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May 1963
May 1, 1963 (Wednesday)
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May 3, 1963 (Friday)
May 4, 1963 (Saturday)
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May 15, 1963: L. Gordon Cooper becomes last Mercury astronaut to go into space
May 4, 1963: Civil rights protesters dispersed in Birmingham, Alabama
May 18, 1963: Sukarno named "President for Life" of Indonesia
The following events occurred in
May 1963
:
May 1
, 1963 (Wednesday)
American mountaineer
Jim Whittaker
and Sherpa guide
Nawang Gombu
became the fifth and sixth people to successfully reach the top of
Mount Everest
, following
Edmund Hillary
and
Tenzing Norgay
(May 29, 1953), and
Ernst Reiss
and
Fritz Luchsinger
(May 18, 1957). Whittaker, a 32-year-old resident of
Redmond, Washington
, became the first American to accomplish the feat.
[1]
[2]
McDonnell Aircraft Corporation
began tests to qualify the "
attitude control
and maneuver electronics" (ACME) system for the
Gemini spacecraft
, after completing development testing. The subject of the qualification tests was the first production prototype ACME unit received from
Minneapolis-Honeywell
.
[3]
West New Guinea
, the
last remaining Netherlands possession
in what had been the Dutch East Indies, was formally transferred to Indonesian control by the United Nations in ceremonies at Hollandia. The Indonesians renamed the territory
West Irian
, and Hollandia was renamed
Kotabaru
.
[4]
Former
U.S. Vice-President
(and future
President
)
Richard M. Nixon
continued his retirement from politics with the announcement that he would join the New York City law firm of Mudge, Stern, Baldwin & Todd on June 1.
[5]
Sir Winston Churchill
announced his retirement from politics at the age of 88, for reasons of health. He pledged that he would remain an M.P. until Parliament was dissolved but would not stand for re-election.
[6]
Died:
Lope K. Santos
, 83, Filipino writer and politician
May 2
, 1963 (Thursday)
Hundreds of
African Americans
, including children, were arrested during the
Birmingham campaign
as they set out from the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church in
Birmingham, Alabama
, to protest segregation.
[7]
There were 959 people taken on the first day. Two days later, Public Safety Commissioner
Eugene "Bull" Connor
would order the use of dogs and fire hoses to repel new demonstrators, images of which were picked up by news media around the world.
[8]
Near
Cuxhaven
in
West Germany
,
Berthold Seliger
launched a three-stage rocket with a maximum flight altitude of more than 62 miles (100 km). This was the only
sounding rocket
developed in Germany.
Died:
Jack A. Bade
, 42, American
World War II
flying ace and test pilot, was killed in the mid-air collision of two
F-105 Thunderchiefs
over the
Catskill Mountains
in New York. The other pilot, Don Seaver, was also killed.
[9]
May 3
, 1963 (Friday)
In
Brazil
, 37 of the 50 people on a
Cruzeiro do Sul
airliner were killed as the
Convair CV-340
was attempting to return to
São Paulo
shortly after its takeoff from the
Congonhas Airport
. The plane had been bound for
Rio de Janeiro
but its right engine caught fire. In its final approach to the runway, the aircraft nosed up to a 45-degree angle, stalled and struck a house on the Avenida Piassang.
[10]
[11]
Development testing of the Gemini Agena Model 8247 main engine at
Arnold Engineering Development Center
(AEDC) began, with an objective of verifying the engine's ability to start at least five times. Two major problems, turbine overspeed and
gas generator
valve failure in high temperature operations, were found.
[3]
Condingup
,
Western Australia
, was declared a townsite.
[12]
May 4
, 1963 (Saturday)
All 55 people on an
Air Afrique
airliner died when the
Douglas DC-6
crashed into
Mount Cameroon
less than half an hour after takeoff from
Douala
in
Cameroon
, bound for
Lagos
in
Nigeria
. Blame for the accident was placed on the pilot's decision to descend from 16,500 feet (5,000 m) to 6,500 feet (2,000 m) while flying toward the 13,250-foot (4,040 m) high mountain.
[13]
One passenger, a U.S. diplomatic courier, initially survived the crash,
[14]
but would die of his injuries on May 10.
[15]
New York Governor
Nelson Rockefeller
secretly married his girlfriend,
Margaretta "Happy" Murphy
, despite being advised that his remarriage, after divorcing the year before, would hurt his chances for the Republican Party nomination for the U.S. presidency.
