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May 1938
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The following events happened in
May 1938
:
May 1
, 1938 (Sunday)
Spanish Prime Minister
Juan Negrín
offered a thirteen-point peace proposal.
[1]
The
Battle of Xuzhou
ended in Japanese strategic victory.
Presidential elections
were held in
Colombia
.
Eduardo Santos
ran unopposed and received 100% of the vote.
May 2
, 1938 (Monday)
Louis Ferdinand
of the throneless
House of Hohenzollern
married
Kira Kirillovna
of the throneless
House of Romanov
in
Potsdam
.
[2]
The British House of Commons approved the Anglo-Italian deal of April 16.
[3]
Born:
King
Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho
, in
Morija
(d. 1996)
May 3
, 1938 (Tuesday)
Adolf Hitler
began a week-long state visit to Italy.
[4]
He was greeted by
Benito Mussolini
amid great ceremony.
[3]
Flossenbürg concentration camp
took in its first prisoners.
[5]
George VI
opened the
Empire Exhibition
in
Glasgow
.
[3]
Stanislav Kosior
was arrested by the Soviets.
[6]
The "
Box Office Poison
" article appeared in the
Independent Film Journal
, naming a number of movie stars who continued to draw high salaries despite making films that underperformed at the box office.
Greta Garbo
,
Marlene Dietrich
and
Mae West
were among those given the undesirable label.
May 4
, 1938 (Wednesday)
The
Nationalist faction
ordered the reinstatement of the
Society of Jesus
in Nationalist-held territory. The Jesuits had been ordered to dissolve and their property confiscated by the Spanish government in 1932.
[7]
Pope Pius XI
was quoted in
L'Osservatore Romano
as saying that it was a "sad thing" for "another cross that is not the cross of Christ" to be erected in Rome. This was understood as referring to the
swastikas
on display around the city in honour of Adolf Hitler's visit.
[8]
The French passenger steamer
Lafayette
caught on fire in
Le Havre
and was a total loss.
[9]
Born:
Tyrone Davis
, blues and soul singer, in
Greenville, Mississippi
(d. 2005)
Died:
Carl von Ossietzky
, 48, German journalist, political activist and Nobel laureate
May 5
, 1938 (Thursday)
Mussolini put on a grand naval review of over 200 warships in the
Gulf of Naples
to impress Hitler.
[10]
Born:
Jerzy Skolimowski
, filmmaker and actor, in
Łódź
, Poland
May 6
, 1938 (Friday)
The Soviet Union announced the appointment of Alexey Merekalov as the new Ambassador to Nazi Germany.
[11]
In the 1939 film
The Wizard of Oz
, the date on the death certificate of the
Wicked Witch of the East
is May 6, 1938. This was the 19th anniversary of the death of
L. Frank Baum
, the author of
The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
book, on May 6, 1919.
[12]
Born:
Larry Gogan
, broadcaster, in
Dublin
, Ireland (d. 2020);
Haryono Suyono
, Indonesian national Family Planning Coordination Body and the helper of 2nd president of Indonesia,
Soeharto
.
May 7
, 1938 (Saturday)
Ambassadors from Britain and France opened a discussion in
Prague
on Sudeten Germans. They advised Czechoslovakia to make greater concessions to ethnic Germans within its borders.
[5]
[13]
Nine high justices were dismissed from the
Austrian Supreme Court
and replaced with Nazis.
[14]
Lawrin
won the
Kentucky Derby
.
[15]
Salford
defeated
Barrow
7–4 to win rugby's
Challenge Cup
in front of 51,243 people at
Wembley Stadium
. It's the only Challenge Cup win in Salford's history.
[16]
[17]
May 8
, 1938 (Sunday)
Nazi-controlled authorities in Austria issued a warrant for the arrest of
Archduke Felix
, accusing him of stealing silverware and linen from the
Theresian Military Academy
where he was a cadet.
[18]
Olympique de Marseille
defeated
FC Metz
2–1 in the
Coupe de France Final
.
May 9
, 1938 (Monday)
Hitler ended his state visit to Italy with a day of sightseeing in
Florence
with Mussolini.
[19]
Archduke Albrecht Franz, Duke of Teschen
lost his place in the
House of Habsburg
for marrying a commoner.
