4-2-3-1

Il 4-2-3-1

Il 4-2-3-1 è un modulo di gioco del calcio. Consiste nello schierare 4 difensori, 5 centrocampisti (su due linee) e un attaccante.

Il modulo

A contraddistinguere il modulo è la sua versatilità, che lo rende adattabile alle varie situazioni di gioco.[1] Per la corretta applicazione, è necessario che gli interpreti siano istruiti sull'importanza dei movimenti da compiere senza palla.[1] La linea difensiva non si discosta da quella di altri moduli (come il più elementare 4-4-2), contando infatti su due terzini ed altrettanti centrali.[1]

I due centrocampisti più arretrati assumono le funzioni di mediani, dovendo collaborare sia in fase di interdizione che di spinta.[1][2] Il terzetto avanzato è invece composto di due ali (esterni offensivi) e un centrale, cui sono demandati i compiti di trequartista.[1] Lo schieramento può avere l'effetto collaterale di isolare il centravanti, che risulta essere l'unica punta in campo.[1] Non potendo quindi ricercare la profondità con lanci lunghi, all'attaccante è richiesta una dotazione tecnica non comune: oltre alla finalizzazione, deve infatti saper favorire l'inserimento in avanti dei compagni di squadra.[1] L'evoluzione recente del calcio, in particolare il tiki-taka, ha portato la stampa a rinominare «falso nueve» («falso nove» in spagnolo) la punta: il ruolo, infatti, può talvolta essere ricoperto da un calciatore senza caratteristiche prettamente offensive.[1] Tale accorgimento ha l'effetto di eliminare, per la difesa avversaria, un punto fisso di riferimento.[1][3]

Nel corso della partita, il modulo può variare in un 4-5-1 (grazie all'avanzamento dei mediani, che vengono a trovarsi in linea con il terzetto offensivo) oppure in un 4-3-3 (con gli esterni ad affiancare il centravanti, mentre il trequartista arretra a formare con i mediani un centrocampo a 3).[1]

I numeri del 4-2-3-1

La natura del modulo ne consente un facile inquadramento con la numerazione classica, da 1 a 11.[1] I difensori laterali vestono il 2 (destro) e 3 (sinistro), con il 5 e 6 affidati agli stopper;[1] il 4 e l'8 spettano ai mediani.[1] Le ali indossano il 7 e l'11 (destra e sinistra), mentre il trequartista ha il 10 sulle spalle;[1] infine, come da tradizione, il portiere e il centravanti ricevono l'1 e il 9.[1]

Curiosamente, ai Mondiali 2010, il Brasile ha riproposto per la formazione titolare il sistema sopra descritto, nonostante la liberalizzazione dei numeri.[4]

Squadre che hanno utilizzato il 4-2-3-1

L'Inter della stagione 2009-2010, allenata da José Mourinho, impiegò con successo il 4-2-3-1 conseguendo un treble[1]

Note

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Il 4-2-3-1, su ideacalcio.net, 7 luglio 2012.
  2. ^ Organizzazione del 4-2-3-1, su allenatoricalcio.it. URL consultato il 25 novembre 2017.
  3. ^ Davide Martini, 4-2-3-1, pressing e falso 9: è tornata la Roma di Spalletti, su 90min.com, 3 febbraio 2016. URL consultato il 27 maggio 2018 (archiviato dall'url originale il 28 maggio 2018).
  4. ^ Maurizio Crosetti, Il Brasile di Dunga, ecco la "squadra perfetta", su repubblica.it, 1º luglio 2010.
  5. ^ La Francia stecca la prima, "Bleus" bloccati dalla Svizzera, su repubblica.it, 13 giugno 2006.
  6. ^ Alessandro Pasini, Domenech l'astrologo tradito dallo scorpione, in Corriere della Sera, 11 luglio 2006, p. 14 (archiviato dall'url originale il 21 giugno 2010).
  7. ^ Moduli: torniamo al triplete!, su fcinter1908.it, 16 febbraio 2012.
  8. ^ Andrea Elefante, Triplete 2010, la Pazza Inter nella leggenda, su gazzetta.it, 8 settembre 2017.
  9. ^ (EN) Kevin McGuinness, A brief look at Jupp Heynckes’ refined tactics with Bayern Munich, su gazzetta.it, 30 gennaio 2018.
  10. ^ Luca Stamerra, Allegri come Mourinho nel 2010, Mandzukic come Eto'o: dove può arrivare la Juventus col 4-2-3-1?, su it.eurosport.com, 23 gennaio 2017.
  11. ^ Andrea Lapegna e Luca Rossi, Le Juventus di Allegri, su ateralbus.it. URL consultato il 30 aprile 2021.
  12. ^ Daniele Berrone, Analisi Tattica: il Real Madrid di Zinedine Zidane, su assoanalisti.it. URL consultato il 21 aprile 2021.
  13. ^ (EN) Rhys Desmond, Hansi Flick - Bayern Munich - Tactical Analysis, su themastermindsite.com. URL consultato il 30 aprile 2021.

Voci correlate

Controllo di autoritàGND (DE) 4726842-6
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