[16]
Television comedian
Carol Burnett
, 28, married television producer
Joe Hamilton
in a ceremony in Juarez, Mexico, on the same day, after Hamilton had obtained "a quickie Mexican divorce".
[17]
The sinking of a motor launch on the
Nile River
drowned more than 185 people in Egypt, nearly all of them Muslim pilgrims who were beginning the journey to Mecca from the city of
Maghagha
. The boat's capacity was only 80 people, but more than 200 people crowded on board to make the trip. Among the 15 people who survived were the boat's captain, its owner and its conductor, who were all jailed while the matter was investigated.
[18]
Police used high-pressure water hoses and police dogs to disperse a crowd of more than 1,000 African-American protesters in
Birmingham, Alabama
.
[19]
A fire at the Le Monde Theater in
Diourbel
,
Senegal
, killed 64 people.
Died:
Dickey Kerr
, 69, American baseball pitcher for the Chicago White Sox, praised later for remaining honest during the corrupt
Black Sox Scandal
in 1919.
May 5
, 1963 (Sunday)
After 18 years of denial, the Soviet Union confirmed that it had recovered and identified the burned remains of
Adolf Hitler
on April 30, 1945.
[20]
Marshal
Vasily Sokolovsky
, the Chief of Operations during the
Battle of Berlin
, publicly disclosed the details to American researcher
Cornelius Ryan
and allowed him unprecedented access to classified documents, and allowed him and English historian
John Erickson
to interview fifty top-ranking officials. Sokolovsky told Ryan, "You should be informed that the Soviet Union officially regards
Hitler as dead
." Previously, the official Soviet position had been that of the Soviet commander,
Georgy Zhukov
, who had said, "We have found no body definitely identified as Hitler's. For all we know,
he may be in Spain or Argentina
."
Celebrations were held in the city of
Huế
in
South Vietnam
, to honor the ordination of
Ngo Dinh Thuc
, elder brother of President
Ngo Dinh Diem
, as the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Huế. In advance of the event, the President decreed that religious banners could not be displayed above the national flag, a rule that would lead to tragedy at a Buddhist celebration three days later.
NASA
awarded a $6,700,000 contract to
North American Aviation
for the Paraglider Landing System Program, intended to allow NASA
spacecraft
to come down on land rather than splashing down at sea. The final contract would be completed on September 25.
[3]
The
4th Pan American Games
drew to a close in São Paulo, Brazil.
Born:
Kimiyasu Kudō
, former Japanese professional baseball pitcher and manager; in
Nagoya City
[
citation needed
]
May 6
, 1963 (Monday)
Graduate student Beverly Samans, 23, became the tenth murder victim of
Albert DeSalvo
. Unlike the first nine
Boston Strangler
victims, Samans was stabbed repeatedly, although he repeated his
modus operandi
of strangling a woman with her own stocking.
[21]
Her body would be discovered three days later.
[22]
Notable civil rights activist and comedian
Dick Gregory
was beaten and jailed by police while participating in the
Birmingham campaign
.
[23]
The Gemini Program Planning Board approved the
Air Force Systems Command
development plan for the Gemini/
Titan II
improvement program.
[3]
The
Limitation Bill
came before the UK parliament to amend the statute of limitations. The resulting act would not be fully repealed until 1980.
Timothy Leary
was dismissed from his post at
Harvard University
for failing to carry out his duties.
Born:
Alessandra Ferri
, Italian ballerina; in
Milan
Died:
Theodore von Kármán
, 81, Hungarian mathematician, engineer and physicist
Ted Weems
, 61, American bandleader; of emphysema
Monty Woolley
, 75, American actor
May 7
, 1963 (Tuesday)
The
communications satellite
Telstar II
was launched into Earth orbit to replace the first
Telstar
satellite
, which had stopped functioning on February 21 because of damage by the
Van Allen radiation belts
. As with the first Telstar, the satellite amplified the signals that it was receiving from ground station transmitters.
[24]
Aerojet-General
delivered the first flight engines for the Gemini 1 rocket to
Martin-Baltimore
. Tests were completed May 27.
[3]
Died:
Max Miller
, 68, Stand-up comedian
[25]
May 8
, 1963 (Wednesday)
The
Hue Vesak shootings
took place when soldiers of the
Army of the Republic of Vietnam
(ARVN) shot and killed eight people while firing on Buddhists who had defied a ban on the flying of the
Buddhist flag
on
Vesak
, the birthday of
Gautama Buddha
. Earlier, South Vietnam's President
Ngo Dinh Diem
allowed the flying of the
Vatican flag
, symbolic of Roman Catholicism, in honor of his brother, Archbishop
Ngo Dinh Thuc
.