[20]
An editorial in Mussolini's newspaper
Il Popolo d'Italia
fired back at the pope's recent statement by saying it was "very dangerous to speak of and wave the cross of Christ as if it were a weapon."
[8]
Tybee National Wildlife Refuge
was established in
Jasper County, South Carolina
by an executive order of President Roosevelt.
Born:
Wojciech Leśnikowski
, architect, in
Lublin
, Poland (d. 2014)
Died:
Thomas B. Thrige
, 72, Danish industrialist
May 10
, 1938 (Tuesday)
The Japanese began the
Amoy Operation
to blockade China.
An underground explosion at the Markham Colliery in
Duckmanton
, England killed 79 men.
[21]
May 11
, 1938 (Wednesday)
The Brazilian government suppressed an uprising by the Integralistam, an organization with connections to the German government that was strongly supported by ethnic Germans living in southern Brazil.
[4]
Portugal formally recognized
Francoist Spain
.
[22]
The
Rodgers and Hart
stage musical
I Married an Angel
premiered at the
Shubert Theatre
on Broadway.
[23]
Born:
Fritz-Albert Popp
, biophysicist, in
Frankfurt am Main
, Germany (d. 2018)
May 12
, 1938 (Thursday)
The
Amoy Operation
ended with Japanese control of
Amoy
.
Germany recognized
Manchukuo
.
[5]
Born:
Luana Anders
, actress, in New York City (d. 1996)
May 13
, 1938 (Friday)
Mexico severed diplomatic ties with Britain over London's demands for a settlement of claims arising from the Mexican nationalization of foreign-owned oil properties.
[24]
Born:
Francine Pascal
, author, in
Manhattan
,
New York
Died:
Charles Édouard Guillaume
, 77, Swiss physicist and Nobel laureate
May 14
, 1938 (Saturday)
Béla Imrédy
became
Prime Minister of Hungary
.
German tennis star
Gottfried von Cramm
was convicted of immorality and sentenced to one year in prison for homosexual relations with a Jew.
[25]
The swashbuckler film
The Adventures of Robin Hood
starring
Errol Flynn
,
Olivia de Havilland
,
Basil Rathbone
and
Claude Rains
was released.
Dauber
won the
Preakness Stakes
.
[26]
May 15
, 1938 (Sunday)
Paul-Henri Spaak
became
Prime Minister of Belgium
, the country's first socialist leader.
[5]
May 16
, 1938 (Monday)
The Vatican and the Francoist State made arrangements to exchange diplomatic representatives, completing the Vatican's formal recognition of Franco.
[27]
The
U.S. Supreme Court
decided
NLRB v. Mackay Radio & Telegraph Co.
Died:
Lewis Bayly
, 80, British admiral
May 17
, 1938 (Tuesday)
The
Eire (Confirmation of Agreements) Act
received
Royal Assent
.
The
Charing Cross (District line) tube crash
occurred, killing 6 people.
[3]
The
Naval Act of 1938
was enacted in the United States.
Half the city of
Cardiff
was sold for £20 million in the biggest property deal in British history. The property came from the estate of the
Marquess of Bute
.
[3]
The radio quiz show
Information Please
premiered on
NBC
.
Born:
Jason Bernard
, actor, in
Chicago
(d. 1996)
May 18
, 1938 (Wednesday)
A general election
was held in
South Africa
, won by the
United Party
.
Born:
Janet Fish
, Realist painter, in
Boston
,
Massachusetts
May 19
, 1938 (Thursday)
5,000 marched in an anti-Nazi demonstration through the streets of
Prague
.
[28]
May 20
, 1938 (Friday)
May Crisis
: Czechoslovakian President
Edvard Beneš
ordered a partial mobilization in reaction to reports of suspicious German troop movements.
[29]
The
Nuremberg Laws
went into effect in annexed Austria.
[30]
The Japanese captured
Xuzhou
.
[4]
The French playwrights
Henri Bernstein
and
Édouard Bourdet
fought an
épée
duel after feuding with each other for years.
Jean-Joseph Renaud
refereed the duel and declared Bernstein the winner after Bourdet was nicked in the arm.
