Solicitor General for New South Wales

Solicitor General for New South Wales
since February 1998
Department of Justice
AppointerGovernor of New South Wales
Term length10 years
Inaugural holderJohn Stephen
Formation8 August 1824
WebsiteNSW Department of Justice

Solicitor General for New South Wales, known informally as the Solicitor General, is one of the Law Officers of the Crown, and the deputy of the Attorney General. They can exercise the powers of the Attorney General in the Attorney General's absence. The Solicitor General acts alongside the Crown Advocate, and Crown Solicitor, and serves as one of the legal and constitutional advisers of the Crown and its government in the Australian state of New South Wales.

The Solicitor General is addressed in court as "Mr Solicitor" or "Ms Solicitor". Despite the title, the position is usually held by a barrister, and since 1925 has been a King or Queen's Counsel or Senior Counsel. Previously a political appointment like the Attorney General is today, it has been separate from parliament since 1922 and since 1969 the Solicitor General has been a statutory office connected with the Department of Justice.

Modern office and function

The Solicitor General operates under the provisions of the Solicitor General Act 1969.[1] The retirement age is set at 75.[1] The Solicitor General acts as Counsel for the Crown in the High Court of Australia and other courts, and advises the Attorney General on civil and criminal matters, including issues of constitutional law.[2] Until 1987, the Solicitor General had the power to initiate Crown appeals at the Court of Criminal Appeal in NSW, it then became the responsibility of the Director of Public Prosecutions.[3]

While John Plunkett was the first NSW Barrister to be appointed a Queen's Counsel, this was on 6 June 1856 after he had retired as Attorney General.[4][5] The first person who was a Queen's Counsel at the time of his appointment as Solicitor General was John Hargrave QC. Cecil Weigall was appointed Solicitor General in 1922 and appointed King's Counsel in 1925. Harold Snelling QC was a Queen's Counsel at the time of his appointment.

History

Colonial official

The office of Solicitor General was created in 1824 following the inquiry by John Bigge between 1819 and 1821 into the colonies of NSW and Van Diemen's Land.[6] Bigge's 1823 report on judicial establishments recommended the appointment of a barrister as attorney-general. Bigge set out the primary duty of the attorney-general as being the preparation of indictments and informations and prosecuting them in court. The attorney-general would have discretion whether or not to charge a person.[7] Bigge did not directly recommend the appointment of a solicitor-general, but rather that two English barristers should be encouraged to practice in the colony.[8]

John Stephen was appointed as the first Solicitor-General in August 1824, six months after the appointment of the first Attorney-General, Saxe Bannister. Stephen's role was to assist the Attorney-General as required and cover any absence of the Attorney-General.[9][10] The duties allocated to Bannister formalised the proposals of Bigge. In addition to the preparation and prosecution of criminal charges, Bannister's duties included acting for the Crown in civil matters, overseeing the preparation of Crown land grants, giving legal advice to the Governor and Government departments and drafting acts, proclamations and Government Orders.[11] The Attorney-General was also considered to have the common law duties and powers exercisable by British Law Officer.[10][12] The Attorney-General was not appointed to determine small claims, and instead that role that was given to Stephen and in a separate capacity as Commissioner of the Courts of Request.[13] Bannister's salary was £1,200 a year.[14] Stephen received no salary as Solicitor-General,[15] and a salary of £600 a year as Commissioner of the Courts of Request, raised to £800 within a year.[16][10] The name "Solicitor-General" is taken from the title of the deputy of the Attorney-General for England and Wales, first appointed in 1461, with the name "solicitor general" becoming standard from 1536. Whereas the New South Wales position was initially filled by a barrister who was not a parliamentarian (until 1851), the British position is by convention filled by a member of parliament.[17]

One of the first cases in which Stephen argued as Solicitor-General,[18] saw him appearing for the Magistrates of Sydney in opposition to the Attorney-General concerning trial by jury.[19] D'Arcy Wentworth was one of the leaders of an 1819 petition seeking both trial by jury and the establishment of representative government.[20] Bigge had recommended against trial by a civilian jury,[21] and the House of Commons had narrowly defeated a proposal that juries be introduced for criminal trials, prior to passing the New South Wales Act 1823 which prescribed military juries for criminal trials before the Supreme Court. Bannister advised Governor Brisbane that the establishment of a Court of Quarter Sessions required the same composition as in England, including a civilian jury. Stephens disagreed in a written advice to Wentworth who was one of the Magistrates. Castles describes the case that followed as a fabricated cause, set in train by Wentworth, in which the Attorney-General sought an order requiring the magistrates to assemble juries.[22] Chief Justice Forbes held that civilian juries were required for Court of Quarter Sessions.[19]