[26]
The
James Bond
film,
Dr. No
, premiered in the United States. The film had been seen in Europe since its premiere in London on
October 5, 1962
.
[27]
CVS Pharmacy
, originally named the Consumer Value Stores from 1963 to 1969, was founded in
Lowell, Massachusetts
.
[28]
Born:
Anthony Field
, Australian musician, leader of
The Wiggles
; in
Kellyville, New South Wales
May 9
, 1963 (Thursday)
Testing of the Gemini parachute recovery system began at
El Centro, California
, as a welded steel mock-up of the
Gemini reentry section
was dropped from a
C-130
aircraft at 20,000 feet (6,100 m) to duplicate dynamic pressure and altitude at which actual spacecraft recovery would be initiated. The main problem, parachute tucking (which had appeared to be resolved earlier) recurred in two drops and the Gemini Project Office would suspend testing until the condition could be corrected. Qualification testing resumed August 8.
[3]
After the first six attempts at a successful launch of the MIDAS (
Missile Defense Alarm System
) satellite failed,
MIDAS 7
was successfully placed into a
polar orbit
. During the first three years of attempts, three satellites failed to reach orbit, while the other three suffered power failures.
MIDAS 7
would operate for 47 days and would detect nine Soviet missile launches.
[29]
The
1963 Cannes Film Festival
opened.
May 10
, 1963 (Friday)
A settlement was reached between the
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
(SCLC) and the leading business owners of
Birmingham, Alabama
, with the SCLC agreeing to call off its boycott of local retailers, who in return "agreed to desegregate lunch counters, rest rooms, fitting rooms and drinking fountains" and to hire more African-Americans for sales and clerical jobs.
[30]
Author
Maurice Sendak
, working on his first book for children, made the decision to abandon his original title,
Where the Wild Horses Are
, after concluding that horses were too difficult to draw, and changed the characters in the book to friendly monsters. The book,
Where the Wild Things Are
, would become a
Caldecott Medal
winning bestseller and launch Sendak's career.
[31]
Born:
Sławomir Skrzypek
, Polish financier; in
Katowice
(killed in
plane crash
, 2010)
Died:
Eugene "Big Daddy" Lipscomb
, 31, American NFL player for the Pittsburgh Steelers; of a heroin overdose
Léonce Crenier
, 74, French Catholic monk who promoted the theological/political concept of
Precarity
May 11
, 1963 (Saturday)
Canada's new Prime Minister,
Lester B. Pearson
, agreed to allow American nuclear weapons to be placed in Canada, following a two-day meeting with U.S. President
John F. Kennedy
at the President's private estate in
Hyannis Port, Massachusetts
.
[32]
Born:
Natasha Richardson
, English actress, daughter of
Vanessa Redgrave
and
Tony Richardson
(d. 2009); in
Marylebone
Died:
Herbert Spencer Gasser
, 74, American neurophysiologist and 1944 Nobel Prize laureate
May 12
, 1963 (Sunday)
Dr.
Charles A. Berry
, chief medical officer of the
Manned Spacecraft Center
(MSC), cleared
Gordon Cooper
as being in excellent mental and physical condition for the upcoming
Mercury 9
mission.
[33]
The first of 1,020 members of the news media from the U.S. and other nations began arriving at
Cape Canaveral
the same day to cover Cooper's mission.
[33]
Scheduled to make his nationwide television debut on
The Ed Sullivan Show
, folk singer
Bob Dylan
refused to perform after censors at the CBS network would not clear him to sing "
Talkin' John Birch Paranoid Blues
". Dylan would go on to greater fame, singing with
Joan Baez
in
August
during the "
March on Washington
".
[34]
[35]
Kenji Kimihara
of Japan won the
Lake Biwa Marathon
, Japan's oldest annual marathon race.
[36]
May 13
, 1963 (Monday)
The U.S. Supreme Court decided the case of
Brady v. Maryland
, setting the principle that in before trial in a criminal case, the prosecution disclose any
exculpatory evidence
(which might exonerate the defendant) to the defense team. Named for accused killer John Leo Brady, the "
Brady disclosure
" is now a requirement for prosecutors. Brady, who had been sentenced to death in the original 1958 case, would be afforded a new trial, resulting in a sentence of life imprisonment, from which he would eventually be paroled.
