Ña (Indic)

Ña
Ña
Example glyphs
Bengali–AssameseÑa
TibetanÑa
TamilÑa
Thai
Malayalam
Sinhala
Ashoka BrahmiÑa
DevanagariÑa
Properties
Phonemic representation/ɲ/
IAST transliterationña Ña
ISCII code pointBC (188)

Ña or Nya is the tenth consonant of Indic abugidas. It is derived from the early "Ashoka" Brahmi letter ny.

Historic Ña

There are three different general early historic scripts - Brahmi and its variants, Kharoṣṭhī, and Tocharian, the so-called slanting Brahmi. Ña as found in standard Brahmi, Nya was a simple geometric shape, with variations toward more flowing forms by the Gupta Nya. The Tocharian Ña Nya did not have an alternate Fremdzeichen form. The third form of ña, in Kharoshthi (Nya) was probably derived from Aramaic separately from the Brahmi letter.

Brahmi Ña

The Brahmi letter Nya, Ña, is probably derived from the altered Aramaic Nun , and is thus related to the modern Latin N and Greek Nu. Several identifiable styles of writing the Brahmi Ña can be found, most associated with a specific set of inscriptions from an artifact or diverse records from an historic period.[1] As the earliest and most geometric style of Brahmi, the letters found on the Edicts of Ashoka and other records from around that time are normally the reference form for Brahmi letters, with vowel marks not attested until later forms of Brahmi back-formed to match the geometric writing style.

Brahmi Ña historic forms
Ashoka
(3rd-1st c. BCE)
Girnar
(~150 BCE)
Kushana
(~150-250 CE)
Gujarat
(~250 CE)
Gupta
(~350 CE)

Tocharian Ña

The Tocharian letter Ña is derived from the Brahmi Ña, but does not have an alternate Fremdzeichen form.

Tocharian Ña with vowel marks
Ña Ñā Ñi Ñī Ñu Ñū Ñr Ñr̄ Ñe Ñai Ño Ñau Ñä

Kharoṣṭhī Ña

The Kharoṣṭhī letter Ña is generally accepted as being derived from the altered Aramaic Nun , and is thus related to N and Nu, in addition to the Brahmi Ña.

Devanagari script

Ña (, Sanskrit and Hindi: ञकार ñakāra) is the tenth consonant of the Devanagari abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter ka, after having gone through the Gupta letter . Letters that derive from it are the Gujarati letter , and the Modi letter 𑘗.

Devanagari-using Languages

In all languages, ञ is pronounced as [ɲə] or [ɲ] when appropriate, similar to the phoneme in English canyon (/ˈkænjən/).. Like all Indic scripts, Devanagari uses vowel marks attached to the base consonant to override the inherent /ə/ vowel:

Devanagari ञ with vowel marks
Ña Ñā Ñi Ñī Ñu Ñū Ñr̥ Ñr̥̄ Ñl̥ Ñl̥̄ Ñe Ñai Ño Ñau Ñ
ञा ञि ञी ञु ञू ञृ ञॄ ञॢ ञॣ ञे ञै ञो ञौ ञ्

Conjuncts with ञ

Half form of Ña.

Devanagari exhibits conjunct ligatures, as is common in Indic scripts. In modern Devanagari texts, most conjuncts are formed by reducing the letter shape to fit tightly to the following letter, usually by dropping a character's vertical stem, sometimes referred to as a "half form". Some conjunct clusters are always represented by a true ligature, instead of a shape that can be broken into constituent independent letters. Vertically stacked conjuncts are ubiquitous in older texts, while only a few are still used routinely in modern Devanagari texts. The use of ligatures and vertical conjuncts may vary across languages using the Devanagari script, with Marathi in particular preferring the use of half forms where texts in other languages would show ligatures and vertical stacks.[2]

Ligature conjuncts of ञ

True ligatures are quite rare in Indic scripts. The most common ligated conjuncts in Devanagari are in the form of a slight mutation to fit in context or as a consistent variant form appended to the adjacent characters. Those variants include Na and the Repha and Rakar forms of Ra. Nepali and Marathi texts use the "eyelash" Ra half form Ra for an initial "R" instead of repha.