In 1828 there was a dispute between Alexander Baxter and John Sampson as to their respective duties. Governor Darling resolved the dispute by making the Attorney General primarily responsible for criminal prosecutions and drafting legislation, while the Solicitor General was primarily responsible for civil matters.[23]

While a Legislative Council was created in 1823 in which all members were appointed, the Attorney-General was not one of the appointed members of the Council until 1829 when Alexander Baxter was appointed.[24] When John Plunkett was promoted to Attorney General in 1836, cost cutting measures meant he was not replaced as Solicitor General. Roger Therry was often Plunkett's junior, including in the Myall Creek massacre trials,[25][26] although he was never appointed to the role of Solicitor General. The absence of Plunkett from 1841 resulted in Therry being appointed acting Attorney General and William à Beckett as acting Solicitor General.[27] William Manning was the first Solicitor-General to be appointed to the Legislative Council in February 1851.[28]

Political office

Representative government was introduced in New South Wales in 1856 and the Solicitor General became an official member of the government, one of 5 offices of profit under the Crown that were permitted to be held by a member of the Legislative Assembly.[29] In addition to the work in and out of court, the Solicitor-General took on additional legislative and administrative responsibilities, including representing the government in debates on legal matters and drafting bills.[30] While there were two legal officers in the ministry, there was however only one portfolio, the law officers of the crown, with the Attorney General and Solicitor General jointly responsible for its administration.[31]

In 1873 the Attorney General Edward Butler resigned and the Solicitor General Joseph Innes was promoted to first law officer. Innes was not however replaced as Solicitor General. Instead the Premier Henry Parkes appointed a solicitor, George Allen, to the new Ministry of Justice and Public Instruction whose responsibilities included the administration of the courts, sheriff and coroner.[32] In 1884 the constitution was amended to remove the dormant office of Solicitor General from the list of paid ministerial offices that could be held by a member of the Legislative Assembly.[33]

The Minister of Justice, Richard O'Connor was temporarily appointed Solicitor General in 1893 to allow him to deputise for the Attorney General while Edmund Barton was visiting Canada.[34] Similarly George Reid was temporarily appointed to the role so that he could deputise for Jack Want while he was away from the colony.[34] This overcame the constitutional limitation that the Attorney General's prerogative powers as first law officer could not be delegated to another minister.[35]

In October 1900 the Secretary of the Attorney-General's department, Hugh Pollock, was appointed to the role.[36] This does not appear to have been controversial at the time with The Evening News describing the appointment as purely a formal one.[37] Pollock was again appointed in July 1901,[38] however on this occasion the appointment was controversial because

  • Pollock was a public servant, not a member of parliament and not responsible to parliament;
  • While Pollock had been called to the bar in 1890,[39] he had not practised as a barrister and his appointment as the second law officer saw the law almanac list him as second in seniority behind the Attorney General;[35][40]
  • The appointment was at the Governor's pleasure such that the role did not fall with the fall of the government, nor could he be removed from the role by the legislative assembly.[41]

Pollock resigned in October 1904 and was appointed a Crown Prosecutor.[42]

The role was again revived in December 1909 in the Wade ministry. Charles Wade was initially appointed Premier, Attorney General and Minister of Justice, however 2 months later John Garland was appointed to the justice portfolio and as Solicitor General to enable him to assist the Attorney General. Garland was appointed King's Counsel during his term in office.[43][44] Five months into the McGowan ministry a second public servant, Walter Bevan was appointed to the role.[45] Bevan had been a crown prosecutor for more than 20 years and unlike Pollock, his appointment does not appear to have been controversial, with opposition MLA Gus James describing Bevan as a satisfactory man, well skilled in criminal law.[46] In addition to his principle role in conducting litigation,[47] Bevan was appointed to provide legal advice to the members of the Legislative Council.[48] David Hall was appointed Minister of Justice in April 1912 and it was initially intended that Bevan would retain his role as Solicitor General.[46] Two days later however Hall was appointed to replace Bevan in the role.[49] The role became dormant again in the first Holman ministry when Hall replaced Holman as Attorney General. Holman was briefly appointed to the role in 1915 to deputise for Hall.[35]

The role was revived as a political office in the Holman Nationalist ministry, held in conjunction with the portfolio of Justice and as a separate portfolio in the Storey, first and second Dooley ministries, before being abolished as a political office in the Fuller ministry in 1922.

