The "Himno Nacional de Costa Rica" (English: "Costa Rican National Anthem"), also known by its incipit, "Noble patria, tu hermosa bandera" (English: "Noble fatherland, your beautiful flag"), is the national anthem of Costa Rica. Its music was composed by Manuel María Gutiérrez Flores [es], who dedicated the score to French adventurer Gabriel-Pierre Lafond de Lurcy [fr], and adopted in 1852. The music was created to receive delegates from the United Kingdom and the United States that year for the Webster-Crampton Treaty. It was the first Central American national anthem.[1]
The anthem has had several lyrics; the current lyrics were written for a contest held in 1903 by the government of Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra to give the anthem lyrics that reflected the idea of being Costa Rican. The contest was won by José María Zeledón Brenes.
The anthem's lyrics were made official in 1949 by the Founding Junta of the Second Republic, led by José Figueres Ferrer. The music was made official in 1979, under President Rodrigo Carazo Odio.
From the period of independence within the First Mexican Empire from 1821 to the beginning of the First Costa Rican Republic in 1848, Costa Rica did not have a national anthem. After the establishment of the republic, Costa Rica began to gain more recognition from other nations. In 1852, then president, Juan Rafael Mora Porras, learnt of the arrival of diplomatic representatives from the United Kingdom and United States in order to establish embassies.[2]
Musician and Director of the Costa Rican Military Band, Manuel María Gutiérrez [es], then 22 years old, was asked to compose an anthem. Professing a lack of experience and little time, Gutiérrez asked for help from French adventurer Gabriel-Pierre Lafond de Lurcy [fr], who instructed and encouraged him. After consulting Lafond, Gutiérrez composed the anthem in three or four days in his home in central San José. An apocryphal story circulates that Gutiérrez had to compose the music for the anthem while locked in a prison cell for refusing the order the president gave him to compose the anthem,[1][2] and that he composed the anthem in 24 hours.[2]
The anthem was played in public for the first time by the Banda de San José (San José Band) at the welcome receptions for the delegations from the United Kingdom and United States on 11 June 1852 at the Casa de Gobierno (Government House).[2] The event was held in the Main Barracks, where the Raventós Theatre was later situated, today the Melico Salazar Theatre.
The anthem was largely forgotten after this, so much so that lyrics for it were not made official until 1949, after the civil war and the founding of the Second Republic, and the music was not made official until 1 September 1979, with decree 10471-E,[3] during the presidency of Rodrigo Carazo Odio. The decree was intended to coincide with Gutiérrez's birthday (which is now known to be 3 September).[2]
There was no intention to add lyrics at the time of the anthem's creation, as it was urgently needed for the welcome ceremonies for the foreign delegations. Some lyrics had been written in 1856 during the Filibuster War, to encourage troops on the battlefield, but they were quickly forgotten.[2]
The first lyrics of the national anthem were written by a Colombian poet living in Costa Rica, José Manuel Lleras, and premiered in 1873. In the context of looming threats by other states to overthrow then president Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez, as well as a threat of the instrumental anthem becoming forgotten by non–military band members, Lleras wrote long lyrics that included high praise of President Guardia, intended to encourage Costa Ricans in the event of war:[2]