[37]
A
smallpox
outbreak was first detected in
Stockholm
in
Sweden
and would not be under control until July.
The comic strip
Modesty Blaise
made its debut in England as part of the
Evening Standard
of London.
[38]
May 14
, 1963 (Tuesday)
The scheduled launch of Mercury 9 was halted after the countdown had reached T-60 minutes, because of difficulty in the fuel pump of the diesel engine that would pull the gantry away during liftoff. After a delay of more than two hours for repairs, countdown resumed but was halted again at T-13 minutes, when the
Bermuda
tracking station reported a failure of a computer converter important in the orbital insertion decision, forcing the launch to be scrubbed. At 6:00 p.m. local time, MSC's
Walter C. Williams
reported that the Bermuda equipment had been repaired, and the launch was rescheduled for the next day.
[33]
In Denmark, the
Frederick IX Bridge
was officially opened, spanning the Guldborgsund strait between the islands of Falster and Lolland.
The Rolling Stones
signed their first recording contract, after talent scout
Dick Rowe
asked them to audition for
Decca Records
.
[39]
The new office of
Parliamentary Secretary
was created in the Canadian government.
Kuwait
became the 111th member of the
United Nations
, over the objections of
Iraq
.
Died:
Harold Stanley
, 77, American businessman and one of the founders of
Morgan Stanley
in 1935
[40]
May 15
, 1963 (Wednesday)
May 15, 1963: Gordon Cooper leaves transfer van at launchpad
At 8:04 a.m. at (1304 UTC),
NASA
launched
Mercury 9
from Cape Canaveral, with
astronaut
L. Gordon Cooper
in the capsule designated
Faith 7
. Cooper's 22-orbit mission was the last for the
Mercury program
. Cooper entered the spacecraft at 5:33 a.m. (1033 UTC) for an 8:00 launch, and took a brief nap while awaiting liftoff. At T-minus 11 minutes and 30 seconds the countdown was halted for a problem in the guidance equipment, and another hold was called at T-0:19 to determine whether automatic sequencing was working. Liftoff happened four minutes after the original time, and visual tracking was possible for two minutes.
[33]
[41]
Five minutes after liftoff at 8:09 a.m.,
Faith 7
was inserted into an orbit that ranged from 100.2 miles (161.3 km) to 165.9 miles (267.0 km) above the Earth and reached a maximum orbital speed of 17,546.6 miles per hour (28,238.5 km/h). Temperatures inside the capsule ranged from 92 °F (33 °C) to 109 °F (43 °C), uncomfortable but tolerable, before cooling down. During his third orbit, Cooper became the first human to launch an object (the beacon) from an orbiting spacecraft. Cooper was able to see the flashing beacon on the night side of the fourth orbit.
[33]
[41]
Housewife
Jean Nidetch
founded the
Weight Watchers
company, with the first meeting held at a loft above a movie theater in
Little Neck
, a neighborhood in the New York City borough of
Queens
.
[42]
May 16
, 1963 (Thursday)
May 16, 1963: Gordon Cooper inside
Faith 7
aboard carrier USS
Kearsarge
Astronaut Gordon Cooper returned to Earth safely after making 22 orbits and traveling 546,167 miles (878,971 km) in the
Faith 7
capsule. During reentry operation, Cooper fired the
retrorockets
manually and attained the proper re-entry attitude by using his observation window scribe marks to give proper reference with the horizon and to determine if he were rolling. From the command ship in the Pacific Ocean off the Japanese coast,
John Glenn
advised Cooper when to jettison the retropack. The main chute deployed at 11,000 feet (3,400 m).
Faith 7
splashed down 7,000 yards (6,400 m) from the prime recovery ship,
USS
Kearsarge
(CV-33)
, at 2323 UTC after 34 hours, 19 minutes, and 49 seconds in
space flight
.
[33]
[43]
[44]
Died:
Oleg Penkovsky
, 44, formerly a Soviet Army colonel and spy, was executed five days after being sentenced to death by a military tribunal for passing secrets to the United States and the United Kingdom.
[45]
May 17
, 1963 (Friday)
A U.S. Army OH-23 helicopter with two men on board, Captains Ben W. Stutts and Charleton W. Voltz, was shot down by
North Korean
ground forces after straying north of the Demilitarized Zone.
[46]
The two men would be freed, after 365 days of imprisonment, on May 16, 1964, following the United Nations Command agreeing to sign a statement that Stutts and Voltz had committed espionage. North Korea declined to return the helicopter.