Public servant

In 1922 the Attorney General Thomas Bavin was planning to take holidays and Cecil Weigall, the Assistant Law Officer and Crown Prosecutor in the Attorney General's department, was appointed Solicitor General to perform routine statutory duties that would otherwise need to be performed by the Attorney General.[50] Weigall was appointed aged 52 and went on to serve for more than 30 years,[51] predominantly appearing in criminal prosecutions and appeals. When Weigall retired in 1953 Harold Snelling QC was appointed to replace him. Snelling's experience was in civil law rather than criminal, particularly in crown fiscal matters, representing the state in the Supreme Court, High Court and Privy Council.[52][53] A significant change during the tenure of Snelling was the passage of the Solicitor General Act 1969,[54] which converted the role from a public servant to a statutory office.[30]

Statutory office

The purpose of making the role a statutory office was to formalise the manner in which the role had been performed since 1922 and to permit the Attorney General to delegate functions and for the Solicitor General to act in the absence of the Attorney General. The bill was not controversial and was supported by the opposition.[55][56] The act had a number of qualifications to the appointment, including that the person must not be a Minister of the Crown. Initially the person was required to be a Queen's Counsel,[57] however this was removed in 1993 when the appointment of Queen's Counsel was abolished in NSW and instead the person must be "an Australian lawyer of at least 7 years’ standing".[58] Both appointments since 1993 have been Senior Counsel. The retirement age was initially 70, increased to 72 and is currently 75.[1]

Office-holders

Solicitors General, 1824–1922

# Image Solicitor General Status Ministry Term start Term end Time in office Notes
1 John Stephen   Government official, not a member of
Legislative Council 		Prior to responsible
government 		11 August 1824 17 August 1825 1 year, 6 days [59][60][61]
James Holland Appointed in 1826 but never sworn in. [30]
2 William Foster 3 September 1827 1 April 1828 211 days [62][63]
3 John Sampson 15 March 1828 27 October 1829 1 year, 226 days [64][65]
Edward MacDowell Appointed in 1830 but failed to take up his duties promptly [30][66]
4 John Plunkett [a] 14 June 1832 16 September 1836 4 years, 94 days [30]
5 William à Beckett   Government official, not a member of
Legislative Council 		Prior to responsible
government 		20 March 1841 30 August 1844 3 years, 163 days [68]
6 William Manning 31 August 1844 11 January 1848 3 years, 133 days [30]
(2) William Foster 12 January 1848 19 November 1849 1 year, 311 days [30]
(6) William Manning Government official, appointed MLC from 1851, no party 20 November 1849 5 June 1856 6 years, 198 days [28][30]
7 John Darvall MLA, no party Donaldson 6 June 1856 25 August 1856 80 days [30]
8 Alfred Lutwyche MLC, no party Cowper (1) 12 September 1856 2 October 1856 20 days [30]
(7) John Darvall MLA, no party Parker 3 October 1856 23 May 1857 232 days [30]
9 Edward Wise MLC, no party 23 May 1857 7 September 1857 107 days [30]
(8) Alfred Lutwyche MLC, no party Cowper (2) 7 September 1857 14 November 1858 1 year, 68 days [30]
10 William Dalley MLA, no party 15 November 1858 11 February 1859 88 days [30]
11 John Hargrave QC MLC, no party 21 February 1859 26 October 1859 1 year, 39 days [30]
Forster 3 November 1859 31 March 1860
Cowper (3) 1 August 1863 15 October 1863 75 days
12 Peter Faucett MLA, no party Martin (1) 16 October 1863 2 February 1865 1 year, 109 days [30]
(11) John Hargrave QC MLC, no party Cowper (4) 3 February 1865 21 June 1865 138 days [30]
13 Robert Isaacs MLA, no party Martin (2) 22 January 1866 26 October 1868 2 years, 278 days [30]
14 Joshua Josephson MLA, no party Robertson (2) 27 October 1868 9 September 1869 317 days [30]
15 Julian Salomons MLC,[b] no party 18 December 1869 15 December 1870 362 days [30][69]
Cowper (5)
16 William Windeyer MLA, no party Martin (3) 16 December 1870 13 May 1872 1 year, 149 days [30]
17 Joseph Innes MLA, no party Parkes (1) 14 May 1872 19 November 1873 1 year, 189 days [30]
18 Richard O'Connor   MLC, Protectionist Dibbs (3) 19 July 1893 13 September 1893 56 days [70][c]
19 George Reid KC   MLA, Free Trade Reid 21 December 1894 5 March 1895 74 days [30][c]
Reid 19 December 1895 20 April 1896 123 days
Reid 22 December 1896 9 February 1897 49 days
Reid 27 April 1898 7 October 1898 163 days
Reid 3 January 1899 1 May 1899 118 days
20 Hugh Pollock   Public servant, not a member of Parliament [d]

See
Waddell
Carruthers

22 July 1901 6 October 1904 3 years, 76 days [30][38][42]
21 John Garland   MLC, Liberal Reform Wade 21 December 1909 20 October 1910 303 days [30]
22 Walter Bevan   Public servant, not a member of Parliament

