Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington Railroad

Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington Railroad
illustration de Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington Railroad
Création Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Prédécesseur Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad (en)
Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad
Philadelphia and Baltimore Central Railroad (en)Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Successeur AmtrakVoir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Siège social Philadelphie, PennsylvanieVoir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Drapeau des États-Unis États-Unis
Localisation PennsylvanieVoir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Écartement des rails Écartement standardVoir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
modifier 

Le Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington Railroad (PB&W) était un chemin de fer américain de classe I qui opéra au XXe siècle dans les États de Pennsylvanie, Delaware, Maryland, et Washington. Sa ligne principale, longue de 211 km, reliait Philadelphie (Pennsylvanie) à Washington[1]. Cette ligne fait désormais partie du Northeast Corridor de l'Amtrak.

Les origines

Le Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR), qui contrôlait le Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad ainsi que le Baltimore and Potomac Railroad, décida de fusionner ces deux compagnies en 1902[1] pour constituer le Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington Railroad. En 1907, cette compagnie devint le copropriétaire de la nouvelle Washington Terminal Company qui exploitait la gare de Washington Union Station[2].

Les acquisitions

Le PB&W racheta les compagnies suivantes :

  • 1906 : le South Chester Railroad
  • 1913 : le Baltimore and Sparrow's Point Railroad
  • 1916 : le Philadelphia and Baltimore Central Railroad, le Columbia and Port Deposit Railway, et l'Elkton and Middletown Railroad.

En 1916, la longueur totale du réseau était de 1 154 km, dont 14,5 km de droits de circulation[1]

Les améliorations

En 1928, le PRR lança un programme d'électrification de la ligne principale entre New York et Washington en utilisant des caténaires. L'électrification de la portion du PB&W fut achevée en 1935[3].

La dissolution

Le Pennsylvania Railroad fusionna avec le New York Central Railroad en 1968 pour donner le Penn Central. Le PB&W fut alors contrôlé par cette nouvelle compagnie. Le Penn Central se déclara en banqueroute en 1970, mais continua ses opérations jusqu'en 1976, date à laquelle ses capitaux furent vendus conformément à la loi Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act. Sous cette loi, le Congrès autorisa la vente des droits de circulation du PB&W entre Philadelphie et Washington, ainsi que des biens apparentés (comme la Washington Terminal Company), à l'Amtrak. D'autres possessions du PB&W furent vendues au nouveau Consolidated Rail Corporation (Conrail)[4],[5].

Notes et références

Notes

(en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington Railroad » (voir la liste des auteurs).

Références

  1. ↑ a b et c « Poors Intermediate Manual of Railroads. » New York: Poor's Manual Co. 1917.
  2. ↑ Tindall, William (1914). « Standard History of the City of Washington. » Knoxville, TN: H.W. Crew. p. 418. Retrieved 2009-09-16.
  3. ↑ "Electrification History to 1948". Pennsylvania Railroad Electrification. www.railsandtrails.com. Retrieved 2010-05-24.
  4. ↑ Schafer, Mike; Solomon, Brian (1997). Pennsylvania Railroad. Osceola, WI: Motorbooks Intl. (ISBN 0-7603-0379-7).
  5. ↑ "Penn Central Railroad." Accessed 2010-05-23.

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