Coro: ¡Ciudadanos! El sol de los libres ha subido radiante al cenit! Su esplendor nos infunda el aliento de vencer por la Patria o morir! I Costa Rica rompió las cadenas que la ataban a extraño poder; soltó al viento su propria[a] bandera y el imperio fundó de la ley.[b] Libertad proclamó entusiasmada, Libertad en el orden y el bien; del progreso ciñó la guirnalda ¡en su virgen[c] y cándida sien! Coro II La ambición de un oscuro extranjero someterla al yugo intentó, indignados se alzaron los pueblos, y gritaron: «atrás invasor!» Y de Walker las huestes rabiosas escucharon templando la voz, pues sobre ellas, las lides heroicas, Costa Rica clavó su pendón. Coro III Largos años entonces el cielo quiso darnos de dicha y de paz I (sic) a su sombra benigna, el Progreso la riqueza fundó nacional. El trabajo constante i (sic) activo daba al pueblo, munifico, el pan I (sic) era Guardia, el deber circunscrito, Del derecho del pueblo, el guardián. Coro IV La codicia de hermanos celosos agitada en constante inquietud: no consciente vivamos nosotros en la paz, el progreso i la luz; I nos retan a lid fraticida preparando el traidor arcabuz; ¡vengan, pues, que jamá la injusticia vencerá nuestra noble actitud! Coro V El cañón que en San Juan i San Jorge hizo el polvo otro tiempo morder al intruso bandido del Norte, su estampido prepara otra vez; Si el clarín sanguinario resuena, Costa Rica, con noble altivez, ´guerra, guerra´ dirán sus cornetas, «¡Ciudadanos, morir o vencer!» Coro VI I del mar i del prado i del bosque, Del desierto i poblado la voz La ha escuchado el lejano horizonte Repitiendo: «¡Jamás! ¡Invasor!» »Nuestro suelo no huella la planta de una alianza cobarde feroz, Mientras brille la chispa sagrada, en el pueblo, de bélico ardor» Coro VII Mientras Guardia, el soldado aguerrido, Trace al pueblo del pueblo el deber, aunque se halle la patria en peligro, Guardar puede su honor i su fe; ¡Salve oh Guardia, valiente i patriota! ¡Salve, oh Guardia, de heroica altivez! Salve, oh Guardia, su honor i sus glorias son de un pueblo de libres, sostén. Coro
Chorus: Citizens, the sun of the free has risen radiantly to the zenith: its splendour gives us the breath to win for the Fatherland or die. I Costa Rica broke the chains that bound her to foreign power; she let loose her own flag to the wind and founded the empire of law. Liberty proclaimed enthusiastically, Liberty in order and good; she girded the garland of progress on her virgin and innocent temple! Chorus II The ambition of a suspicious foreigner tried to submit her to the yoke, outraged, the peoples rose up, and they cried: "Back off, invader!" And Walker's enraged troops listened, tempering their voices, for over them, the heroic battles, Costa Rica nailed her banner. Chorus III For long years thereupon heaven wanted to give us happiness and peace and in its benign shadow, progress founded national wealth. Constant and active work gave the people, generous, bread and Guardia was, the circumscribed duty, Of the right of the people, the guardian. Chorus IV The greed of jealous brothers agitated in constant restlessness: let us not consciously live in peace, progress and light; And they challenge us to a fratricidal fight preparing the traitorous arquebus; Come, then, so that injustice never will overcome our noble attitude! Chorus V The cannon that in San Juan and San Jorge once made the dust bite the intruder bandit from the North, its blast prepares again; If the bloodthirsty clarion resounds, Costa Rica, with noble pride, 'War, war' will say its horns, "Citizens, death or victory!" Chorus VI And from the sea and the meadow and the forest, From the desert and settlement, the voice Has been heard by the distant horizon Repeating: "Never! Invader!" "Our soil does not mark the plant of a fierce cowardly alliance, As long as the holy spark shines, in the people, of warlike ardour" Chorus VII As long as Guardia, the hardened soldier, Outlines the duty of the people to the people, even if the fatherland finds itself in danger, It can keep its honour and his faith; Hail oh Guardia, brave and patriotic! Hail, oh Guardia, of heroic pride! Hail, oh Guardia, your honour and your glories Are the sustenance of a free people.
Lleras's lyrics were forgotten after the events regarding President Guardia.[2]
In 1879, the anthem began to be sung with shorter lyrics written by seminarian Juan Garita y Guillén, which premiered on 24 June that year at the Colegio Seminario (Seminary College).[2] Garita's lyrics were very simplistic:
Cantaré de la patria querida el honor, libertad y esplendor Con el alma de júbilo henchida cantaré de la patria el honor. En tu faz, sin afán, tus hijos vivirán siempre unidos gozarán del honor sin triste desdén animados[d] irán al glorioso clamor, a la voz de la libertad. Ceñiré de la Patria la sien inmortal de laurel y de mirto triunfal. Tocaré con placer el clarín del afán, honor cantaré a tu gloria y valor.