McGowen

15 March 1911 4 April 1912 1 year, 20 days [30][45][71]
23 David Hall   MLC, Labor McGowen
Holman (1) 		4 April 1912 28 January 1914 1 year, 301 days [30][49][72]
24 William Holman   MLA, Labor Holman (1) 19 January 1915 6 February 1915 18 days [30]
(21) John Garland KC   MLC, Nationalist Holman (2) 16 November 1916 23 July 1919 2 years, 249 days [30][73]
25 Jack FitzGerald 23 July 1919 12 April 1920 264 days [30][74]
26 Robert Sproule   MLC, Labor Storey
Dooley (1) (2) 		15 April 1920 13 April 1922 1 year, 363 days [30]
27 Cecil Weigall QC Public Servant Appointed by Fuller (2) 27 December 1922 5 May 1953 30 years, 130 days [51][75]
28 Harold Snelling QC Appointed by Cahill (2) 18 August 1953 December 1969 21 years, 25 days [52]
Statutory office Appointed by Askin (3) December 1969 12 September 1974
29 Reginald Marr QC Appointed by Askin (6) September 1974 March 1978 3 years, 181 days [30]
30 Gregory Sullivan QC Appointed by Wran (2) February 1979 February 1981 2 years, 0 days [30]
31 Mary Gaudron QC Appointed by Wran (3) 16 February 1981 February 1987 5 years, 350 days [30]
32 Keith Mason QC Appointed by Unsworth February 1987 February 1997 10 years, 0 days [30]
33 Leslie Katz SC Appointed by Carr (1) July 1997 September 1998 1 year, 91 days
34 Michael Sexton SC Appointed by Carr (2) October 1998 present 26 years, 55 days

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Plunkett was appointed to the Legislative Council on 19 April 1836 when he became Acting Attorney-General.[67]
  2. ^ Salomons was not appointed to the Legislative Council until 11 August 1870, 7 months after his appointment as Solicitor General.[69]
  3. ^ a b The office was not filled however Richard O'Connor and George Reid were temporarily appointed to allow them to deputise for the Attorney-General in his absence.[34]
  4. ^ Pollock's appointment was controversial because he was a public servant as Secretary of the Attorney-General's department and had never practiced as a barrister.[35]

