正準集団(カノニカルアンサンブル)では、物質の量(N)、容積(V)、温度(T)が保存される。これは等温分子動力学(constant temperature molecular dynamics、CTMD)と呼ばれることもある。NVTでは、吸熱的過程と発熱的過程のエネルギーはサーモスタット(温度調整器)によって交換される。
Ab initio量子力学法は、トラジェクトリ中の配座について必要に応じてその場で系のポテンシャルエネルギーを計算するために使うことができる。この計算は反応座標の近傍で大抵行われる。様々な近似を使うことができるが、これらは経験的当て嵌めではなく理論的考察に基づいている。Ab-initio計算は、電子状態の密度やその他の電子的性質といった、経験的手法からは得ることのできない膨大な情報を与える。Ab-initio法を使用する大きな利点は、共有結合の切断あるいは形成を含む反応を調べる能力である。これらの現象は複数の電子状態に対応する。
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Holodomor Голодомор Vítima do Holodomor numa rua da cidade ucraniana de Carcóvia. Essa fotografia foi efectuada por Alexander Wienerberger, em 1932. Local: Ucrânia Soviética Período: 1932-1933 Vítimas: ucranianos Número de vítimas: entre 1,8 e 12 milhões Observações: Considerado genocídio por 16 países Considerado como um ato criminoso do regime stalinista por 6 países Considerada uma tragédia ou crime contra a humanidade por 5 organizações internacionais Nota: Ajud...
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