統計共重合体(statistical copolymers)は、モノマー残基が統計的規則に従って配列している。鎖の特定の位置に特定の種類のモノマー残基が存在する確率が、周囲のモノマー残基の種類に依存しないランダム共重合体は、真のランダム共重合体(truly random copolymer)と呼ばれることがある[42][43]。 たとえば、塩化ビニルと酢酸ビニルの連鎖成長共重合体はランダムである[39]。
結晶性(crystalline)という用語は、ポリマーに適用される場合、やや曖昧である。場合によっては、結晶性という用語は従来の結晶学と同じ使われ方をする。たとえば、X線結晶構造解析用に調製されたサンプルのような結晶性タンパク質やポリヌクレオチドの構造は、セル寸法が数百オングストローム以上の1つまたは複数のポリマー分子から構成される従来の単位セルの観点で定義されることがある。合成ポリマーは、(高分子ではなく)原子長スケールの三次元秩序を持つ領域を含む場合、大まかに結晶性と表現することができ、これらの領域は通常、隣接する鎖の分子内折りたたみや積み重なりから生じる。合成ポリマーは、結晶性領域と非晶質領域の両方から構成されることがある。その場合、結晶化度(degree of crystallinity)は、結晶性物質の重量分率または体積分率で表すことができる。完全に結晶性の合成ポリマーはほとんどない[47]。ポリマーの結晶性は結晶化度によって特徴付けられ、その範囲は、完全に非結晶性のポリマーを示す0から、理論的に完全に結晶性のポリマーを示す1まである。微結晶領域を持つポリマーは一般に、完全な非晶質ポリマーよりも強靭で(壊れることなく、より多く曲げることができる)、衝撃にも強くなる[48]。結晶化度が0または1に近いポリマーは透明になる傾向があり、結晶化度が中間のポリマーは結晶領域またはガラス領域による光散乱のために不透明になる傾向がある。多くのポリマーでは、結晶化度は透明度の低下とも関連している。
^Roiter, Y.; Minko, S. (2005). “AFM Single Molecule Experiments at the Solid-Liquid Interface: In Situ Conformation of Adsorbed Flexible Polyelectrolyte Chains”. Journal of the American Chemical Society127 (45): 15688–15689. doi:10.1021/ja0558239. PMID16277495.
^IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). オンライン版: (2006-) "polymer".
^Painter, Paul C.; Coleman, Michael M. (1997). Fundamentals of polymer science: an introductory text. Lancaster, Pa.: Technomic Pub. Co.. p. 1. ISBN978-1-56676-559-6
^McCrum, N. G.; Buckley, C. P.; Bucknall, C. B. (1997). Principles of polymer engineering. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press. p. 1. ISBN978-0-19-856526-0
^If two substances had molecular formulae such that one was an integer multiple of the other – e.g., acetylene (C2H2) and benzene (C6H6) – Berzelius called the multiple formula "polymeric". See: Jöns Jakob Berzelius (1833) "Isomerie, Unterscheidung von damit analogen Verhältnissen" (Isomeric, distinction from relations analogous to it), Jahres-Bericht über die Fortschitte der physischen Wissenschaften …, 12: 63–67. From page 64: "Um diese Art von Gleichheit in der Zusammensetzung, bei Ungleichheit in den Eigenschaften, bezeichnen zu können, möchte ich für diese Körper die Benennung polymerische (von πολυς mehrere) vorschlagen." (In order to be able to denote this type of similarity in composition [which is accompanied] by differences in properties, I would like to propose the designation "polymeric" (from πολυς, several) for these substances.) Originally published in 1832 in Swedish as: Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1832) "Isomeri, dess distinktion från dermed analoga förhållanden," Årsberättelse om Framstegen i Fysik och Kemi, pages 65–70; the word "polymeriska" appears on page 66.
^Allcock, Harry R.; Lampe, Frederick W.; Mark, James E. (2003). Contemporary Polymer Chemistry (3 ed.). Pearson Education. p. 21. ISBN978-0-13-065056-6
^Allcock, Harry R.; Lampe, Frederick W.; Mark, James E. (2003). Contemporary Polymer Chemistry (3 ed.). Pearson Education. p. 546. ISBN978-0-13-065056-6
^Iakovlev, V.; Guelcher, S.; Bendavid, R. (August 28, 2015). “Degradation of polypropylene in vivo: A microscopic analysis of meshes explanted from patients”. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials105 (2): 237–248. doi:10.1002/jbm.b.33502. PMID26315946.
^Hurley, Paul E. (May 1981). “History of Natural Rubber” (英語). Journal of Macromolecular Science: Part A - Chemistry15 (7): 1279–1287. doi:10.1080/00222338108056785. ISSN0022-233X.
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