References

  1. ^ a b c Solicitor General Act 1969 (NSW) s 2 Appointment of Solicitor General.
  2. ^ "Solicitor General". NSW State Records. NSW Government. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
  3. ^ Nader QC, John (2011). "The failed art of sentencing offenders" (PDF). Bar News. NSW Bar Association. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
  4. ^ "Mr Plunkett's retirement from office". Freeman's Journal. New South Wales, Australia. 28 June 1856. p. 2. Retrieved 30 January 2019 – via Trove.
  5. ^ "NSW silk appointments". NSW Bar Association. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
  6. ^ John Thomas, Bigge (1823). Report of the Commissioner of Inquiry on the judicial establishments of New South Wales and Van Diemen's Land. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  7. ^ Bigge 2nd Report (1923), p. 58.
  8. ^ Bigge 2nd Report (1923), p. 61.
  9. ^ "Historical records of Australia : Despatches to and from Sir Thomas Brisbane January 1823 to November 1825". 1917. pp. 198–199.
  10. ^ a b c Appleby, G (28 September 2012). "The Constitutional Role of the Solicitor-General" (PDF). Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  11. ^ Currey, C H (1966). "Bannister, Saxe (1790–1877)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 23 February 2019.
  12. ^ "Historical records of Australia : Despatches to and from Sir Thomas Brisbane January 1823 to November 1825". 1917. pp. 883–884.
  13. ^ "Historical records of Australia : Despatches to and from Sir Thomas Brisbane January 1823 to November 1825". 1917. pp. 197–198.
  14. ^ "Historical records of Australia : Despatches to and from Sir Thomas Brisbane January 1823 to November 1825". 1917. pp. 140–141.
  15. ^ "Historical records of Australia : Despatches to and from Sir Thomas Brisbane January 1823 to November 1825". 1917. pp. 198–199.
  16. ^ "Historical records of Australia : Despatches to and from Sir Thomas Brisbane January 1823 to November 1825". 1917. p. 486.
  17. ^ Alexander Home, The Law Officers, House of Commons Library research briefing
  18. ^ Stephen was present in court in Division of the Profession (Bar Monopoly Case) [1824] NSWSupC 17 (14 September 1824), Supreme Court (NSW), however there is no record of him presenting any argument in the matter.
  19. ^ a b R v Magistrates of Sydney [1824] NSWSupC 20, [1824] NSWKR 3 (14 October 1824), Supreme Court (NSW)
  20. ^ Auchmuty, J J. "Wentworth, D'Arcy (1762–1827)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 23 February 2019.
  21. ^ Bigge 2nd Report (1923), p. 53.
  22. ^ Castles, Alex C. "The Judiciary and Political Questions: The First Australian Experience, 1824-1825" (PDF). (1975) 5(3) Adelaide Law Review 294.
  23. ^ Watson, Frederick; Chapman, Peter, Historical records of Australia, retrieved 2 September 2022 – via Trove
  24. ^ "Proclamation: appointment of Legislative Council". The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser. 16 July 1829. p. 1. Retrieved 23 February 2019 – via National Library of Australia.
  25. ^ R v Kilmeister (No 1) [1838] NSWSupC 105.
  26. ^ R v Kilmeister (No 2) [1838] NSWSupC 110.
  27. ^ "Temporary appointments". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 23. 23 March 1841. p. 405. Retrieved 2 September 2022 – via Trove.
  28. ^ a b "Proclamation". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 23. 28 February 1851. p. 363. Retrieved 6 September 2022 – via Trove.
  29. ^ New Constitution Act 1853 (NSW) s20 "Any person holding any office of profit under the Crown or having a pension from the Crown during pleasure or for term of years shall be incapable of being elected or of sitting or voting as a Member of the Legislative Assembly unless he be one of the following Official Members of the Government that is to say the Colonial Secretary Colonial Treasurer Auditor General Attorney General and Solicitor General".
  30. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Mason, K, The Office of Solicitor General for New South Wales (PDF) (1988 Autumn) Bar News: Journal of the NSW Bar Association 22.
  31. ^ "Administrative Arrangements". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 155. 9 October 1856. p. 2662. Retrieved 6 September 2022 – via Trove.
  32. ^ "PFO-5 Justice and Public Instruction". NSW State Records & Archives. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  33. ^ Constitution Act Amendment Act of 1884 (NSW).
  34. ^ a b c Appleby, G (2016). Role of the Solicitor-General. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 73. ISBN 9781509903962.
  35. ^ a b c d Mason, K (2019). "Ch 1 Aspects of the History of the Solicitor-General in Australia". In Keyzer, Patrick (ed.). Public Sentinels: A Comparative Study of Australian Solicitors-General. Routledge. ISBN 9781317073338. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
  36. ^ "Appointment of Hugh Pollock as Solicitor General". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 947. 5 October 1900. p. 7885. Retrieved 6 September 2022 – via Trove.
  37. ^ "Solicitor General: Mr H Pollock appointed". The Evening News. 6 October 1900. p. 6. Retrieved 6 September 2022 – via Trove.
  38. ^ a b "Appointment H Pollock as Solicitor General". Government Gazette Of The State Of New South Wales. No. 650. 31 July 1901. p. 5929. Retrieved 6 September 2022 – via Trove.
  39. ^ NSW law Almanac 1901 (PDF)
  40. ^ NSW law Almanac 1902 (PDF), p. 38
  41. ^ "The Solicitor-General - Mr Pollock's appointment: its legality questioned". The Daily Telegraph. 30 August 1901. p. 6. Retrieved 6 September 2022 – via Trove.
  42. ^ a b "Resignation of Solicitor General (564)". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. 14 October 1904. p. 7735. Retrieved 14 July 2021 – via Trove.
  43. ^ "NSW silk appointments". NSW Bar Association. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  44. ^ "Commission as King's Counsel". Retrieved 20 July 2021 – via NSW State Records & Archives.
  45. ^ a b "Appointment of Walter Bevan, Esquire to be Solicitor-General". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 33. 15 March 1911. p. 1543. Retrieved 23 January 2019 – via Trove.
    "Appointment of Walter Bevan, Esquire to be Solicitor-General". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 94. 26 July 1911. p. 3970. Retrieved 23 January 2019 – via Trove.
  46. ^ a b "The new minister for Justice". Wagga Wagga Express. 4 April 1912. p. 2. Retrieved 8 September 2022 – via Trove.
  47. ^ "Central Criminal court: Glebe murder trial". The Sydney Morning Herald. 26 January 1912. p. 3. Retrieved 7 September 2022 – via Trove.
  48. ^ "Legal advisor for the Upper House". The Sydney Morning Herald. 3 June 1911. p. 14. Retrieved 7 September 2022 – via Trove.
  49. ^ a b "Appointment of the Honourable David Robert Hall, MLC, to be also Solicitor-General". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 49. 10 April 1912. p. 2229. Retrieved 1 February 2019 – via Trove.
  50. ^ "Mr. C. E. Weigall". The Sydney Morning Herald. 22 November 1922. p. 13. Retrieved 8 September 2022 – via Trove.
  51. ^ a b Mason, Keith. "Weigall, Cecil Edward (1870–1955)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 20 September 2015.
  52. ^ a b Bennett, J. M. "Snelling, Harold Alfred Rush (1904–1979)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 20 September 2015.
  53. ^ Freightlines and Construction Holding Ltd v New South Wales [1967] UKPC 10, (1967) 116 CLR 1 (10 April 1967), Privy Council (NSW)
  54. ^ Solicitor General Act 1969 No 80 (NSW)
  55. ^ Ken McCaw (1 October 1969). "Solicitor General Bill". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). New South Wales: Legislative Assembly. pp. 1475–1481.
  56. ^ John Fuller (18 November 1969). "Solicitor General Bill". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). New South Wales: Legislative Council. pp. 2681–2687.
  57. ^ Solicitor General Act 1969 (NSW) s 2.
  58. ^ Legal Profession Reform Act 1993 (NSW) Schedule 1 (abolition of Queen's Counsel) and Schedule 5 (amendment of the Solicitor General Act 1969).
  59. ^ Currey, CH. "Stephen, John (1771–1833)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
  60. ^ "John Stephen Esq appointed Solicitor-General". The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser. 12 August 1824. p. 1. Retrieved 19 January 2019 – via Trove.
  61. ^ "John Stephen Esq appointed additional judge of the Supreme Court". The Australian. 18 August 1825. p. 1. Retrieved 19 January 2019 – via Trove.
  62. ^ "William Foster Esq. sworn in as Solicitor General". The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser. 3 September 1827. p. 2. Retrieved 19 January 2019 – via Trove.
  63. ^ "Domestic intelligence". Colonial Advocate, and Tasmanian Monthly Review and Register]]. 1 April 1828. p. 52. Retrieved 19 January 2019 – via Trove.
  64. ^ "John Sampson Esq appointed Solicitor-General". The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser. 17 March 1828. p. 1. Retrieved 19 January 2019 – via Trove.
  65. ^ "Sudden death of the Solicitor-General". The Sydney Gazette and New South Wales Advertiser. 29 October 1829. p. 2. Retrieved 19 January 2019 – via Trove.
  66. ^ Watson, Frederick; Chapman, Peter, Historical records of Australia, pp. 373–374, retrieved 2 September 2022 – via Trove
  67. ^ "Mr John Hubert Plunkett QC (1802-1869)". Former members of the Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  68. ^ Coppel, E. G. "'à Beckett, Sir William (1806–1869)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 20 September 2015.
  69. ^ a b Edgar, Suzanne; Nairn, Bede (1972). "Salomons, Sir Julian Emanuel (1835 - 1909)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
  70. ^ "The Hon. Richard Edward O'Connor, QC (1851-1912)". Former members of the Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
  71. ^ "Judge Bevan Retiring". Barrier Miner. 11 December 1926. p. 5. Retrieved 25 March 2019 – via Trove.
  72. ^ "Appointment of the Honourable David Robert Hall, MLC, to be also Solicitor-General". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 106. 2 July 1913. p. 4127. Retrieved 1 February 2019 – via Trove.
  73. ^ "Appointment of the Honorable John Garland, KC, MLC, to be also Solicitor-General". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 187. 16 November 1916. p. 6738. Retrieved 1 February 2019 – via Trove.
  74. ^ "Appointment of the Honourable John Daniel FitzGerald MLC to be also Solicitor General". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 183. New South Wales, Australia. 23 July 1919. p. 4060. Retrieved 1 February 2019 – via Trove.
  75. ^ "G.O.M. retires at 83". The Daily Telegraph. 6 May 1953. p. 15. Retrieved 15 September 2022 – via Trove.

