Shazam is an application that can identify music based on a short sample played using the microphone on the device.[2] It was created by the British company Shazam Entertainment, based in London, and has been owned by Apple since 2018. The software is available for Android, macOS, iOS, Wear OS, watchOS and as a Google Chrome extension.
The original UK developer of the app, Shazam Entertainment Limited, was founded in 1999 by Chris Barton, Philip Inghelbrecht, Avery Wang, and Dhiraj Mukherjee.[3] On 24 September 2018, the company was acquired by Apple for a reported $400 million.[4][5]
Overview
The target zone of a song that was scanned by Shazam.[6]
Shazam identifies songs using an audio fingerprint based on a time-frequency graph called a spectrogram. It uses a smartphone or computer's built-in microphone to gather a brief sample of the audio being played. Shazam stores a catalogue of audio fingerprints in a database. The user records a song for 10 seconds and the application creates an audio fingerprint. Shazam works by analyzing the captured sound and seeking a match based on an acoustic fingerprint in a database of millions of songs.[7] If it finds a match, it sends information such as the artist, song title, and album back to the user. Some implementations of Shazam incorporate relevant links to services such as iTunes, Apple Music, Spotify, YouTube Music, or Groove Music.[8]
Shazam can identify music being played from any source, provided that the background noise level is not high enough to prevent an acoustic fingerprint from being taken, and that the song is present in the software's database.
The company released a paid app called Shazam Encore, later discontinued when it was bought by Apple in 2018. In September 2012, the service was expanded to enable TV users in the US to identify featured music, access cast information, and get links to show information online, as well as added social networking capabilities.[9]
In 2014, Shazam redesigned its app and added features.[10]
Initially, in 2002, the service was launched only in the UK and was known as "2580", as the number was the short code that customers dialled from their mobile phone to get music recognized.[3] The phone would automatically hang up after 30 seconds. A result was then sent to the user in the form of a text message containing the song title and artist name. At a later date, the service also began to add hyperlinks in the text message to allow the user to download the song online.[14]
Shazam launched in the US on the AT&T Wireless network in 2004 in a joint offering with Musicphone, a now defunct San Francisco-based company. The service was free at launch with AT&T saying that it would charge $0.99 for each use in the future.[15]
In 2006, users were charged £0.60 per call or had unlimited use for £4.50 a month, as well as an online service to keep track of all tags.[14]
2006–2017: Smartphone app and expansion
Shazam first became available as an app in 2006 exclusively on the Amp'd Mobile cellular service.
Shazam for iPhone debuted on 10 July 2008, with the launch of Apple's App Store. The free app enabled users to launch iTunes and buy the song directly,[16] although the service struggled to identify classical music.[17]
In December 2009, Shazam was downloaded ten million times in 150 countries across 350 mobile operators. Around eight percent of users purchased a track after it was identified by the service.[3] Its success led to a funding round from Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers in October 2009.[3][21] In January 2011, Apple announced that Shazam was the fourth most downloaded free app of all time on the App Store, while rival SoundHound had the top paid iPad app.[22]
In August 2012, Shazam announced the service had been used to tag five billion songs, TV shows and advertisements. In addition, Shazam claimed to have over 225 million users across 200 countries.[23] A month later, the service claimed to have more than 250 million users with two million active users per week.[9] In 2014, the app announced it had 100 million monthly active users and over 500 million downloads.[24] In October 2014, Shazam announced its technology had been used to identify 15 billion songs.[25]
The Shazam app was listed among Techland's 50 Best Android Applications for 2013.[26]
In August 2014, Shazam announced there would be no more updates for Shazam(RED) after 7 August.[27]
Apple's launch of iOS 8 in September 2014 came with the integration of Shazam into Apple's virtual assistant Siri.[28]
In February 2013, Shazam announced a partnership with the music store Beatport, adding its library of electronic music to the service.[29] On 3 April 2013 Shazam announced an exclusive partnership with Saavn, an Indian online music streaming service. The deal added nearly 1 million songs in Indian languages to Shazam's database.[30][31][32][33] In July 2014, Shazam announced a partnership with Rdio that allows Shazam users to stream full songs within the app.[34]
In May 2015, Shazam was launched on Wear OS (formerly Android Wear).[35]
Rich Riley[36] joined Shazam as CEO in April 2013.[37] after over 13 years at Yahoo![38] Riley replaced Andrew Fisher, who was hired from Infospace into the CEO role in 2005 to strengthen industry partnerships and grow the userbase.[3] Fisher is now executive chairman.
In addition to music, Shazam has announced collaborations with partners across television, advertising and cinema. In May 2014, National CineMedia announced a partnership with Shazam to incorporate Shazam into FirstLook pre-show segments that run in Regal, AMC and Cinemark cinemas.[39] In November 2014, NCM and Shazam announced that NCM FirstLook pre-shows are now Shazam enabled on over 20,000 movie screens across the United States.[40]
In August 2014, Shazam announced the launch of Resonate, a sales product that allows TV networks to access its technology and user base. The news included the announcement of partnerships with AMC, A&E, Dick Clark Productions and Fuse.[2]
Shazam announced a 2015 partnership with Sun Broadcast Group on Shazam for Radio, a new offering that will allow radio stations to push customised content to listeners on Sun Broadcast's over 8,000 radio stations in the US.[41]
In December 2016, Shazam announced a partnership with social media application Snapchat.[42] The new feature comes as part of the latest Snapchat update and integration with Shazam, which allows Snapchat users to use Shazam's Music information retrieval technology by pressing and holding the camera screen.[43]
Shazam first made a profit in 2016, 16 years after its founding and 14 years after its product launch.[12]
2018–present: Subsidiary of Apple Inc.
In December 2017, Apple Inc. announced its acquisition of Shazam for a reported $400 million (£300 million).[44] On 23 April 2018 the European Commission stated that it would be reviewing the acquisition.[45] The European Commission approved the acquisition on 6 September 2018 and the deal was completed on 24 September 2018.[46][47]
Funding
Shazam's initial $7.5M in venture capital investment, in September 2001, came from Lynx New Media, IDG Ventures Europe, and FLV, a Belgian speech-recognition investment fund.[48]
In September 2012, Shazam raised a US$32 million round of funding.[49] In July 2013, América Móvil invested US$40 million in Shazam for an undisclosed share,[50] which helped put their technology in the hands of millions of users in Latin America.[48] In March 2014, Shazam confirmed another US$20 million in new funding, raising the total value of the company to US$500 million.[51] The company's earlier backers include European venture capital firm DN Capital, which invested in Shazam in 2004.[52]
Patent infringement lawsuit
In May 2009, Tune Hunter accused Shazam of violating U.S. patent 6,941,275, which covers music identification and purchase in a portable device.[53] Shazam settled the case in January 2010.[54]
^Newnham, Danielle (17 December 2013). Mad Men of Mobile: Leading Entrepreneurs and Innovators Share Their Stories, from Siri to Shazam. ISBN978-1-4942-6656-1.
^Charny, Ben (15 April 2004). "Dial-that-tune comes to US". CNET. Archived from the original on 4 February 2014.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
