Fossatum Africae

Fossatum Africae
limes africano
La provincia romana d'Africa e di Numidia dove si trovava il cosiddetto fossatum Africae o limes dell'Aurès.
Localizzazione
Stato attualeAlgeria (bandiera) Algeria Tunisia (bandiera) Tunisia
Informazioni generali
Tipostrada militare romana affiancata da fortezze legionarie, forti e fortini, burgi, ecc.
Costruzione46 a.C.-V secolo (Vandali)
Condizione attualenumerosi resti antichi rinvenuti in varie località.
InizioNumidia
FineAfrica proconsolare
Informazioni militari
UtilizzatoreImpero romano
Funzione strategicaprotezione frontiera meridionale dell'Impero romano
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Il fossatum Africae (o limes dell'Aurès) fu un tratto di limes africanus dell'Africa proconsolare, scoperto dall'archeologo francese Jean Baradez negli anni successivi alla fine della seconda guerra mondiale, la cui struttura era formata come per il limes germanico-retico, da un fossato, un vallum in muratura e tutta una serie di forti, fortini e torri di avvistamento.

Storia

Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: Limes romano.

Il fossatum Africae si componeva di diverse sezioni individuate dall'indagine archeologica aerea di Jean Baradez, in un paesaggio arido:

Sul terreno sono stati trovati i resti di un fosso la cui larghezza varia dai 4 ai 10 metri, e che può raggiungere su un lato del fosso o su entrambi i lati, una profondità di 1-1,5 metri, a volte sostituito da un muretto a secco. Vi erano poi tutta una serie di torri d'avvistamento, forti e fortini davanti o dietro al fossato a completamento del sistema difensivo.

Sul fossatum Africae la datazione rimane ancora incerta, anche se le ipotesi principali rimangono che fu iniziato a partire da Adriano[4] o Antonino Pio, per analogia con quanto questi due imperatori svilupparono sia in Britannia sia lungo il limes germanico-retico (tra Reno e Danubio), o al più tardi sotto Gordiano III, i Tetrarchi o Costantino I.

Note

  1. ^ C. Daniels, Africa, in Il mondo di Roma imperiale: la formazione, Bari 1989, pp. 267 e 271.
  2. ^ a b C. Daniels, Africa, in Il mondo di Roma imperiale: la formazione, Bari 1989, pp. 267 e 273.
  3. ^ C. Daniels, Africa, in Il mondo di Roma imperiale: la formazione, Bari 1989, pp. 263 e 271.
  4. ^ Louis Harmand e Paul Petit considerano sia possibile l'attribuzione del fossatum Africae ad Adriano, anche se non certa (Paul Petit, La paix romaine, in Nouvelle Clio – l'histoire et ses problèmes, Paris 1967-1971, p. 111.

Bibliografia

  • Jean Baradez, Fossatum Africae. Recherches aériennes sur l'organisation des confins sahariens à l'époque romaine, Paris-Alger, 1949.
  • C. Daniels, Il mondo di Roma imperiale: la formazione, Bari 1989, pp. 259–295.
  • Paul Petit, La paix romaine, in Nouvelle Clio – l'histoire et ses problèmes, Paris 1967-1971.

Voci correlate

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN) 235963091
  Portale Architettura

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