[31]
May 21
, 1938 (Saturday)
In
Meridian, Mississippi
, the General Assembly of the
Presbyterian Church of the United States
voted 151–130 to omit a passage from the church code saying that "some men and angels are predestined unto everlasting life and others fore-ordained to everlasting death", and that their numbers could not be changed.
[32]
The
Bertolt Brecht
play
Fear and Misery of the Third Reich
premiered in Paris.
[33]
Died:
Silver King
, 70, American baseball player
May 22
, 1938 (Sunday)
British Foreign Secretary
Lord Halifax
told the French ambassador not to count on British support in the event of a war over Czechoslovakia.
[34]
Poland's ambassador also told French Foreign Secretary
Georges Bonnet
that Poland would not move if France moved against Germany to defend Czechoslovakia.
[35]
The
Stromboli
volcano in the
Tyrrhenian Sea
erupted spectacularly.
[3]
Born:
Richard Benjamin
, actor and director, in New York City
Died:
William Glackens
, 68, American painter
May 23
, 1938 (Monday)
The May Crisis passed when Germany denied any planned aggression against Czechoslovakia.
[5]
Rufus Franklin
,
Thomas R. Limerick
and
James C. Lucas
took part in the third documented escape attempt from
Alcatraz Prison
. A guard shot Limerick (who soon died) and Franklin and the escape attempt was foiled.
The
U.S. Supreme Court
decided
Johnson v. Zerbst
.
Died:
Thomas R. Limerick
, 36, American criminal (shot);
Frederick Ruple
, 66, Swiss-American painter
May 24
, 1938 (Tuesday)
A
curfew
was imposed in
Jerusalem
following riots.
[3]
Hungary enacted antisemitic legislation.
[5]
May 25
, 1938 (Wednesday)
The
Aviazione Legionaria
carried out the
Bombing of Alicante
.
The
34th Eucharistic Congress
opened in
Budapest
.
Hitler had the small Austrian town of
Braunau am Inn
, his birthplace, designated a city.
[3]
May 26
, 1938 (Thursday)
Hitler laid the cornerstone for a new
Volkswagen
plant in the
Fallersleben
district of
Wolfsburg
. Mass production was projected to begin there by the end of 1939.
[36]
Born:
William Bolcom
, composer and pianist, in
Seattle
,
Washington
;
Pauline Parker
, murderer, in
Christchurch
, New Zealand;
Teresa Stratas
, operatic soprano, in
Toronto
, Canada
Died:
John Jacob Abel
, 81, American biochemist and pharmacologist
May 27
, 1938 (Friday)
Éamon de Valera
called an Irish general election.
[3]
May 28
, 1938 (Saturday)
The 1,495 ton British steamer
Greatend
was bombed and sunk by Nationalist warplanes at the dock of
Valencia
. 10 were killed and 18 wounded in bombing of the city itself.
[37]
Born:
Jerry West
, basketball player, in
Chelyan, West Virginia
May 29
, 1938 (Sunday)
The
Balaguer Offensive
ended in Republican failure.
Giovanni Valetti
of Italy won the
26th Giro d'Italia
.
May 30
, 1938 (Monday)
Floyd Roberts
won the
Indianapolis 500
.
Died:
Anton Lang
, 63, German stage actor
May 31
, 1938 (Tuesday)
The
Aviazione Legionaria
carried out the
Bombing of Granollers
.
Francisco Franco
staged a review of his navy at
Vinaròs
.
[22]
Henry Armstrong
defeated
Barney Ross
by judges' decision at
Madison Square Garden Bowl
in
Queens
,
New York
to win the
world welterweight boxing title
.
[38]
The
U.S. Supreme Court
decided
Collins v. Yosemite Park & Curry Co.
and
In re NLRB
.
BBC Television
broadcast its first-ever
game show
, called
Spelling Bee
.
[3]
Born:
Johnny Paycheck
, country singer, in
Greenfield, Ohio
(d. 2003);
Peter Yarrow
, folk singer (
Peter, Paul and Mary
), in
Manhattan
,
New York
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Simkin, John (2014).
"Spanish Civil War: Chronology"
.
Spartacus Educational
. Retrieved
September 19,
2015
.
^
Schultz, Sigrid
(May 3, 1938). "Royalty Glows; Hohenzollern Weds Romanoff".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. p. 4.
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
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ISBN
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.
