Churahi

Churahi
Churahi
𑚏𑚰𑚤𑚭𑚩𑚯, चुराही
	The word "Churahi" written in Devanagari script
Native to	Himachal Pradesh
Region	Trigarta
Native speakers	76,000 (2011)
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Northern Western Pahari Churahi; ; ; ; ;
Writing system	Takri, Devanagari
Language codes
ISO 639-3	cdj
Glottolog	chur1258
ELP	Churahi

This article contains Indic text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks or boxes, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of Indic text.

Churahi (Takri: 𑚏𑚰𑚤𑚭𑚩𑚯) is a Western Pahari language of Himachal Pradesh, India. It is spoken in the Chaurah and Saluni tehsils of Chamba district, and is considered endangered.^[4]

Phonology

Vowels

	Front		Central	Back
	short	long	Central	short	long
Close	ɪ, ʏ	iː, yː	ɨ	ɯ, ʊ	uː
Close-mid		eː	ə		oː
Open-mid		æː	ə		ɔː
Open			aː

Consonants

		Bilabial	Dental	Alveolar	Retroflex	Post-alv./ Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal		m	n		ɳ		ŋ
Stop/ Affricate	plain	p⠀b	t⠀d		ʈ⠀ɖ	tɕ⠀dʑ	k⠀ɡ
Stop/ Affricate	aspirated	pʰ bʱ	tʰ dʱ		ʈʰ ɖʱ	tɕʰ dʑʱ	kʰ ɡʱ
Fricative				s				h
Approximant		w	l		ɭ	j
Trill			r		ɽ

Adages


𑚏𑚰𑚤𑚭𑚩𑚯	चुराही	Transliteration (ITRANS)	Equivalent Adage or meaning in English
𑚀𑚜𑚜𑚰 𑚢𑚳𑚩𑚘𑚰 𑚀𑚜𑚢𑚭	अधधु मैहणु अधमा	adhadhu maihaNu adhamA	Empty vessel makes much noise.
𑚆𑚅𑚖𑚯 𑚊𑚥 𑚑𑚙𑚤𑚱𑚖𑚭	एऊडी कल जतरूडा	eUDI kala jatarUDA	A bad deed has a bad outcome.
𑚢𑚤𑚝𑚰 𑚙 𑚜𑚶𑚤𑚰𑚦 𑚚𑚴𑚪𑚭 𑚊𑚤𑚝𑚯	मरनु त ध्रुव थॊड़ा करनी	maranu ta dhruva th^o.DA karanI	If one has to die, why make excuses?
𑚑𑚲𑚃 𑚊𑚭𑚥𑚱 𑚡𑚰𑚙𑚮𑚣𑚭 𑚙𑚲𑚃 𑚛𑚶𑚦𑚭𑚤𑚭 𑚡𑚲𑚪𑚮𑚣𑚴𑚤𑚱	जेई कालू भुतिया तेई द्वारा भेड़ियोरू	jeI kAlU bhutiyA teI dvArA bhe.DiyorU	To ignore some grave danger.

Script

The native script of the language is Takri script.

Status

The language is commonly called Pahari or Himachali. Some speaker may even call it a dialect of Dogri. The language has no official status. According to the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), the language is of definitely endangered category, i.e. many Churahi children are not learning Churahi as their mother tongue any longer.^[5]

The demand for the inclusion of 'Pahari (Himachali)' under the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution, which is supposed to represent multiple Pahari languages of Himachal Pradesh, had been made in the year 2010 by the state's Vidhan Sabha.^[6] There has been no positive progress on this matter since then, even though small organisations are striving to save the language.^[7] Due to political interest, the language is currently recorded as a dialect of Hindi,^[8] even when having a poor mutual intelligibility with it and having a higher mutual intelligibility with other recognised languages like Dogri and other Western Pahari languages.

References

^ "History of Kangra".
^ Total count conflates with Pahari and Hindi
^ Churahi at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
^ "Endangered Language Churahi".
^ "Endangered languages".
^ "Pahari Inclusion". Zee News.
^ "Pahari Inclusion". The Statesman.
^ "Indian Language Census" (PDF).

[1] "History of Kangra".

[2] Total count conflates with Pahari and Hindi

[e25-3] Churahi at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)

[4] "Endangered Language Churahi".

[5] "Endangered languages".

[6] "Pahari Inclusion". Zee News.

[7] "Pahari Inclusion". The Statesman.

[8] "Indian Language Census" (PDF).

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