222ª Divisione costiera

222ª Divisione costiera
Descrizione generale
Attivaluglio 1942 - settembre 1943
NazioneItalia (bandiera) Italia
ServizioRegio esercito
TipoDivisione costiera
Guarnigione/QGSalerno
Battaglie/guerreOperazione Achse
Parte di
set. 1943: XIX Corpo d'armata
Reparti dipendenti
set. 1943:
17º Rgt. fanteria costiero
18º Rgt. fanteria costiero
2 compagnie mitraglieri da posizione
3 gruppi artiglieria costiera
Servizi Divisionali
Comandanti
Degni di notaFerrante Vincenzo Gonzaga
Simboli
Mostrina
[1]
Voci su unità militari presenti su Wikipedia

La 222ª Divisione costiera fu una divisione di fanteria del Regio Esercito italiano deputata alla difesa costiera, costituita nel luglio 1942 in piena seconda guerra mondiale e sciolta nel settembre 1943 durante gli eventi dell'operazione Achse.

Storia

La divisione faceva parte della guarnigione posta a difesa di Salerno e presidiava il settore costiero compreso tra Capo d'Orso e la Fiumara di Castrocucco. L'unità si componeva di due reggimenti di fanteria, il 74º e l'89º Reggimento costiero, ciascuno su tre battaglioni, oltre a due compagnie di mitraglieri e un gruppo d'artiglieria da posizione; il 151º e il 163º Reggimento costiero fecero inizialmente parte dell'organico della divisione, ma nel 1943 furono riassegnati il primo alla 32ª Brigata costiera e il secondo alla guarnigione di Napoli. Il comando della divisione fu affidato al generale Ferrante Vincenzo Gonzaga[1].

Dopo la proclamazione dell'armistizio l'8 settembre 1943, i tedeschi diedero il via all'Operazione Achse, che prevedeva il disarmo di tutti i reparti del Regio Esercito in Italia e altrove. Il generale Gonzaga, nei giorni precedenti all'armistizio, aveva diramato ordini ai reparti della divisione di non consegnare le armi ai tedeschi ma di raggrupparsi e prepararsi a resistere. Verso le 22:00 dell'8 settembre 1943 un raggruppamento tedesco al comando del maggiore Udo von Alvensleben si presentò al comando della 222ª Divisione situato in località Buccoli, nel comune di Eboli, e intimò al generale Gonzaga di consegnare le armi. Al secco rifiuto del generale e alla manifesta intenzione di resistere a un eventuale atto di forza, i tedeschi replicarono con una raffica di mitra che uccise Gonzaga. Decapitato il comando, la divisione si dissolse con facilità[2].

Ordine di Battaglia

All'Armistizio dell'8 settembre 1943 era così costituita:

Ufficiali

Note

  1. ^ a b 222a Divisione Costiera, su regioesercito.it. URL consultato il 3 ottobre 2021.
  2. ^ Angelo Pesce, Salerno 1943 "Operazione Avalanche".
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