[47]
[48]
Challenger
Bruno Sammartino
faced champion
Buddy Rogers
of the World Wide Wrestling Federation (now
WWE
) in a professional wrestling match at New York's Madison Square Garden. Sammartino, using his signature move, "the Italian backbreaker", defeated Rogers in only 48 seconds, and would reign as the WWWF champion for the next eight years.
[49]
May 18
, 1963 (Saturday)
An accident killed 27 people, 12 of them children, who all drowned when their bus they were on was sideswiped by a passing pickup truck, and plunged into the 16-foot (4.9 m) deep
Hillsboro Canal
near
Belle Glade, Florida
.
[50]
Only the driver and 14 people survived. The victims were African-American farm laborers and their families, on their way home from a day of work of harvesting beans at the Kirchman Brothers Farm.
[51]
Rocketdyne
successfully tested a 25-pound-force (110 N) thrust chamber assembly (TCA) for the Gemini reentry control system. The development of a suitable ablative thrust chamber, however, remained a major problem, and testing was incomplete. Rocketdyne was already three months late in delivering TCA hardware to McDonnell, and completion of testing took three months longer than predicted.
[3]
Sukarno
(sometimes referred to as Ahmed Sukarno) was named as
President for Life
of
Indonesia
. Sukarno, who had ruled since 1945, would serve for another four years before being deposed, and would spend the rest of his life afterward under house arrest, dying on June 21, 1970.
[52]
Died:
Ernie Davis
, 23, African-American football star who won the
1961 Heisman Trophy
at Syracuse University; of
leukemia
. He had been diagnosed after signing with the NFL's Cleveland Browns.
May 19
, 1963 (Sunday)
Astronaut Gordon Cooper appeared at a national televised
press conference
to answer questions about the Mercury 9 mission. During the flight, he had seen the haze layer previously reported by
Wally Schirra
of
Mercury 8
and John Glenn's "fireflies" seen on
Mercury 6
. Cooper's most astonishing revelation was his ability visually to distinguish objects on the earth, including an African town where the flashing light experiment was conducted; several Australian cities including large oil refineries at
Perth
; and wisps of smoke from rural houses in Asia. At the same conference, Dr.
Robert C. Seamans
said that a
Mercury 10
flight was "quite unlikely."
[33]
British driver
Bob Anderson
won the
1963 Rome Grand Prix
.
May 20
, 1963 (Monday)
Petrosian
Tigran Petrosian
won the
World Chess Championship
, defeating fellow Soviet grandmaster and world champion
Mikhail Botvinnik
,
12
+
1
⁄
2
to
9
+
1
⁄
2
, to win the match after 22 games. Under the rules, Petrosian's five wins (worth one point each) and 15 draws (
1
⁄
2
point each) brought him to
12
+
1
⁄
2
points first to win the series.
[53]
African-American civil rights activist
Medgar Evers
went on the air on the WLBT-TV News in
Jackson, Mississippi
, to deliver an editorial in favor of integration and civil rights. WLBT allowed the unprecedented use of its airtime after pressure from the Federal Communications Commission to permit a response to segregationists. Evers would be murdered at his home three weeks later, on
June 12
.
[54]
The members of
NASA Astronaut Group 2
completed a
zero-gravity
indoctrination program at
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base
near
Dayton, Ohio
, in a modified
KC-135
aircraft which carried the astronauts on two flights each. Each flight included 20
zero-gravity parabolas
, each lasting 30 seconds.
[3]
The
Dutch Wonderland
Family Amusement Park was opened by potato broker Earl Clark opened near
Lancaster, Pennsylvania
.
[55]
Born:
David Wells
, American baseball player; in
Torrance, California
May 21
, 1963 (Tuesday)
President Shazar
Zalman Shazar
was
elected by the Knesset
as the third
President of Israel
, winning 67–33 over
Peretz Bernstein
. As with the first two Presidents of Israel (
Chaim Weizmann
and
Yitzhak Ben-Zvi
), Shazar was a native of Russia. He had been born as Shneur Zalman Rubashov in
Mir
, now part of
Belarus
.
[56]
Representatives of NASA, the U.S. Air Force Space Systems Division, and
Lockheed
established new rules for revising Agena development and delivery schedules, moving the
Agena target vehicle
rendezvous to
April 1965
, more than seven months after the original date. The first Atlas target launch vehicle was to be delivered in
December 1964
, and the Agena was to be delivered in
January 1965
.
