The Baksan Neutrino Observatory (BNO; Baksan is sometimes spelled Baxan) is a scientific laboratory of INR RAS located in the Baksan River gorge in the Caucasus mountains in Russia.[1] Cleared for building in 1967, it started operations in 1977, becoming the first such neutrino observatory in the USSR.[2] It consists of the Baksan Underground Scintillation Telescope (BUST), located 300 m (980 ft) below the surface,[3] the gallium–germanium neutrino telescope (Soviet–American Gallium Experiment, SAGE) located 4,700 m.w.e. deep[3] (2,100 meters) as well as a number of ground facilities. The Baksan Experiment on Sterile Transitions (BEST) is currently (2019) being conducted at Baksan with aims of understanding sterile neutrinos. [1]
The laboratory itself is located in a 4,000 meter long horizontal tunnel mined specifically for this purpose; this is in contrast to most underground physics laboratories which are placed in abandoned or still in-use mines. The entrance of the tunnel is at a valley at 1,700 meters high from sea level and the tunnel itself is located under the 4,000 meters tall mountain Mount Andyrchi. A small town named Neutrino was built in the valley, in conjunction with the construction of the laboratory, to house the scientists and their families.
The first experiment undertaken at BNO was not underground; it was the Carpet air-shower cosmic ray experiment in 1973. Carpet relied on liquid scintillator detectors to study cosmic ray air-showers. Carpet also made discoveries of astrophysical importance, such as detecting a giant flare in the Crab Nebula in 1989. The Carpet cosmic ray experiment continues as of 2017, and it is being upgraded to use a gamma-ray telescope. Further upgrades are also planned.
The first underground experiment, the BUST, started in 1977. It is located 550 meters from the tunnel entrance. It detected neutrinos from the SN1987A supernova. It continues to operate (as of 2017).
The next experiment at BNO was the Gallium-Germanium Neutrino Telescope (GGNT) as part of the SAGE experiment. It is located 3,500 meters from the tunnel entrance. It started in 1986 and was still in operation as of 2017.
In addition to the big experiments BUST and SAGE, a number of smaller experiments that benefit from the low-background location have taken place at BNO; for example, the isotopic composition of the lunar samples brought by Luna-16, Luna-20 and Luna-24 spacecraft was measured in BNO.
BNO is also home to the Andyrchi air-shower array, located on the surface above BUST in the mountain slope. The array and BUST work in concert. BNO hosts also a small gravitational-wave detector, OGRAN. OGRAN would be capable of registering a galactic supernova, should one occur in the Milky Way.
The BNO-observatory is planning (as of 2021) a new major detector, the Baksan Large Underground Scintillation Telescope (BLUST). This detector would consist of huge (10 kilotonnes) amounts of liquid scintillator. It would be located at the end of the laboratory tunnel. It would mainly detect neutrinos.
