Chimia

Chimia
instantia de: branca del scientia[*], disciplina academic[*], academic major[*], field of study[*], specialitate[*]
subclasse de: scientias physic[*]


Commons: Chemistry
Parte del serie sur le scientia

Le chimia[1] es le scientia que investiga le proprietates, composition, e transformation de substantias e varie formas elementari de materia.

Le chimia es le scientia que studia le structura, proprietates, e transformationes del materia a partir de su composition atomic, formante differente substantias. Le atomo es le minor fraction de materia que existe, illo es constituite per differente particulas que possede differente typos de cargas, le electrones con carga negative, le protones con carga positive e le neutrones que como su nomine indica son neutre (sin carga); tote illos apporta massa pro contribuer al peso del atomo.

Definition

Le definition de chimia ha cambiate quando nove discopertas ha essite additionate al functionalitate de iste scientia. Le termino “chimia”, secundo le recognoscite scientista Robert Boyle, in 1661, se tractava del area que studiava le principios del corpores miscite[2].

In 1663, chimia se definiva como un arte scientific per le qual se apprende a dissolver corpores, obtener de illos le differente substantia de lor composition, e como unir los postea pro attinger un nivello major de perfection. Isto secunde le chimico Christopher Glaser[3].

Le definition de 1730 pro le parola chimica, usate per Georg Ernst Stahl, era le arte de comprender le functionamento del mixturas, compostos o corpores usque lor principios basic; e postea tornar a componer iste corpores a partir del mesme principios[4].

In 1837, Jean-Baptiste Dumas, considerava le parola chimia pro referer se al scientia que se preoccupava del leges e effectos del fortias molecular. Iste definition postea evolverea usque 1947, quando on lo denominava le scientia que se preoccupava del proprietates e le reactiones que los transforma in altere substantias (characterisation donate per Linus Pauling)[5].

Plus recentemente, in 1988, le definition de chimia era ampliate pro esser le “studio del materia e le cambios que isto implica” – in le parolas del professor Raymon Chang[6].

Conceptos

acido — amphotero — base — chiralitate — complexo activate — composito — dissolution — equation chimic — ligamento — elemento — energia de activation — energia de ligamento — stereochimia — hybridation — hydrolyse — mol — molecularitate — ordine de reaction — oxydante — pesos atomic — pH — potential de electrodo — reductor — resonantia — series de potential — solubilitate

Brancas del chimia

Vide etiam

Referentias

  1. ↑ Derivationes: (ar) الكیمیاء, al-kīmiyāʼ; (la) Chemia; (el) Χημεία - (de) Chemie; (en) Chemistry; (pt) Química; (es) Química; (ca) Química; (fr) Chimie; (it) Chimica; (ro) Chimie; (ru) Химия
  2. ↑ Boyle, Robert (1661). The Sceptical Chymist. New York: Dover Publications, Inc. (reprint). ISBN 0-486-42825-7.
  3. ↑ Glaser, Christopher (1663). Traite de la chymie. Paris. as found in: Kim, Mi Gyung (2003). Affinity, That Elusive Dream - A Genealogy of the Chemical Revolution. The MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-11273-6.
  4. ↑ Stahl, George, E. (1730). Philosophical Principles of Universal Chemistry. London.
  5. ↑ Pauling, Linus (1947). General Chemistry. Dover Publications, Inc. ISBN 0-486-65622-5.
  6. ↑ Chang, Raymond (1998). Chemistry, 6th Ed. New York: McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-07-115221-0.

Ligamines externe

Libros de chimia in anglese

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