[3]
MSC began the Gemini
atmospheric reentry
simulation study to evaluate manual control of the Gemini spacecraft during reentry, before beginning the
centrifuge
program to be conducted at
Naval Air Development Center
.
[3]
Born:
Kevin Shields
, American-born Irish musician, singer-songwriter, composer and producer, best known as the vocalist and guitarist of the band
My Bloody Valentine
; in
Queens
[57]
May 22
, 1963 (Wednesday)
Greek anti-Fascist politician
Grigoris Lambrakis
was assassinated shortly after delivering the keynote speech at an anti-war meeting in
Thessaloniki
. Lambrakis was run down by a
trikyklo
(a three-wheeled delivery truck) and then clubbed to death by hired killers. He suffered brain injuries and died in the hospital five days later. The assassination would become the basis for a novel by
Vassilis Vassilikos
, which later was adapted to the 1969 film
Z
.
[58]
[59]
Lamar Hunt
, owner of the
American Football League
's champion, the
Dallas Texans
, moved the team to
Kansas City, Missouri
, where they would be renamed the
Kansas City Chiefs
. The AFL trustees approved the move a week later.
Born:
David Bloom
, American television journalist for
NBC News
, who died of a pulmonary embolism while covering the
Iraq War
(d. 2003); in
Edina, Minnesota
May 23
, 1963 (Thursday)
The first successful
interception of an orbiting satellite by a ground-based missile
took place as part of the American program, Project MUDFLAP. A Nike-Zeus missile, launched from
Kwajalein Atoll
, passed close enough to an orbiting
Lockheed Agena-D satellite
to have disabled it with an explosion. Seven other tests would be made, ending on January 13, 1966.
[60]
The prototype of the onboard
Gemini Guidance Computer
completed integration and was delivered by
International Business Machines Corporation
(IBM) to McDonnell Aircraft for further tests.
[3]
AS Monaco
won the
Coupe de France
soccer football competition, defeating
Olympique Lyonnais
2–0 at
Parc des Princes
.
May 24
, 1963 (Friday)
The
New York Journal-American
reported in a copyrighted story that NASA had revealed in a closed session of a congressional subcommittee that there had been five fatalities in the Soviet
cosmonaut
program, all of which had been covered up. According to the source, Serenty Shiborin had been the first man in space, launched in February 1959 and was "never heard of again after 28 minutes when the signals went dead". Other failed launches were said to have been
Piotr Dolgov
on October 11, 1960; Vassilievitch Zowodovsky in April 1961; and two persons, possibly a man and a woman, launched together on May 17, 1961.
[61]
Alexei Adzhubei, the editor of the newspaper
Izvestia
and the son-in-law of Soviet Premier
Nikita Khrushchev
, denied the reports of four of the five deaths in the newspaper's May 27 edition, saying that the people had been "technicians working on space equipment" and that two of them were still alive, although no denial was made about the alleged 1959 death of Siborin.
[62]
U.S. Attorney General
Robert F. Kennedy
invited
James Baldwin
and other
Black
leaders to discuss race relations at his apartment in Manhattan. The
turbulent meeting
gained wide publicity and had a significant impact on Kennedy.
[63]
[64]
Project Emily
ended in the UK as the last squadron of Thor nuclear missile stations, located at
RAF Hemswell
, was disbanded.
Born:
Michael Chabon
, American novelist (
The Mysteries of Pittsburgh
); in
Washington, D.C.
Died:
Elmore James
, 45, American blues musician; of a heart attack
May 25
, 1963 (Saturday)
At the track and field competition for six universities in what is now the
Pac-12 Conference
,
Phil Shinnick
jumped 27 feet 4 inches (8.33 m) in the long jump, 0.75 inches (19 mm) ahead of the world record set by
Igor Ter-Ovanesyan
, but "two officials, whose only duty was to place the wind gauge on the long jump runway and watch it to make sure the wind was blowing at less than the allowable limit, were not paying attention",
[65]
so the mark was not submitted as a world record.
The
Organization of African Unity
(OAU) was established in
Addis Ababa
,
Ethiopia
, by representatives from 32 African nations.
[66]
On July 9, 2002, the OAU, by then with 53 members, would be replaced by the
African Union
.
[67]
President
Antonio Segni
asked
Aldo Moro
to become the new
Prime Minister of Italy
.