^
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b
c
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.
indiana.edu
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2015
.
^
a
b
c
d
e
f
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MusicAndHistory
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on August 28, 2012
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September 19,
2015
.
^
Rosefielde, Steven (2010).
Red Holocaust
. Routledge. p. 266.
ISBN
978-1-135-19518-2
.
^
"Franco Cabinet Restores Jesuit Society in Spain".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. May 5, 1938. p. 3.
^
a
b
"Pope Is Warned by Duce's Paper on Nazi Attack".
Brooklyn Daily Eagle
. May 9, 1938. p. 1.
^
"Tageseinträge für 4. Mai 1938"
.
chroniknet
. Retrieved
September 19,
2015
.
^
Small, Alex (May 6, 1938). "Il Duce Shows His Sea Might to Awe Hitler".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. p. 1.
^
"Moscow Names An Ambassador to Nazi Germany".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. May 7, 1938. p. 4.
^
Scarfone, Jay
(December 1, 2013).
"10 Things You Never Noticed About 'The Wizard of Oz'
"
.
HuffPost
.
BuzzFeed, Inc.
Retrieved
November 3,
2021
.
^
"Tageseinträge für 7. Mai 1938"
.
chroniknet
. Retrieved
September 19,
2015
.
^
"Supreme Court Head of Austria Ousted by Nazis".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. May 8, 1938. p. 6.
^
Lane, French (May 8, 1938). "Lawrin Wins Kentucky Derby; Dauber 2d".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. p. Part 2, p. 1.
^
"The Red Devils Story"
.
Salford Red Devils
. Archived from
the original
on July 4, 2015
. Retrieved
September 19,
2015
.
^
"Previous Winners"
.
Ladbrokes Challenge Cup
. Retrieved
September 19,
2015
.
^
"Archduke Felix Sought by Nazis for Silver Theft".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. May 9, 1938. p. 6.
^
Small, Alex (May 10, 1938). "Mussolini Gives Hitler Surprise Fireworks Show".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. p. 5.
^
"Hapsburg Takes a Teacher for Bride and Loses Royal Status".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. May 10, 1938. p. 5.
^
Bates, Tom (June 7, 2007).
"1938 Markham Colliery Disaster – On Record!"
.
About Derbyshire
. Retrieved
September 19,
2015
.
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Cortada, James W., ed. (1982).
Historical Dictionary of the Spanish Civil War, 1936–1939
. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. p. 511.
ISBN
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.
^
"I Married an Angel"
.
Playbill Vault
. Retrieved
September 19,
2015
.
^
"Mexico Cuts Tie With Britain".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. May 14, 1938. p. 1.
^
"German Net Star Sent to Prison on Sex Charge".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. May 15, 1938. p. 7.
^
"Dauber Wins Preakness; Cravat Second".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. May 15, 1938. p. Part 2, p. 1.
^
"Vatican Exchanges Diplomatic Officials with Spanish Rebels".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. May 17, 1938. p. 10.
^
"Germans Clash with Czechs in Prague Streets".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. May 20, 1938. p. 2.
^
Agnew, Hugh LeCaine (2004).
The Czechs and the Lands of the Bohemian Crown
. Hoover Institution Press. p.
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.
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.
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Jewish Responses to Persecution: 1933–1938
. AltaMira Press. p. 449.
ISBN
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.
^
"Bernstein Pinks Colleague; Wins Duel Over Slurs".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. May 21, 1938. p. 12.
^
"Presbyterian Church Votes Out Predestination View".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. May 22, 1938. p. 1.
^
Brecht, Bertolt (2000).
Brecht on Performance: Messingkauf and Modelbooks
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ISBN
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.
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The Making of the Second World War
. Routledge. pp.
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.
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.
^
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A Low, Dishonest Decade: The Great Powers, Eastern Europe and the Economic Origins of World War II
. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 89.
ISBN
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.
^
Schultz, Sigrid
(May 27, 1938). "Hitler Launches Greatest Auto Plant in Europe".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. p. 9.
^
"Spanish Rebels Bomb Valencia; Sink British Ship".
Chicago Daily Tribune
. May 29, 1938. p. 3.
^
"Henry Armstrong"
.
BoxRec
. Retrieved
September 19,
2015
.
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