Classe Tacoma

Classe Tacoma
illustration de Classe Tacoma
L'USS Grand Forks (PF-11), l'une des frégates de classe Tacoma.
Caractéristiques techniques
Type frégate
Longueur 92,63m
Maître-bau 11,43 m
Tirant d'eau 4,17m
Déplacement 1284 t
Vitesse 20kts
Caractéristiques militaires
Armement 2-3 canons de 3 pouces
2 × 2 canons de 40 mm
4-9 canons de 20 mm
Histoire
Constructeurs Drapeau des États-Unis États-Unis
A servi dans Pavillon de l'United States Navy United States Navy
 Royal Navy
Pavillon de la force maritime d'auto-défense Force maritime d'autodéfense japonaise
 Marine argentine
 Marine soviétique
 Composante marine
 Marine nationale colombienne
Marine cubaine
Marine dominicaine
 Marine équatorienne
 Marine nationale
 Marine de la république de Corée
Pavillon de la marine mexicaine Marine mexicaine
 Marine royale néerlandaise
 Marine péruvienne
 Marine royale thaïlandaise
Période de
construction
19431945
Période de service 19432000
Navires construits 96
Navires prévus 100
Navires annulés 4
Navires en activité 0
Navires perdus 2
Navires préservés 3

La classe Tacoma est une classe de frégates de patrouille d'origine américaine construit durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale.

Elle tient son nom du premier navire de cette classe : l'USS Tacoma, mis en service en 1943, lui-même tenant son nom de la ville américaine de Tacoma dans l'État de Washington.

Conception

Contrairement à la plupart des navires militaires, cette classe de navires a été construite sous des spécifications commerciales mais non militaires. La qualité en est plus faible mais la construction est plus rapide. De multiples chantiers navals américains, et pas seulement des chantiers militaires, ont contribué à la réalisation de 96 unités.

Service

Beaucoup de ces navires ont été utilisés pour la lutte anti-sous-marine, et quelques-unes ont servi dans l'United States Coast Guard (Garde côtière américaine).
21 navires ont été transférés à la Royal Navy en vertu de la Lend-Lease (loi prêt-bail).
28 navires ont été envoyés à la Marine soviétique pour préparer une invasion de l'empire du Japon en 1945, un a été endommagé et les 27 autres rendus en 1949.

Après la guerre, beaucoup de ces navires ont été transférés aux forces navales de différents pays comme le Japon (18 unités), Mexique, le Pérou, la Corée du Sud (5), France (4 dont La Place (F713) coulé en 1950 par une mine et Le Verrier (F716) désarmé en 1958), Grèce, Cuba, Belgique (Lieutenant ter Zee Victor Billet (F910)) , la Colombie et Taïwan, qui a servi en moyenne jusqu'aux années 1970 et 1980.

Notes et références

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