Read other articles:

MNH Entertainment

MNH EntertainmentNama asli엠앤에이치엔터테인먼트Nama latinEm-aen-eichienteoteinmeonteuJenisPrivasiIndustriMusikEntertainmentGenreK-popR&BEDMDidirikan18 November 2014; 9 tahun lalu (2014-11-18)PendiriKim Won-seop (김원섭)KantorpusatSeoul, Korea SelatanWilayah operasiAsiaProdukAlbumKonserVideo musikFilmJasaMenerbitkan rekamanHak Cipta MusikManajemen ArtisProduksi Film/TVAgen hiburanSitus webhttp://mnhenter.com/ MNH Entertainment (Korea:엠앤에이치엔터테인먼트) a...

 

Hadi Surya

Hadi Surya Anggota DPRD Aceh SelatanPetahanaMulai menjabat 2 September 2014 Informasi pribadiLahirHadi Surya28 Mei 1985 (umur 38)Aceh Selatan, Aceh, IndonesiaPartai politikPartai GerindraSuami/istriIr. Resky Rusnanda, S.T,. M.TAnak3Alma materUniversitas Syiah KualaPekerjaanPolitisiPengusahaSitus webhadisurya.infoSunting kotak info • L • B Hadi Surya, S.TP., M.T (lahir 28 Mei 1985) adalah Aktifis, Politisi dan Pengusaha Peternakan Ayam Petelur. Ia sekarang menjabat sebag...