As of 2017, the director of the observatory is Valery Kuzminov.[4]
Una casa cuartel de la Guardia Civil. Una casa cuartel (o casa-cuartel, como se escribía en su origen) es una instalación militar donde el personal allí destinado desarrolla tanto su labor profesional como su vida privada, normalmente junto a sus familias. En España, la Guardia Civil trabajó y vivió durante muchos años en este tipo de instalaciones a las que popularmente se denomina cuartelillos, sobre todo cuando son pequeñas por estar en localidades apartadas. Estas instalaciones han s…
ميشيل سكاربوني معلومات شخصية الميلاد 25 سبتمبر 1979(1979-09-25)إيطاليا الوفاة 22 أبريل 2017 (37 سنة)فيلوترانو[1] سبب الوفاة حادث دراجة هوائية [لغات أخرى][2] الطول 1.74 م (5 قدم 9 بوصة)* مركز اللعب متخصص التسلق [لغات أخرى] الجنسية إيطاليا الوزن 62…
Eurovision Song Contest 2017Country MontenegroNational selectionSelection processInternal selectionSelection date(s)Artist: 29 December 2016Song: 10 March 2017Selected entrantSlavko KalezićSelected songSpaceSelected songwriter(s)Adis EminićIva BoršićMomčilo ZekovićFinals performanceSemi-final resultFailed to qualify (16th)Montenegro in the Eurovision Song Contest ◄2016 • 2017 • 2018► Montenegro participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2017 with…
Pour les articles homonymes, voir Michaels. Cet article est une ébauche concernant une écrivaine canadienne. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Anne MichaelsBiographieNaissance 15 avril 1958 (65 ans)TorontoNationalité canadienneFormation Université de TorontoVaughan Road Academy (en)Activités Poétesse, écrivaine, professeure d’université, pédagogue, romancière, scénaristePériode d'act…
لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع اللعنة (توضيح). هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (نوفمبر 2023) هذه مقالة غير مراجعة. ينبغي أن يزال هذا القالب بعد أن يراجعها محرر مغاير للذي أنشأها؛ إذا لزم الأمر فيجب أن توسم المقال…
Negara-negara yang meratifikasi Perjanjian Ottawa International Campaign to Ban Landmines adalah persetujuan sejumlah lembaga swadaya masyarakat yang berjuang untuk penghentian produksi dan penggunaan ranjau darat. Organisasi ini terdiri atas 6 organisasi (Human Rights Watch, medico international, Handicap International, Physicians for Human Rights, Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation dan Mines Advisory Group) yang dibentuk pada tahun 1992. Banyak organisasi yang memiliki jaringan dengan orga…
Опис файлу Опис Постер фільму З'їдені живцем Джерело Автор зображення Дистриб'ютор, видавець, або художник Ліцензія Це зображення є рекламним плакатом фільму, спортивного або іншого заходу. Найімовірніше, авторськими правами на обкладинку володіє видавець фільму (або сту…
1969 artwork by Andy Warhol For other uses, see Campbell's Soup Cans (disambiguation). Campbell's Soup Cans IIArtistAndy WarholYear1969TypeScreenprint on paperDimensions89 cm × 58.6 cm (35 1/16 in × 23 1/16 in)LocationSeveral including, Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago, Chicago, Illinois Warhol in 1973 Campbell's Soup Cans II is a work of art produced in 1969 by Andy Warhol as part of his Campbell's Soup Cans series that consists of 250 sets of 10 s…
Biografi ini memerlukan lebih banyak catatan kaki untuk pemastian. Bantulah untuk menambahkan referensi atau sumber tepercaya. Materi kontroversial atau trivial yang sumbernya tidak memadai atau tidak bisa dipercaya harus segera dihapus, khususnya jika berpotensi memfitnah.Cari sumber: Usama al-Sayyid Al-Azhari – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR (Pelajari cara dan kapan saatnya untuk menghapus pesan templat ini) Syeikh Usama, lahir dalam …
Airport in Chatham, MassachusettsNaval Air Station ChathamNavy B-class blimp flying over the Chatham Naval Air Station in the summer of 1919.IATA: noneICAO: noneSummaryAirport typeMilitary: Naval Air StationOperatorUnited States NavyLocationChatham, MassachusettsBuilt1917In use1917–1922OccupantsNavyElevation AMSL1 ft / 0 mCoordinates41°43′0.58″N 069°57′55.92″W / 41.7168278°N 69.9655333°W / 41.7168278; -69.9655333Runways Direction Length Surfac…