[68]
Born:
Mike Myers
, Canadian comedian and TV and film actor known for
Wayne's World
,
Austin Powers
and
Shrek
series of films; in
Scarborough, Ontario
[69]
May 26
, 1963 (Sunday)
Less than two years after he had been released from years of imprisonment,
Jomo Kenyatta
was assured to become the first
Prime Minister of Kenya
when his
Kenya African National Union
won 83 of the 129 seats in the National Assembly in the
Kenyan national election
.
[70]
A rare case of two independent tornadic thunderstorms, near
Oklahoma City
, yielded data that would lead to the recognition of "a new stage in the development of thunderstorms: the severe/right-moving, or SR, stage".
[71]
Afghanistan
and
Pakistan
agreed to resume diplomatic relations that had been severed on
September 6, 1960
, following a conference between officials in
Tehran
at the invitation of the Shah of Iran.
[72]
The
1963 Monaco Grand Prix
was won by
Graham Hill
.
Born:
Mary Nightingale
, English newsreader and television presenter; in
Scarborough, North Yorkshire
Simon Armitage
, British poet, playwright and novelist; in
Huddersfield
May 27
, 1963 (Monday)
North American began testing the half-scale two test vehicle (HSTTV) for the Paraglider Landing System Program to investigate paraglider liftoff characteristics, helicopter tow techniques, and the effects of wind-bending during high-speed tows.
[3]
Columbia Records
released
The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan
, singer-songwriter
Bob Dylan
's second and most influential studio album, which opened with the song "
Blowin' in the Wind
".
Died:
Grigoris Lambrakis
, 50, Greek politician, physician and Olympic athlete, died five days after being attacked.
[59]
More than 500,000 people attended his funeral the next day and marched in protest against Greece's right-wing government.
[59]
May 28
, 1963 (Tuesday)
A
cyclone
killed 22,000 people in and around the city of
Comilla
in East Pakistan (now
Bangladesh
).
[73]
[74]
Winds as high as 150 miles per hour (240 km/h) ripped the countryside, and "the many offshore islands were literally swept clean of people";
[75]
Chittagong
and
Cox's Bazar
lost 5,000 people each, and waves were powerful enough to send ships 0.5 miles (0.80 km) inland, including four ocean liners.
Born:
Gavin Harrison
, British drummer; in
Harrow
Died:
Klaus Clusius
, 60, German physical chemist
May 29
, 1963 (Wednesday)
Titan II flight N-20, the 19th in the series of Air Force research and development flights, failed 55 seconds after liftoff from Cape Canaveral and yielded no data. The U.S. Air Force announced that no further Titan II development flights would carry the POGO fix, but the decision was reversed and POGO fix was flown again on Titan II flight N-25 and two later flights.
[3]
The vertical test facility (VTF) at Martin-Baltimore was activated with a 165-foot (50 m) tower and an adjacent three-story blockhouse with ground equipment similar to that used at NASA's
Complex 19
. After systems tests concluded, the launch vehicle was presented to the U.S. Air Force for acceptance.
[3]
On the 50th anniversary of its stormy premiere,
The Rite of Spring
was performed by the
London Symphony Orchestra
, conducted by 88-year-old
Pierre Monteux
at the
Royal Albert Hall
. The composer, 81-year-old
Igor Stravinsky
, was in the audience as an honored guest.
Jim Reeves
was welcomed to Ireland by show band singers Maisie McDaniel and Dermot O'Brien, at the start of his tour of Ireland, and conducted a week-long tour of U.S. military bases in England.
The
U.S. Department of Defense
submitted its report on the Mercury 9 mission.
[33]
Born:
Tom Burnett
, American businessman who was one of the passengers who fought with terrorists during the hijacking of
United Airlines Flight 93
during the
September 11 attacks
(d. 2001); in
Bloomington, Minnesota
[76]
Lisa Whelchel
, American TV actress and Contemporary Christian singer, best known as Blair Warner on
The Facts of Life
; in
Littlefield, Texas
Died:
Vissarion Shebalin
, 61, Soviet classical composer
May 30
, 1963 (Thursday)
More than 500 monks demonstrated in front of South Vietnam's National Assembly building
in
Saigon
, evading a ban on public assembly by hiring four buses and pulling the blinds down. It was the first open protest against President
Ngô Đình Diệm
's regime since he came into power eight years earlier.
The
Coca-Cola Company
publicly announced its first diet drink, "
TaB cola
", with "one calorie per six-ounce serving" made with
saccharin
instead of sugar.