I will sing of the dear fatherland the honour, liberty and splendour with the soul filled with jubilation I will sing the honour of the fatherland. In your face, without hardship, your children will live always together, they will enjoy honour without sad disdain, animated they will go to the clamour of honour, to the voice of freedom. I will gird the immortal temple of the Fatherland of laurel and triumphal myrtle. I will play the clarion of eagerness with pleasure, honour I will sing to your glory and courage.
Like Lleras's lyrics, Garita's lyrics also stopped being sung.[2] The Lleras and Garita lyrics were never officially adopted.
In 1888, Spanish pedagogue Juan Fernández Ferraz wrote a poetic third set of lyrics for the national anthem, which were longer than the previous lyrics. After being distributed in schools and colleges, they were sung for longer[2] and were made official:
Coro: De la patria el amor nos inspira, elevémosle un himno triunfal De Tirteo en la bélica lira celebremos su gloria inmortal. I Nuestra voz acordada resuene viril desde el Ande gigante a la mar; y repitan los valles, cual trueno rugiente, 𝄆 las bélicas notas del patrio cantar. 𝄇 Desde el bosque sombrío al florido pensil, cunda el eco potente, sublime, ferviente y al ara bendita, holocausto de amor, las preseas llevemos de gloria y honor. Coro II Nuestro hogar defendamos sin miedo a la lid que el laurel nos espera al vencer; y si acaso tendidos a tierra caemos, 𝄆 espléndida gloria nos da el perecer. 𝄇 Sobre el campo tendido a la patria decid, que del bueno el cadáver jamás dejaremos, y al suelo confiando su cuerpo mortal, cantaremos al héroe el himno triunfal. Coro III Nuestros bosques frondosos aliento nos dan, Con su dulce fragancia sutil; Y del valle la verde llanura florida, 𝄆 Enérgico impulso de ardor juvenil. 𝄇 De la patria querida las glorias serán luz inmensa y calor que sustenta la vida, y en ella al rendir en suspiro postrer, miraremos la muerte con hondo placer. Coro IV Gloria, honor a la patria que amante nos dio Cuanto es grato a la vida mortal: gloria, honor a la tierra y bendita y hermosa, 𝄆 que a altísima gloria aspira ideal 𝄇 Si su nombre sin mancha doquiera brilló, cual estrella radiante de lumbre preciosa; por ella juremos cual bravos reñur; sí, juremos por ella vencer o morir. Coro
Chorus: The love of the fatherland inspires us. Let us raise it a triumphal hymn on the warlike lyre of Tyrtaeus. Let us celebrate its immortal glory. I Our accordant voice resounds virile from the giant Andes to the sea; and the valleys repeat, like roaring thunder, the singing of the warlike notes of the fatherland. From the shady forest to the flowery garden, spreads the powerful, sublime, fervent echo and to the blessed altar, a burnt offering of love, we carry the medals of glory and honour. Chorus II Let us defend our home without fear of battle since the laurel awaits us when we win; and if we may fall lying on the ground, death gives us splendid glory. Over the extensive countryside, say to the homeland, that we will never leave the corpse of the good, and to the ground, entrusting his mortal body, we will sing the triumphal hymn to the hero. Chorus III Our lush forests give us breath, With their sweet, subtle fragrance; And from the valley, the green flowery plain, An energetic impulse of youthful ardour. From the dear fatherland, the glories will be an immense light and warmth that sustains life, and in it, when taking our last breath, we will look at death with deep pleasure. Chorus IV Glory, honour to the fatherland that, beloved, gave us All that is gratifying to mortal life: glory, honour to the earth, blessed and beautiful, that aspires an ideal to the highest glory If its spotless name shone everywhere, like a radiant star of precious brilliance; for it we swear like brave fighters; yes, we swear to win or die for it. Chorus
