tebu (en Indonesia)asab (en Egipto)betsa-betsa (en Madagascar)nước mía (en Vietnam)Mosto (en Paraguay)guarapo (en algunas zonas de Latinoamérica)ComposiciónTipo jugoBebida alcohólica base noMateria prima caña de azúcar[editar datos en Wikidata] El jugo de caña de azúcar es el líquido obtenido al prensar caña de azúcar (Saccharum officinarum). Se consume como bebida en muchos lugares, espe…
Đây là danh sách các nước và vùng lãnh thổ theo ngôn ngữ sử dụng, hay ngôn ngữ nói. Do tính phổ biến của các ngôn ngữ khác nhau, nên việc xếp mục lục không hẳn theo hệ thống phân loại ngôn ngữ.[1] Các ngôn ngữ trong Top 30 về số người nói trên thế giới được tô nền lục nhạt. Ngữ hệ Nam Á (Austroasiatic) Tiếng Nước Mức độ Tiếng Ba Na[2] Việt Nam thiểu số, 228 ngàn ở trung…
Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus. Cet article ne cite pas suffisamment ses sources (août 2023). Si vous disposez d'ouvrages ou d'articles de référence ou si vous connaissez des sites web de qualité traitant du thème abordé ici, merci de compléter l'article en donnant les références utiles à sa vérifiabilité et en les liant à la section « Notes et références » En pratique : Quelles sources sont attendues ? Comment…
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Este artigo não cita fontes confiáveis. Ajude a inserir referências. Conteúdo não verificável pode ser removido.—Encontre fontes: ABW • CAPES • Google (N • L • A) (Agosto de 2020) Associação de Cientistas Judeus Ortodoxos (Association of Orthodox Jewish Scientists - AOJS - em inglês) é uma organização fundada em 1948, dedicada à orientação da ciência, no âmbito da tradição judaica ortodoxa. Entre seus objetivos …
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Fencing – Men's épée at the 2015 SEA GamesVenueOCBC Arena Hall 2Date3 June 2015Competitors18 from 9 nationsMedalists Nguyễn Tiến Nhật Vietnam Lim Wei Wen Singapore Lee Mun Hou Samson Singapore Panthawit Chamcharern Thailand← 20112017 → Main article: Fencing at the 2015 SEA Games The men's épée competition of the fencing event at the 2015 SEA Games was held on 3 June 2015 at …
2004 film by Michael Mayer A Home at the End of the WorldTheatrical release posterDirected byMichael MayerScreenplay byMichael CunninghamBased onA Home at the End of the Worldby Michael CunninghamProduced by Tom Hulce Christine Vachon Katie Roumel Pamela Koffler John Wells John N. Hart Jr. Jeffrey Sharp Starring Colin Farrell Robin Wright Dallas Roberts Sissy Spacek CinematographyEnrique ChediakEdited by Lee Percy Andrew Marcus Music byDuncan SheikProductioncompanies Killer Films John Wells Prod…
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Consort Meng Arrives – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Chinese TV series or program Consort Meng ArrivesPromotional imageTraditional Chinese萌妃駕到Simplified Chinese萌…
Global meat production by region Meat supply per person The following article lists the world's largest producers of meat. Global meat production has increased rapidly over the past 50 years. According to Our World in Data, meat production has more than quadrupled since 1961, reaching around 357 million tonnes in 2021.[1] The most popular meat globally is poultry, followed by pork, beef and mutton. Over 90 billion animals are slaughtered each year for meat.[2] List Countries and …
The Judaica Foundation Centre For Jewish Culture, former Bne Emuna Prayerhouse, Kraków The Judaica Foundation is a foundation located at ul. Meiselsa 17 street in Kraków, Poland, dedicated to preserving the city's Jewish culture. It was created in 1991. The idea for the foundation was established already in the 1980s, influenced by the President of the Jewish community of Kraków. Committed to preserving the Jewish heritage in Kraków's old Jewish district of Kazimierz and to opening up a new …
Category of polymers, in which the monomers are joined together by ester links For the 1981 motion picture, see Polyester (film). Ester group (blue) which defines polyesters. Close-up of a polyester shirt SEM picture of a bend in a high-surface area polyester fiber with a seven-lobed cross section Polyester is a category of polymers that contain the ester functional group in every repeat unit of their main chain.[1] As a specific material, it most commonly refers to a type called polyeth…
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: List of Telugu films of 1983 – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Telugu cinema (Tollywood) 1930s 1940s 1941 1942 1943 19441945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1950s 1951 1952 1953 19541955 1956 1…
2007 compilation album by PepperTo Da Max - Mistakes and Outtakes (1997-2004)Compilation album by PepperReleasedMarch 20, 2007LabelVolcom EntertainmentPepper chronology No Shame(2006) To Da Max - Mistakes and Outtakes (1997-2004)(2007) Pink Crustaceans and Good Vibrations(2008) Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingAllmusicNot rated link To Da Max - Mistakes and Outtakes (1997-2004) is a compilation album by the band Pepper, composed of B-sides, demos, and live performances. Track…
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