  • Repha र্ (r) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature rña: note

  • Eyelash र্ (r) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature rña:

  • ञ্ (ñ) + rakar र (ra) gives the ligature ñra:

  • ञ্ (ñ) + न (na) gives the ligature ñna:

Devanagari Jña

Jña half form

One of the most common true ligatures in Devanagari is the conjunct jña ज्ञ. This ligature is a required form for most Devanagari languages, and the conjunct even has its own half form that freely joins other letters in horizontal conjuncts.

  • ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature jña:

  • Repha र্ (r) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature rjña:

  • Eyelash र্ (r) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature rjña:

  • भ্ (bʰ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature bʰjña:

  • ब্ (b) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature bjña:

  • छ্ (cʰ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature cʰjña:

  • च্ (c) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature cjña:

  • ढ্ (ḍʱ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ḍʱjña:

  • ड্ (ḍ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ḍjña:

  • द্ (d) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature djña:

  • घ্ (ɡʱ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ɡʱjña:

  • ग্ (g) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature gjña:

  • ह্ (h) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature hjña:

  • ज্ (j) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature jjña:

  • झ্ (jʰ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature jʰjña:

  • ख্ (kʰ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature kʰjña:

  • क্ (k) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature kjña:

  • ल্ (l) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ljña:

  • म্ (m) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature mjña:

  • न্ (n) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature njña:

  • ञ্ (ñ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ñjña:

  • ङ্ (ŋ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ŋjña:

  • फ্ (pʰ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature pʰjña:

  • प্ (p) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature pjña:

  • श্ (ʃ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ʃjña:

  • स্ (s) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature sjña:

  • ष্ (ṣ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ṣjña:

  • थ্ (tʰ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature tʰjña:

  • त্ (t) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature tjña:

  • ठ্ (ṭʰ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ṭʰjña:

  • ट্ (ṭ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ṭjña:

  • व্ (v) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature vjña:

  • य্ (y) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature yjña:

Stacked conjuncts of ञ

Vertically stacked ligatures are the most common conjunct forms found in Devanagari text. Although the constituent characters may need to be stretched and moved slightly in order to stack neatly, stacked conjuncts can be broken down into recognizable base letters, or a letter and an otherwise standard ligature.

  • भ্ (bʰ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature bʰña:

  • ब্ (b) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature bña:

  • छ্ (cʰ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature cʰña:

  • च্ (c) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature cña:

  • ढ্ (ḍʱ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ḍʱña:

  • ड্ (ḍ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ḍña:

  • ध্ (dʱ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature dʱjña:

  • ध্ (dʱ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature dʱña:

  • द্ (d) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature dña:

  • घ্ (ɡʱ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ɡʱña:

  • ह্ (h) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature hña:

  • झ্ (jʰ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature jʰña:

  • ख্ (kʰ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature kʰña:

  • क্ (k) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature kña:

  • ळ্ (ḷ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ḷña:

  • ल্ (l) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature lña:

  • म্ (m) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature mña:

  • ङ্ (ŋ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ŋña:

  • न্ (n) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature nña:

  • ञ্ (ñ) + ब (ba) gives the ligature ñba:

  • ञ্ (ñ) + च (ca) gives the ligature ñca:

  • ञ্ (ñ) + ज (ja) gives the ligature ñja:

  • ञ্ (ñ) + ल (la) gives the ligature ñla:

  • ञ্ (ñ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ñña:

  • ञ্ (ñ) + व (va) gives the ligature ñva:

  • फ্ (pʰ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature pʰña:

  • प্ (p) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature pña:

  • श্ (ʃ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ʃña:

  • स্ (s) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature sña:

  • ष্ (ṣ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ṣña:

  • थ্ (tʰ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature tʰña:

  • त্ (t) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature tña:

  • ठ্ (ṭʰ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ṭʰña:

  • ट্ (ṭ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ṭña:

  • व্ (v) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature vña:

  • य্ (y) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature yña:

Bengali script

The Bengali script ঞ is derived from the Siddhaṃ , and is marked by no horizontal head line, and a less geometric shape than its Devanagari counterpart, ञ. The inherent vowel of Bengali consonant letters is /ɔ/, so the bare letter ঞ will sometimes be transliterated as "ño" instead of "ña". Adding a "okar" (ও-কার), the "o" vowel mark, gives a reading of /ɲo/. Like all Indic consonants, ঞ can be modified by marks to indicate another (or no) vowel than its inherent "a".