Although Fernández Ferraz's composition had literary merit, its language was somewhat too elevated to take root in the people,[2] in addition to not adapting well to the music of the anthem, and adjustments had to be made to the original score by maestro Gutiérrez. All of this led to a decision to replace Fernández Ferraz's lyrics with new lyrics, for which a public contest was held in 1903. The contest was won by a composition by José María Zeledón Brenes, presented under the pseudonym "El Labrador". Zeledón Brenes was declared the winner on 24 August, and his lyrics were first sung publicly on 15 September.[2]
Zeledón Brenes's lyrics, with minor changes, are the current lyrics of the national anthem of Costa Rica. They were officially adopted on 10 June 1949 by the Founding Junta of the Second Republic with decree number 551:[10]
¡Noble patria!, tu hermosa bandera expresión de tu vida nos da; bajo el límpido azul de tu cielo blanca y pura descansa la paz. En la lucha tenaz, de fecunda labor, que enrojece del hombre la faz; conquistaron tus hijos, labriegos sencillos, 𝄆 eterno prestigio, estima y honor. 𝄇 ¡Salve, oh tierra gentil! ¡Salve, oh madre de amor! Cuando alguno pretenda tu gloria manchar, verás a tu pueblo, valiente y viril, la tosca herramienta en arma trocar. ¡Salve, oh patria!, tu pródigo suelo dulce abrigo y sustento nos da; bajo el límpido azul de tu cielo, ¡vivan siempre el trabajo y la paz!
Noble fatherland! Your beautiful flag shows us the expression of your life; under the limpid blue of your sky, white and pure, rests peace. In the tenacious struggle, of fecund labour, that reddens the man's face; your children, simple farmhands, conquered 𝄆 eternal prestige, esteem and honour. 𝄇 Hail, oh gentle land! Hail, oh mother of love! When someone intends to tarnish your glory, you will see your people, brave and virile, the rustic tool into a weapon transform. Hail, oh fatherland! Your prodigal soil gives us sweet warmth and sustenance; under the limpid blue of your sky, may work and peace always live!
In Zeledón's original wording, the first stanza read:
Costa Rica tu hermosa bandera expresión de tu vida nos da; Bajo el manto azul de tu cielo blanca y pura descansa la paz.
Costa Rica, your beautiful flag gives us expression of your life; under the blue cloak of your sky, white and pure, rests peace.
And the last:
¡Salve, oh patria!, tu pródigo suelo dulce abrigo y sustento nos da; Bajo el límpido azul de tu cielo, ¡blanca y pura descansa la paz!
Hail, oh fatherland! Your prodigal soil gives us sweet shelter and sustenance; under the limpid blue of your sky, white and pure, rests peace!
{{cite book}}
|website=
Ruta Provincial 8 Buenos Aires, Argentina Estación General Paz en la RP 8. Datos de la rutaNombre anterior Ruta Nacional 8Identificador RP 8 Tipo Ruta provincialLongitud 45 kmOtros datosPartidos General San MartínJosé C. PazMalvinas ArgentinasPilarSan MiguelTres de FebreroIntersecciones en Villa Lynch en Loma Hermosa en Campo de Mayo en Grand Bourg en General Rodríguez en Del Viso en PilarOrientación • Sudeste RN A001 en Villa Lynch (34°35′20.9″S 58°…
Statistical ratio; proportion of a working age population that is employed The neutrality of this article is disputed. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met. (October 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) U.S. unemployment rate and employment to population ratio (EM ratio) Wage share and employment rate in the US The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development defines t…
