Cape Verde–European Union relations

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Cape Verde–European Union relations



European Union	Cape Verde

Politics of Cape Verde


Constitution Human rights
Executive President José Maria Neves Prime Minister Ulisses Correia e Silva Cabinet
Legislature National Assembly President: Jorge Santos
Judiciary Supreme Court of Justice
Elections Recent elections Presidential: 2016 2021 Parliamentary: 2016 2021 Political parties
Administrative divisions Concelhos Freguesias
Foreign relations Ministry for Foreign Affairs Minister: Luís Filipe Tavares Diplomatic missions of / in Cape Verde Passport Visa requirements Visa policy Relations with the EU
v t e

Cape Verde is an island nation, part of the Macaronesian group of islands of the Atlantic Ocean and was a Portuguese colony during the colonial era between 1460 and 1975. EU-Cape Verde relations are founded on the EU/Cape Verde Special Partnership, agreed in 2007, building on six pillars:^[1]

Good governance
Security/stability
Regional integration
Technical and Regulatory Convergence
Knowledge-based Society
The fight against poverty, and development.

Following that, an Action Plan for Security and Stability was launched in 2014 and a Mobility Partnership.

Cape Verde is a member of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS),^[2] an African regional bloc, which aims for internal integration similar to that of the EU. Even though it does not yet participate in all of ECOWAS' activities, Cape Verde cannot have membership in both organizations at the same time.^{[citation needed]} It is also a member of the African Union, an organization aiming for a common currency in Africa, a single defense force for the African continent and an African Union head of state.

In 2016, the Cape Verde government declared its intention to present ECOWAS with proposals for "special status" instead of full membership.^[3]

Cape Verde is also one of the beneficiaries of the EU's regional cooperation programme with Portuguese-speaking African countries (PALOP): Angola, Cabo Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, and São Tomé and Príncipe.^[4]

Membership

In March 2005, former Portuguese president Mário Soares launched a petition urging the European Union to start membership talks with Cape Verde, saying the country could act as a bridge between Africa, Latin America, and the EU.^[5]

Cape Verde's per capita GDP is lower than those of the current member states and candidate countries. Freedom House in 2021 gave Cape Verde the maximum score for all aspects of Political Pluralism and Participation and Civil Liberties. Most of the imports and exports of Cape Verde are for and from the European Union, and it has a service-based economy. Its currency, the escudo, is pegged to the euro.^[6]^[7]

Although the Cape Verde archipelago is geographically part of Africa, there have been similar situations before. Cyprus is an island nation that, despite being geographically in Asia, has already joined both the Council of Europe and the EU. Furthermore, the Cape Verde islands are part of the same archipelago as the Canary Islands (part of Spain), Madeira (part of Portugal) and Azores (part of Portugal), known as Macaronesia. There is currently no political recognition by the EU of Cape Verde as a European state. However, unlike in the case of Morocco, there is no formal rejection either.

Complementing Cape Verde's efforts to join the EU, the Macaronesian group of islands (the Azores, Madeira, and the Canary Islands) have stated their support.^[8] The Atlantic group of islands are pushing for an entrance of Cape Verde into the EU under a special status.^[9]

References

^ "Cabo Verde and the EU". EEAS - European External Action Service - European Commission. 11 May 2016.
^ "ECOWAS EFA Profile" (PDF). Dakar Office, UNESCO. 2012.
^ "afrol News - Cape Verde wants special status at ECOWAS". Afrol.com. Retrieved 2016-10-01.
^ "Cape Verde - International Cooperation and Development - European Commission". 2013-06-17. Retrieved 2017-03-07.
^ "Cape Verde could seek EU membership this year". EUbusiness. 7 May 2005.
^ Braga de Macedo, Jorge; Pereira, Luis Brites (2006). "The Credibility of Cabo Verde's Currency Peg". SSRN Electronic Journal. Elsevier BV. doi:10.2139/ssrn.928572. hdl:10362/82955. ISSN 1556-5068.
^ "Fitch Affirms Cabo Verde at 'B-'; Outlook Stable". Fitch Ratings. 10 December 2021.
^ "Cape Verde: Cape Verde Islands". Caboverde24.com. Archived from the original on 2011-10-01. Retrieved 2016-10-01.
^ "afrol News - EU, Cape Verde display different interests in integration". Afrol.com. Retrieved 2016-10-01.

External links

v t e Foreign relations of Cape Verde
Africa	Angola Guinea-Bissau
Americas	Brazil United States
Asia	China Turkey
Europe	France Portugal Spain
Multilateral relations	European Union
Former states	Yugoslavia
Related topics	Minister of Foreign Affairs Diplomatic missions of / in Cape Verde

Foreign relations of the European Union

Bilateral relations

See also: Economic relationships with third countries
Africa	Algeria Cape Verde Egypt Libya Morocco South Africa Sudan Tunisia
Americas	Argentina trade Brazil Canada Colombia Cuba Greenland Mexico Peru United States Uruguay
Asia	Bahrain Bangladesh China India Indonesia Iran Iraq Israel Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Lebanon Malaysia Nepal North Korea Pakistan Palestine† Philippines South Korea Syria Taiwan Vietnam Yemen
Europe	Albania Andorra Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Bosnia and Herzegovina Faroe Islands Georgia Accession negotiations Iceland Kosovo† Liechtenstein Moldova Accession negotiations Monaco Montenegro North Macedonia Northern Cyprus† Norway Russia San Marino Serbia Sovereign Military Order of Malta Switzerland Turkey Accession negotiations Ukraine Accession negotiations United Kingdom Vatican City
Oceania	Australia Micronesia New Zealand Papua New Guinea
Former	Yugoslavia
General	Overseas territories of member states European microstates Largest trading partners Association Agreements Free trade agreements European Union Sanctions
†= Disputed state, may not be recognised as an independent state by some or all European Union members.

Multilateral relations and initiatives

Organisations

Initiatives

Administration and policies

Foreign and Security Policy	Global Strategy Neighbourhood Policy Enlargement Security and Defence Policy
Administration	Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection Department Directorate-General for International Cooperation and Development External Action Service Foreign Affairs Council High Representative Josep Borrell Parliamentary Foreign Affairs Committee Foreign Policy Instruments Service Diplomatic missions of the EU (ambassadors) / to the EU Special Representatives
Funding	Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance Global Europe

Common Security and Defence Policy of the European Union

Leadership

Structure

External Action Service	Command structure on the civilian/military strategic and operational levels (Military Planning and Conduct Capability within the Military Staff, Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability, Joint Support Coordination Cell) Intelligence and Situation Centre (Club de Berne) Crisis Management and Planning Directorate Security & Defence College
Agencies	Defence Agency Institute for Security Studies Satellite Centre
Council preparatory bodies	Committee of Permanent Representatives Political and Security Committee Politico-Military Group Military Committee Committee for Civilian Aspects of Crisis Management
European Commission bodies	Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space
Funding	Defence Fund

Policies

Equipment

Galileo navigation system
Secure Software-defined Radio (PESCO)

Decorations

Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO)
Headline Goal 2010
Military Erasmus
Military Mobility (PESCO)
Intelligence School (PESCO)
Kortenberg building
NATO relations (Berlin Plus agreement, Joint Declaration)

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Cape Verde–European Union relations

Membership

See also

References

External links

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