Bengali ঞ with vowel marks
ña ñā ñi ñī ñu ñū ñr ñr̄ ñe ñai ño ñau ñ
ঞা ঞি ঞী ঞু ঞূ ঞৃ ঞৄ ঞে ঞৈ ঞো ঞৌ ঞ্

ঞ in Bengali-using languages

ঞ is used as a basic consonant character in all of the major Bengali script orthographies, including Bengali and Assamese.

Conjuncts with ঞ

Bengali ঞ exhibits conjunct ligatures, as is common in Indic scripts, with a mix of both stacked and linear ligatures.[3]

  • চ্ (c) + ঞ (ña) gives the ligature cña:

  • জ্ (j) + ঞ (ña) gives the ligature jña:

  • ঞ্ (ñ) + চ (ca) gives the ligature ñca:

  • ঞ্ (ñ) + ছ (cʰa) gives the ligature ñcʰa:

  • ঞ্ (ñ) + জ (ja) gives the ligature ñja:

  • ঞ্ (ñ) + ঝ (jʰa) gives the ligature ñjʰa:

  • ষ্ (ṣ) + ঞ (ña) gives the ligature ṣña:

Gurmukhi script

Ñaññā (, Punjabi: ਞੱਞਾ ñaññā) is a consonant of Gurmukhi. It is represented in Shahmukhi with Punjabi: ں nun gunnah or Punjabi: ن nun.

Gujarati Ña

Ña () is a consonant of the Gujarati abugida. It is derived from the Devanagari Ña Nya, and ultimately the Brahmi letter Nya.

Gujarati Ña.

Ña () is a consonant of the Gujarati abugida. It is derived from the Devanagari Ña Nya with the top bar (shiro rekha) removed, and ultimately the Brahmi letter Nya.

Gujarati-using Languages

The Gujarati script is used to write the Gujarati and Kutchi languages. In both languages, ઞ is pronounced as [ɲə] or [ɲ] when appropriate. Like all Indic scripts, Gujarati uses vowel marks attached to the base consonant to override the inherent /ə/ vowel:

Ña Ñā Ñi Ñī Ñu Ñū Ñr Ñl Ñr̄ Ñl̄ Ñĕ Ñe Ñai Ñŏ Ño Ñau Ñ
Gujarati Ña syllables, with vowel marks in red.

Conjuncts with ઞ

Half form of Ña.

Gujarati ઞ exhibits conjunct ligatures, much like its parent Devanagari Script. Most Gujarati conjuncts can only be formed by reducing the letter shape to fit tightly to the following letter, usually by dropping a character's vertical stem, sometimes referred to as a "half form". A few conjunct clusters can be represented by a true ligature, instead of a shape that can be broken into constituent independent letters, and vertically stacked conjuncts can also be found in Gujarati, although much less commonly than in Devanagari. True ligatures are quite rare in Indic scripts. The most common ligated conjuncts in Gujarati are in the form of a slight mutation to fit in context or as a consistent variant form appended to the adjacent characters. Those variants include Na and the Repha and Rakar forms of Ra.

  • ર્ (r) + ઞ (ɲa) gives the ligature RÑa:

  • ઞ્ (ɲ) + ર (ra) gives the ligature ÑRa:

  • જ્ (j) + ઞ (ɲa) gives the ligature JÑa:

  • ર્ (r) + જ (ja) ઞ (ɲa) gives the ligature RJÑa:

  • જ (ja) + ઞ્ (ɲ) + ર (ra) gives the ligature JÑRa:

  • ઞ્ (ɲ) + ન (na) gives the ligature ÑNa:

Javanese script

Telugu Ña

Telugu Ña
Telugu subjoined Ña
Telugu independent and subjoined Ña.