Chemistry of oceans and seas Marine chemist redirects here. For the National Fire Protection Association professional certification, see Confined space § Entry certification. Total Molar Composition of Seawater (Salinity = 35)[1] Component Concentration (mol/kg) H2O 53.6 Cl− 0.546 Na+ 0.469 Mg2+ 0.0528 SO2−4 0.0282 Ca2+ 0.0103 K+ 0.0102 CT 0.00206 Br− 0.000844 BT (total boron) 0.000416 Sr2+ 0.000091 F− 0.000068 Marine chemistry, also known as ocean chemistry or chemical oce…
Academic journalCivil War HistoryDisciplineHistoryLanguageEnglishEdited byBrian Craig MillerPublication detailsHistoryEstablished 1955; transferred to Kent State Univ Press in 1968PublisherKent State University Press (United States)FrequencyquarterlyOpen accessNoStandard abbreviationsISO 4 (alt) · Bluebook (alt1 · alt2)NLM (alt) · MathSciNet (alt )ISO 4Civ. War Hist.IndexingCODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) ·…
H.Innayatullah Wakil Bupati Musi Rawas Utara ke-2PetahanaMulai menjabat 26 Februari 2021PresidenJoko WidodoGubernurHerman DeruBupatiDevi SuhartoniPendahuluDevi Suhartoni Informasi pribadiLahir31 Januari 1976 (umur 47)Muara Rupit, Sumatera SelatanKebangsaanIndonesiaPartai politik NasDemSuami/istriDesi Tri AnggerainiAnak6Alma materSTAI Bumi Silampari LubuklinggauPekerjaanBirokrat, PolitikusSunting kotak info • L • B H. Innayatullah (lahir 31 Januari 1976) adal…
P&O Nedlloyd P&O Nedlloyd Atividade Shipping Sede Rotterdam Área(s) servida(s) Worldwide Antecessora(s) Nedlloyd Website oficial www.ponl.com Containers com as marcas das empresas Zeelandia at New York Zeelandia absorvido pelos Norte-Americanos durante a guerra P&O Nedlloyd Container Line Limited foi uma empresa anglo-holandeza de navegação própria especializada em transporte de containers e logística com sedes em Londres e Roterdã. As ações da empresa Royal P&O Nedlloyd …
DadamainoDadamainoNaissance 2 octobre 1930Milan, ItalieDécès 13 avril 2004 (à 73 ans)Milan, ItalieNationalité ItalienneActivité Artiste peintreLieu de travail Milan (1950-2003)modifier - modifier le code - modifier Wikidata Eduarda Emilia Maino, connue sous le pseudonyme Dadamaino (née le 2 octobre 1930 à Milan et morte le 13 avril 2004 (à 73 ans) dans la même ville) est une artiste italienne, figure de l'avant-garde milanaise des années 1960. Biographie Dadamaino commence sa…
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (يونيو 2021) الطريق الأوروبي E67 البلد فنلندا إستونيا لاتفيا ليتوانيا بولندا التشيك تعديل مصدري - تعديل الطريق الأوروبي E67 هو طريق من شبكة الطرق الأوروبية الد…
Bahasa Ahom
2023年供应法令Supply Bill 2023 马来西亚国会一项将从统一基金中提取一笔款项用于2023年的服务,并从该笔款项中提取该笔款项用于该年的服务的法令。(An Act to apply a sum from the Consolidated Fund for the service of the year 2023 and to appropriate that sum for the service of that year.)引稱Bill D.R.2/2023地域範圍马来西亚制定機關下议院制定日期2023年2月21日[1]制定機關上议院簽署人苏丹阿都拉陛下(…
هذه قائمة سفراء وممثلي ومندوبي منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية والسلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية (لاحقًا دولة فلسطين) لدى الدول والمنظمات والهيئات العالمية: السفراء حسب القارة آسيا الدولة المُضيفة الاسم صورة مستوى التمثيل تاريخ الاعتماد الدبلوماسي ملاحظات مراجع الإمارات العربية ا
Муніципальний стадіон Повна назва Stadium municipal de Toulouse Країна Франція[1] Розташування Тулуза, Франція Координати 43°34′59″ пн. ш. 1°26′03″ сх. д. / 43.58306° пн. ш. 1.43417° сх. д. / 43.58306; 1.43417 Побудовано 1937 Відкрито 1949 Реконструйовано 1998 Власник місто …
Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber: Bhayangkara Kepala – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR Bhayangkara Kepala (BHARAKA) Pangkat Polisi Dan Tentara Indonesia Sekarang (Dulu) Perwira Jenderal Polisi Jenderal Polisi Komisaris Jen…
Het Sint-Jozefcollege van de Jezuïeten te Turnhout, opgericht 1845 Het Amerikaans College te Leuven, opgericht 1857 Beeldhouwwerk van een Noord-Amerikaans stamhoofd verwerkt in de gevel van het Amerikaans College Tipi's van de Native-American Blackfoot, 1900 Potawatomi-weesmeisjes op de missiepost Saint Mary, Kansas, 1867 Haarendael in Haaren (Noord-Brabant), voorheen het grootseminarie van Den Bosch, opgericht in 1839 De Loyola-universiteit van Chicago, 1915 Saint Louis Cathedral, New Orleans …
Stuttgarter Zeitung Beschreibung deutsche Tageszeitung Verlag Stuttgarter Zeitung Verlagsgesellschaft mbH Erstausgabe 18. September 1945 Erscheinungsweise täglich außer sonntags Verkaufte Auflage 162.876[1] Exemplare (IVW 3/2023, Mo–Sa) Reichweite 0,49 Mio. Leser (MA 2017 II) Chefredakteur Joachim Dorfs Geschäftsführer Herbert Dachs, Alexander Paasch Weblink stuttgarter-zeitung.de Die Stuttgarter Zeitung (StZ) ist eine in Stuttgart erscheinende Tageszeitung. Ihr Verbr…
Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus. Cet article a besoin d’être illustré (en discuter) (juin 2021). Pour améliorer cet article, des médias (images, animations, vidéos, sons) sous licence libre ou du domaine public sont les bienvenus. Si vous êtes l’auteur d’un média que vous souhaitez partager, importez-le. Si vous n’êtes pas l’auteur, vous pouvez néanmoins faire une demande de libération d’image à son auteur. Les marchands cana…
American politician and businessman (born 1945) David ScottRanking Member of the House Agriculture CommitteeIncumbentAssumed office January 3, 2023Preceded byGlenn ThompsonChair of the House Agriculture CommitteeIn officeJanuary 3, 2021 – January 3, 2023Preceded byCollin PetersonSucceeded byGlenn ThompsonMember of the U.S. House of Representativesfrom Georgia's 13th districtIncumbentAssumed office January 3, 2003Preceded byConstituency establishedMember of the Geor…
1924 film by Wallace Worsley The Man Who Fights AloneDirected byWallace WorsleyWritten byJack Cunningham (screenplay)Based onThe Miracle of Hateby William Blacke and James Shelley HamiltonProduced byAdolph ZukorJesse LaskyStarringWilliam FarnumLois WilsonCinematographyL. Guy WilkyDistributed byParamount PicturesRelease date September 15, 1924 (1924-09-15) Running time70 minutesCountryUnited StatesLanguageSilent (English intertitles) The Man Who Fights Alone is a 1924 American sile…
Bathymetry of Bay of Bengal, with the submarine Bengal fan and submarine Swatch of No Ground Canyon Swatch of No Ground redirects here. For the marine wildlife sanctuary at the same place, see Swatch of No Ground Marine Protected Area. The Bengal Fan, also known as the Ganges Fan, is the largest submarine fan on Earth. Geography It is located in the Bay of Bengal, being about 3,000 km (1,900 mi) long, 1,430 km (890 mi) wide with a maximum thickness of 16.5 km (10.3 …
This article is about the 1957 unit on Holloman Air Force Base and its predecessors. For the 1962 Project Blue Fly organization at Holloman to obtain downed Soviet hardware...for technical analysis[1], see Foreign Technology Division. Air Force Missile Development CenterAir Force Missile Development Center sign in 1958Active1 September 1957[2]-1 August 1970[3]CountryUnited StatesBranchUnited States Air Force, assigned to: Air Force Systems Command, 1 April 1961 Air Resear…
Lokasi Pengunjung: 18.216.6.100