Jinja

Artikulu hau santutegiei buruzkoa da; beste esanahietarako, ikus «Jinja (Uganda)».
Torii jinja batean sartzeko ataria da.

Jinja (japonieraz: 神社?) izenarekin, Xintoismoaren santutegiak eta haien inguruko zonalde naturalak ezagutzen dira. Nahiz eta zenbait eliz eta meskita jinja bezala onartuak izan, tradizionalki ez zen horrela, ez ziren kaperak edo sinismena zabaltzeko tokiak. Jinjen helburua kami edo xintoismoaren jainkoari kultua eskaintzea zen; batzutan ere kami bezala onartutako hildako baten arimari. Azkeneko mendetan kami esanguratsuenak Japonian izan dira santututak.[1]

Jinja hitza Japonian ofizialki 1882. urtetik erabili izan da. Japonia osoan 80.000tik 100.000ra jinja zerrendatuak daude. Dena dela, kopuru osoa askoz altuago izango da ezen jinja batzuk oso txikiak dira edota gaur egun abandonatuak daude. Jinjak mantentzeko dirua biltzen da eta, bestetik, udalek ere laguntzen dute.

Jinja baten deskribapena

Santutegi baten eskema.

Marrazkian agertzen diren zenbakien arabera, elementu hauek aurki daitezke:

  • 1: Torii edo ataria, kolore gorrikoa. Atari horrek inguru sakratua eta profanua bereizten ditu.
  • 2: Harrizko eskailera santutegi barrura heltzeko.
  • 3: Sandō
  • 4: Chōzuya, ur putzu bat estalia non sinestunek eskuak eta ahora garbitzen duten, kami aurrean garbiak agertzeko. Purifikatzeko prozesu horrek o-harai izena du.
  • 5: Tōrō, bidean dauden linternak.
  • 6: Kagura edo erritu-dantza egiteko jauregia.
  • 7: Shamusho edo erlijio gauzak erotesko denda.
  • 8: Emakake edo eskaerak eta eskaintzak zinzilikatzeko gunea.
  • 9: Setsumassha edo dependentzia auxiliarra.
  • 10: Pasilu bukaera komainu txakurren estatuak.
  • 11: Haiden edo otoitz tokia.
  • 12: Hesi sakratua.
  • 13: Eraikuntza nagusia.[2]

Santutegi ospetsuak

Jinja ospetsuenak ez dira gune nagusien inguruan egoten. Hona hemen ezagunetariko batzuk:

Erreferentziak

  1. ↑ http://eos.kokugakuin.ac.jp/modules/xwords/entry.php?entryID=696
  2. ↑ http://www.onmarkproductions.com/html/shrine-guide-2.shtml

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