Solar eclipse of December 26, 2038

Solar eclipse of December 26, 2038
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureTotal
Gamma−0.2881
Magnitude1.0268
Maximum eclipse
Duration138 s (2 min 18 s)
Coordinates40°18′S 164°00′E / 40.3°S 164°E / -40.3; 164
Max. width of band95 km (59 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse1:00:10
References
Saros142 (24 of 72)
Catalog # (SE5000)9594

A total solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's descending node of orbit between Saturday, December 25 and Sunday, December 26, 2038,[1] with a magnitude of 1.0268. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 1.7 days after perigee (on December 24, 2038, at 8:25 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.[2]

Totality will be visible from parts of Australia and New Zealand. A partial eclipse will be visible for parts of Southeast Asia, Australia, Antarctica, and Oceania.

Images


Animated path

Eclipse details

Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[3]

December 26, 2038 Solar Eclipse Times
Event Time (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact 2038 December 25 at 22:20:51.4 UTC
First Umbral External Contact 2038 December 25 at 23:19:15.0 UTC
First Central Line 2038 December 25 at 23:19:33.4 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact 2038 December 25 at 23:19:51.9 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact 2038 December 26 at 00:23:04.9 UTC
Greatest Duration 2038 December 26 at 00:59:26.3 UTC
Greatest Eclipse 2038 December 26 at 01:00:09.7 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction 2038 December 26 at 01:02:10.7 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction 2038 December 26 at 01:03:10.7 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact 2038 December 26 at 01:37:10.7 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact 2038 December 26 at 02:40:28.5 UTC
Last Central Line 2038 December 26 at 02:40:45.0 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact 2038 December 26 at 02:41:01.5 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact 2038 December 26 at 03:39:31.2 UTC
December 26, 2038 Solar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Eclipse Magnitude 1.02685
Eclipse Obscuration 1.05443
Gamma −0.28813
Sun Right Ascension 18h18m51.7s
Sun Declination -23°21'47.8"
Sun Semi-Diameter 16'15.7"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.9"
Moon Right Ascension 18h18m46.7s
Moon Declination -23°39'05.4"
Moon Semi-Diameter 16'25.8"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 1°00'18.1"
ΔT 78.0 s

Eclipse season

See also: Eclipse cycle

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of December 2038
December 11
Ascending node (full moon)
 December 26
Descending node (new moon)
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 116		 Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 142

Eclipses in 2038

Metonic

Tzolkinex

Half-Saros

Tritos

Solar Saros 142

Inex

Triad

Solar eclipses of 2036–2039

This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[4]

The partial solar eclipses on February 27, 2036 and August 21, 2036 occur in the previous lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 2036 to 2039
Ascending node   Descending node
Saros Map Gamma Saros Map Gamma
117 July 23, 2036

Partial 		−1.425 122 January 16, 2037

Partial 		1.1477
127 July 13, 2037

Total 		−0.7246 132 January 5, 2038

Annular 		0.4169
137 July 2, 2038

Annular 		0.0398 142 December 26, 2038

Total 		−0.2881
147 June 21, 2039

Annular 		0.8312 152 December 15, 2039

Total 		−0.9458

Saros 142

This eclipse is a part of Saros series 142, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 72 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on April 17, 1624. It contains a hybrid eclipse on July 14, 1768, and total eclipses from July 25, 1786 through October 29, 2543. There are no annular eclipses in this set. The series ends at member 72 as a partial eclipse on June 5, 2904. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of totality will be produced by member 38 at 6 minutes, 34 seconds on May 28, 2291. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.[5]

Series members 11–32 occur between 1801 and 2200:
11 12 13

August 5, 1804
August 16, 1822
August 27, 1840
14 15 16

September 7, 1858
September 17, 1876
September 29, 1894
17 18 19

October 10, 1912
October 21, 1930
November 1, 1948
20 21 22

November 12, 1966
November 22, 1984
December 4, 2002
23 24 25

December 14, 2020
December 26, 2038
January 5, 2057
26 27 28

January 16, 2075
January 27, 2093
February 8, 2111
29 30 31

February 18, 2129
March 2, 2147
March 12, 2165
32

March 23, 2183

Metonic series

The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

21 eclipse events between May 21, 1993 and May 20, 2069
May 20–21 March 9 December 25–26 October 13–14 August 1–2
118 120 122 124 126

May 21, 1993
March 9, 1997
December 25, 2000
October 14, 2004
August 1, 2008
128 130 132 134 136

May 20, 2012
March 9, 2016
December 26, 2019
October 14, 2023
August 2, 2027
138 140 142 144 146

May 21, 2031
March 9, 2035
December 26, 2038
October 14, 2042
August 2, 2046
148 150 152 154 156

May 20, 2050
March 9, 2054
December 26, 2057
October 13, 2061
August 2, 2065
158

May 20, 2069

Tritos series

This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

October 9, 1809
(Saros 121)
September 7, 1820
(Saros 122)
August 7, 1831
(Saros 123)
July 8, 1842
(Saros 124)
June 6, 1853
(Saros 125)

May 6, 1864
(Saros 126)
April 6, 1875
(Saros 127)
March 5, 1886
(Saros 128)
February 1, 1897
(Saros 129)
January 3, 1908
(Saros 130)

December 3, 1918
(Saros 131)
November 1, 1929
(Saros 132)
October 1, 1940
(Saros 133)
September 1, 1951
(Saros 134)
July 31, 1962
(Saros 135)

June 30, 1973
(Saros 136)
May 30, 1984
(Saros 137)
April 29, 1995
(Saros 138)
March 29, 2006
(Saros 139)
February 26, 2017
(Saros 140)

January 26, 2028
(Saros 141)
December 26, 2038
(Saros 142)
November 25, 2049
(Saros 143)
October 24, 2060
(Saros 144)
September 23, 2071
(Saros 145)

August 24, 2082
(Saros 146)
July 23, 2093
(Saros 147)
June 22, 2104
(Saros 148)
May 24, 2115
(Saros 149)
April 22, 2126
(Saros 150)

March 21, 2137
(Saros 151)
February 19, 2148
(Saros 152)
January 19, 2159
(Saros 153)
December 18, 2169
(Saros 154)
November 17, 2180
(Saros 155)

October 18, 2191
(Saros 156)

Inex series

This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

June 6, 1807
(Saros 134)
May 15, 1836
(Saros 135)
April 25, 1865
(Saros 136)

April 6, 1894
(Saros 137)
March 17, 1923
(Saros 138)
February 25, 1952
(Saros 139)

February 4, 1981
(Saros 140)
January 15, 2010
(Saros 141)
December 26, 2038
(Saros 142)

December 6, 2067
(Saros 143)
November 15, 2096
(Saros 144)
October 26, 2125
(Saros 145)

October 7, 2154
(Saros 146)
September 16, 2183
(Saros 147)

References

  1. ^ "December 25–26, 2038 Total Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  2. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  3. ^ "Total Solar Eclipse of 2038 Dec 26". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  4. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  5. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 142". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
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