1969 studio album by Astrud GilbertoI Haven't Got Anything Better to DoStudio album by Astrud GilbertoReleased1969 (1969)[1][2]RecordedFebruary 3 and 4 1969GenreBaroque popvocal pop[1]Length28:37LabelVerveProducerBrooks ArthurAstrud Gilberto chronology Windy(1969) I Haven't Got Anything Better to Do(1969) September 17, 1969(1971) Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingAllMusic[1] I Haven't Got Anything Better to Do is a studio album by Brazilian…
العلاقات الغامبية اللبنانية غامبيا لبنان غامبيا لبنان تعديل مصدري - تعديل العلاقات الغامبية اللبنانية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين غامبيا ولبنان.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: وجه المقارنة غامبيا …
This article uses bare URLs, which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot. Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style. Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as reFill (documentation) and Citation bot (documentation). (September 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Cinema in Jakarta, IndonesiaMenteng CinemaBioskop MentengMenteng Cinema in the 1950…
Powązki obszar MSI Warszawy Siedziba NASK przy ul. Kolskiej 12 Państwo Polska Województwo mazowieckie Miasto Warszawa Dzielnica Wola W granicach Warszawy 1 kwietnia 1916[1][2] Wysokość 109 m n.p.m. Położenie na mapie dzielnicy Wola 52°15′08,04″N 20°58′26,77″E/52,252233 20,974103 Powązki – obszar Miejskiego Systemu Informacji[3] w dzielnicy Wola w Warszawie. Położenie W dzielnicy Wola granice Powązek wyznaczają: ul. Ostroroga i Młynarska od…
Recurring sketch on Saturday Night Live Opening title for The Barry Gibb Talk Show. The Barry Gibb Talk Show is a recurring sketch on Saturday Night Live about a talk show starring Bee Gees lead singer Barry Gibb (played by Jimmy Fallon) and his brother, Robin Gibb (Justin Timberlake).[1][2] The sketch was created by writers Ken Scarborough and Steve Higgins based on an idea from Fallon.[3] The sketch is characterized by Barry Gibb's accent as well as his falsetto voice, …
Australian TV series or program Not Quite ArtNot Quite Art Title logoGenreDocumentaryCreated byMarcus WestburyPresented byMarcus WestburyNarrated byMarcus WestburyCountry of originAustraliaOriginal languageEnglishNo. of series2No. of episodes6ProductionRunning time30 minutesOriginal releaseReleaseOctober 2007 (2007-10) Not Quite Art is an Australian TV series that documents the many media of present-day art and culture in Australia. Two series of the series have been produced and …
Optimization problem in computer science In computer science, lattice problems are a class of optimization problems related to mathematical objects called lattices. The conjectured intractability of such problems is central to the construction of secure lattice-based cryptosystems: Lattice problems are an example of NP-hard problems which have been shown to be average-case hard, providing a test case for the security of cryptographic algorithms. In addition, some lattice problems which are worst…
2016 action film by Puri Jagannadh IsmTheatrical release posterDirected byPuri JagannadhWritten byPuri JagannadhProduced byNandamuri Kalyan RamStarringNandamuri Kalyan RamAditi AryaJagapati BabuCinematographyMukesh G.Edited byJunaid SiddiquiMusic byAnup RubensProductioncompanyN. T. R. ArtsDistributed byDil RajuRelease date 21 October 2016 (2016-10-21) Running time130 minutesCountryIndiaLanguageTeluguBox officeest. ₹250 million[1] Ism is a 2016 Indian Telugu-language…
US-based rapper (born 1992) 21 Savage21 Savage performing in 2018Background informationBirth nameShéyaa Bin Abraham-JosephBorn (1992-10-22) 22 October 1992 (age 31)Plaistow, London, EnglandOriginAtlanta, Georgia, U.S.Genres Hip hop trap horrorcore Occupation(s) Rapper songwriter record producer Years active2013–presentLabels Epic The Orchard Slaughter Gang Children3Websiteshop.21savage.com Musical artist Shéyaa Bin Abraham-Joseph (born 22 October 1992), known professionally as 21 Savage…
Bilateral relationsEuropean Union–India relations European Union India Relations between the European Union and the Republic of India are currently defined by the 1994 EU–India Cooperation Agreement. The EU is a significant trade partner for India and the two sides have been attempting to negotiate a free trade deal since 2007.[1] Indo-EU bilateral trade (excluding services trade) stood at US$104.3 billion in the financial year 2018–19.[2] Trade The EU is India's largest tr…
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