[77]
Parnelli Jones
of the United States won the
1963 Indianapolis 500
, finishing 34 seconds ahead of
Jim Clark
of Scotland.
[78]
May 31
, 1963 (Friday)
The
ABC Theatre
, created by
Associated British Cinemas
, opened at the English seaside resort of
Blackpool, Lancashire
, beginning with the
Holiday Carnival
summer season stage show, starring
Cliff Richard
and
The Shadows
.
The USAF's
Winslow Air Force Station
in
Winslow, Arizona
, ceased operations.
Died:
Edith Hamilton
, 95, German-born American classical scholar best known for her authorship of
Mythology: Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes
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^
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^
"54 Killed Die as African Plane Hits Mountain; Report U.S. Courier Survives Crash".
Chicago Tribune
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^
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New York Daily News
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^
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Miami News
. May 5, 1963. p. 1.
^
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Miami News
. May 5, 1963. p. 1.
^
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Miami News
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^
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San Antonio Express
. May 9, 1963. p. 7A.
^
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"Dick Gregory among hundreds arrested; Bull Connor had jail built at state fairgrounds"
.
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. Retrieved
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^
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. p. 2-2.
^
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^
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^
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(University Press of Mississippi, 2000), p. 187.
^
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Newbery and Caldecott: Trivia and More for Every Day of the Year
(Libraries Unlimited, 2000), p. 45.
^
"U.S., Canada Agree on A-Weapons",
Miami News
, May 12, 1963, p. 1.
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b
c
d
e
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.
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. NASA Special Publication-4001.
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2023
.
^
"Television Is the 'American Timid Giant'
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. May 15, 1963. p. A10.
^
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(2011).
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.
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.
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"Course record in jeopardy at Lake Biwa Marathon? - Preview"
.
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. Retrieved
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.
[
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]
^
"E. Clinton Bamberger Jr., lawyer who won 'Brady rule' for criminal defendants, dies at 90", by Emily Langer,
The Washington Post
, February 18, 2017
^
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^
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^
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. May 15, 1963
. Retrieved
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.
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b
"We Fly Coop!"
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]
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.
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"Cooper Splashdown Perfect, Navigates Re-Entry Manually".
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
. May 17, 1963. p. 1.
^
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(1999).
This New Ocean: The Story of the First Space Age
.
Random House Digital
. p. 343.
^
Wallace, Robert; et al. (2008).
Spycraft: The Secret History of the CIA's Spytechs from Communism to Al-Qaeda
.
Penguin
. p. 31.
^
"Korean Reds Shoot Down U.S. Copter".
Miami News
. May 17, 1963. p. 1.
^
"Korean Reds Release Two U. S. Pilots".
Tucson Daily Citizen
.
Tucson, Arizona
. May 16, 1964. p. 1.
^
Downs, Chuck (1999).
Over the Line: North Korea's Negotiating Strategy
.
American Enterprise Institute
. pp. 112–113.
^
Sullivan, Kevin (2010).
The WWE Championship: A Look Back at the Rich History of the WWE Championship
.
Simon & Schuster
. p. 10.
^
Miller, Gene
(May 19, 1963). "27 Die as Bus Skids Into Canal".
Miami Herald
. p. 1.
^
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Miami News
. p. 1.
^
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An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945-1996
. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 701–703.
^
"History of the World Chess Championship: Botvinnik vs Petrosian 1963"
.
chessgames.com
.
^
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Only Connect: A Cultural History of Broadcasting in the United States
.
Cengage Learning
. p. 269.
^
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Amusement Parks of Pennsylvania
.
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. pp. 171–172.
^
"Israel Elects Russ-Born Zalman Shazar President".
Tucson Daily Citizen
.
Tucson, Arizona
. May 21, 1963. p. 1.
^
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.
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.
All Media Network
. Retrieved
10 November
2013
.
^
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.
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. p. 161.
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.
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. Retrieved
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.
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.
Government Printing Office
. p. 47.
^
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Miami News
. May 24, 1963. p. 1.
^
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. May 28, 1963. p. 1.
^
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"
.
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. May 25, 1963.
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.
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.
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. May 26, 1963
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^
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]
^
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[
dead link
]
^
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(University of Oklahoma Press, 2003) pp. 33-34.
^
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^
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. June 3, 1963. p. 1.
^
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^
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.
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.
^
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Arlington Heights (IL) Herald
, where the beverage was promoted as a substitute for cola in mixed drinks.
^
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Miami News
, May 31, 1963, p. 1C.
v
t
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