 

Ceragenia

Ceragenia Ceragenia bicornis Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Animalia Filum: Arthropoda Kelas: Insecta Ordo: Coleoptera Famili: Cerambycidae Genus: Ceragenia Ceragenia adalah genus kumbang tanduk panjang yang tergolong famili Cerambycidae. Genus ini juga merupakan bagian dari ordo Coleoptera, kelas Insecta, filum Arthropoda, dan kingdom Animalia. Larva kumbang dalam genus ini biasanya mengebor ke dalam kayu dan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada batang kayu hidup atau kayu yang telah ditebang. Re...

العلاقات الدومينيكية الغينية

العلاقات الدومينيكية الغينية دومينيكا غينيا   دومينيكا   غينيا تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات الدومينيكية الغينية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين دومينيكا وغينيا.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: وجه المقا...

 

The Ghost Breakers

1940 comedy film directed by George Marshall Not to be confused with The Ghost Breaker (1914 film) or The Ghost Breaker (1922 film). The Ghost BreakersDirected byGeorge MarshallScreenplay byWalter DeLeonBased onThe Ghost Breaker(1909 play)by Paul Dickey and Charles W. GoddardProduced byArthur Hornblow Jr.Starring Bob Hope Paulette Goddard Willie Best Richard Carlson Paul Lukas Anthony Quinn CinematographyCharles LangEdited byEllsworth HoaglandMusic byErnst TochDistributed byParamount Pictures...

 

General Motors

Pour les articles homonymes, voir GM. General Motors GM Renaissance Center. Création 1908 Dates clés 2009 : faillite et nationalisation temporaire de l’entreprise2010 : Cession de Saab à Spyker2017 : Vente de GM Europe au groupe PSA Fondateurs William Crapo Durant et Charles Stewart Mott (en) Personnages clés William Crapo DurantKirk Kerkorian Forme juridique Entreprise privée fédérale(depuis le 2 juin 2009) Action NYSE : GM Slogan Mark of Excellence Siège socia...

Kim Mulkey

Questa voce sugli argomenti allenatori di pallacanestro statunitensi e cestisti statunitensi è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti dei progetti di riferimento 1, 2. Kim Mulkey Kim Mulkey nel 2019 Nazionalità  Stati Uniti Altezza 163 cm Peso 61 kg Pallacanestro Ruolo Allenatrice (ex guardia) Squadra  LSU Lady Tigers Termine carriera 1984 - giocatrice Hall of fame Naismith Hall of Fame (2020)Women's Basketb...

 

Laurent Hénart

Laurent Hénart Laurent Hénart en 2014. Fonctions Président du Parti radical En fonction depuis le 6 avril 2014(10 ans et 28 jours) Élection 22 juin 2014 Réélection 12 novembre 2017 Prédécesseur Jean-Louis Borloo Président du Mouvement radical 9 décembre 2017 – 12 septembre 2021(3 ans, 9 mois et 3 jours) Avec Sylvia Pinel (2017-2019) Élection 9 mars 2019 Prédécesseur Création du parti Successeur Disparition du parti Maire de Nancy 6 avril 2014 – 5 ju...

 

Boxholm (commune)

Cet article est une ébauche concernant une localité suédoise. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Pour les articles homonymes, voir Boxholm. Boxholm Héraldique Bibliothèque de Boxholm Administration Pays Suède Province historique Östergötland Comté Östergötland Siège Boxholm Démographie Population 5 447 hab. (30/09/2020) Densité 10 hab./km2 Géographie Coordonnées 58°&#...

2020年夏季奧林匹克運動會波蘭代表團

2020年夏季奥林匹克运动会波兰代表團波兰国旗IOC編碼POLNOC波蘭奧林匹克委員會網站olimpijski.pl（英文）（波兰文）2020年夏季奥林匹克运动会（東京）2021年7月23日至8月8日（受2019冠状病毒病疫情影响推迟，但仍保留原定名称）運動員206參賽項目24个大项旗手开幕式：帕维尔·科热尼奥夫斯基（游泳）和马娅·沃什乔夫斯卡（自行车）[1]闭幕式：卡罗利娜·纳亚（皮划艇）&#...

 

Ardana, Siprus

ArdanaΑρδανα (Greek) Ardahan (Turkish)CountryDe jure  Cyprus De facto  Northern CyprusDistrictFamagusta DistrictZona waktuUTC+2 (EET) • Musim panas (DST)UTC+3 (EEST) Ardana (Yunani: Αρδανα, Turki: Ardahan) adalah sebuah desa di distrik Famagusta, Siprus, terletak pada 9 km di utara Kota Trikomo. lbsDistrik FamagustaSettlements Acheritou Akhna Aphania Ayia Napa Ayia Trias Ayios Andronikos (Topsiou Keuy) Ayios Andronikos Ayios Efstathios Ayios Elia...

 

دار أيتام

أطفال من بيت رفيقي للأطفال في كينيا. دار الأيتام أو الميتم هو عبارة عن تكية أو مَأْوَى للأطفال، ويكون المبنى مخصصا لإيواء للأطفال القاصرين أو الذين هم من دون أب أو أم، أو الخارجين عن وصاية الوالدين. كما يمكن لدار الأيتام أن يأوي الأطفال الذين يعانون من مشاكل أسرية أو من سوء �...

2022 African Championships in Athletics – Men's decathlon

2022 African Championships in AthleticsTrack events100 mmenwomen200 mmenwomen400 mmenwomen800 mmenwomen1500 mmenwomen5000 mmenwomen10,000 mmenwomen100 m hurdleswomen110 m hurdlesmen400 m hurdlesmenwomen3000 msteeplechasemenwomen4×100 m relaymenwomen4×400 m relaymenwomenmixedRoad events20 km walkmenwomenField eventsHigh jumpmenwomenPole vaultmenwomenLong jumpmenwomenTriple jumpmenwomenShot putmenwomenDiscus throwmenwomenHammer throwmenwomenJavelin throwmenwomenCombined eventsHeptathlonwomen...

 

Anti-communism in China

Chinese anti-communism Part of a series onConservatism in China Ideologies Authoritarian Chiangism Communitarianism Cultural Dai Jitao Thought Monarchism Nationalist Han chauvinist Ultra Neoauthoritarianism Social Traditionalist Confucianism Neo Legalism Ultra Principles Ancestral worship Asian values Authority Duty Elitism Exceptionalism Familialism Filial piety Hierarchy Imperialism Sinicization Irredentism Unification Law and order Loyalty Mandate of Heaven Meritocracy One China Patriotism...

 

Opposition à la guerre d'Afghanistan (2001)

Cet article est une ébauche concernant la politique et le domaine militaire. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Les pertes militaires de l'ISAF depuis le début du conflit (cliquer pour agrandir). L’opposition à la guerre d'Afghanistan découle de nombreux facteurs : il s'agit notamment du fait que l'invasion américaine est illégale en vertu du droit international et constitue une agressi...

America First Committee

American isolationist group prior to World War II For similar terms, see America First. America First CommitteeAbbreviationAFCFormationSeptember 4, 1940 (1940-09-04)FounderRobert D. Stuart Jr.Founded atYale University, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.DissolvedDecember 11, 1941 (1941-12-11)TypeNon-partisan pressure groupPurposeNon-interventionismHeadquartersChicago, Illinois, U.S.Membership (1941) 800,000–850,000ChairmanRobert E. WoodSpokespersonCharles LindberghKey...

 

FK Bregalnica Štip

Football clubБрегалница Штип Bregalnica ŠtipFull nameFudbalski klub Bregalnica Shtip / Фудбалски клуб Брегалница ШтипNickname(s)Сини (The Blues)Founded1921; 103 years ago (1921)GroundGradski stadion ŠtipCapacity4,000OwnerKiril Gogov (51%)Stip Municipality (49%)ChairmanKiril GogovManagerTrajče SenevLeagueMacedonian Second League2023–24Macedonian First League, 12th (relegated)WebsiteClub website Home colours Away colours FK Bre...

 

Brad (Hunedoara)

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Brad. Cet article est une ébauche concernant la Roumanie. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. BradNoms locaux (ro) Brad, (hu) Brád, (de) TannenhofGéographiePays  RoumanieJudeț HunedoaraPartie de HunedoaraChef-lieu Brad (d)Superficie 79,98 km2Altitude 278 mCoordonnées 46° 07′ 46″ N, 22° 47′ 24″ EDémogra...

2009 Barcelona Open Banco Sabadell

Tennis tournament2009 Barcelona Open Banco SabadellDate20–26 AprilEdition57thCategoryATP World Tour 500Draw56S / 24DPrize money$2,347,058SurfaceClay / outdoorLocationBarcelona, SpainVenueReal Club de Tenis BarcelonaChampionsSingles Rafael NadalDoubles Daniel Nestor / Nenad Zimonjić ← 2008 · Barcelona Open · 2010 → World No. 1, singles defending champion Rafael Nadal The 2009 Barcelona Open Banco Sabadell, also known as the Trofeo Torneo de Godó, was ...

 

Plain of Jars

Megalithic archaeological landscape in Laos The Plain of Jarsທົ່ງໄຫຫິນPlain of Jars: Site 1Location of Plain of Jars and Xieng Khouang plain (blue shading)Alternative nameThong Hai HinLocationXiangkhoang PlateauRegion LaosCoordinates19°25′52″N 103°9′9″E / 19.43111°N 103.15250°E / 19.43111; 103.15250Heightabout 3 metersHistoryMaterialstone UNESCO World Heritage SiteOfficial nameMegalithic Jar Sites in Xiengkhuang – Plain of Jars...