Ña () is a consonant of the Telugu abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter Ñ. It is closely related to the Kannada letter . Since it lacks the v-shaped headstroke common to most Telugu letters, ఞ remains unaltered by most vowel matras, and its subjoined form is simply a smaller version of the normal letter shape. Telugu conjuncts are created by reducing trailing letters to a subjoined form that appears below the initial consonant of the conjunct. Many subjoined forms are created by dropping their headline, with many extending the end of the stroke of the main letter body to form an extended tail reaching up to the right of the preceding consonant. This subjoining of trailing letters to create conjuncts is in contrast to the leading half forms of Devanagari and Bengali letters. Ligature conjuncts are not a feature in Telugu, with the only non-standard construction being an alternate subjoined form of Ṣa (borrowed from Kannada) in the KṢa conjunct.

Malayalam Ña

Malayalam letter Ña

Ña () is a consonant of the Malayalam abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter Ñ, via the Grantha letter Ña Ña. Like in other Indic scripts, Malayalam consonants have the inherent vowel "a", and take one of several modifying vowel signs to represent syllables with another vowel or no vowel at all.

Malayalam Ña matras: Ña, Ñā, Ñi, Ñī, Ñu, Ñū, Ñr̥, Ñr̥̄, Ñl̥, Ñl̥̄, Ñe, Ñē, Ñai, Ño, Ñō, Ñau, and Ñ.

Conjuncts of ഞ

As is common in Indic scripts, Malayalam joins letters together to form conjunct consonant clusters. There are several ways in which conjuncts are formed in Malayalam texts: using a post-base form of a trailing consonant placed under the initial consonant of a conjunct, a combined ligature of two or more consonants joined together, a conjoining form that appears as a combining mark on the rest of the conjunct, the use of an explicit candrakkala mark to suppress the inherent "a" vowel, or a special consonant form called a "chillu" letter, representing a bare consonant without the inherent "a" vowel. Texts written with the modern reformed Malayalam orthography, put̪iya lipi, may favor more regular conjunct forms than older texts in paḻaya lipi, due to changes undertaken in the 1970s by the Government of Kerala.

  • ഞ് (ñ) + ച (ca) gives the ligature ñca:

  • ഞ് (ñ) + ജ (ja) gives the ligature ñja:

  • ജ് (j) + ഞ (ña) gives the ligature jña:

  • ഞ് (ñ) + ഞ (ña) gives the ligature ñña:

Thai script

Yo Ying (, Thai: ญอ หญิง) is the thirteenth letter of the Thai script. It falls under the low class of Thai consonants. In IPA, yo ying is pronounced as [j] at the beginning of the syllable and [n] at the end of syllable and in Old Thai, it was pronounced as [ɲ], Thai consonants do not form conjunct ligatures, and use the pinthu—an explicit virama with a dot shape—to indicate bare consonants. In the acrophony of the Thai script, ying (หญิง) means ‘woman’. Yo Ying corresponds to the Sanskrit character ‘ञ’.

Odia Ña

Odia independent letter Ña

Ña () is a consonant of the Odia abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter Ñ, via the Siddhaṃ letter Ña Ña. Like in other Indic scripts, Odia consonants have the inherent vowel "a", and take one of several modifying vowel signs to represent syllables with another vowel or no vowel at all.

Odia Ña with vowel matras
Ña Ñā Ñi Ñī Ñu Ñū Ñr̥ Ñr̥̄ Ñl̥ Ñl̥̄ Ñe Ñai Ño Ñau Ñ
ଞା ଞି ଞୀ ଞୁ ଞୂ ଞୃ ଞୄ ଞୢ ଞୣ ଞେ ଞୈ ଞୋ ଞୌ ଞ୍

Conjuncts of ଞ

As is common in Indic scripts, Odia joins letters together to form conjunct consonant clusters. ଞ does not have the small subjoined form that is the most common means of conjunct formation in Odia. The second type of conjunct formation is through pure ligatures, where the constituent consonants are written together in a single graphic form. This ligature may be recognizable as being a combination of two characters or it can have a conjunct ligature unrelated to its constituent characters. For other conjuncts, an explicit Halanta is needed when adding ଞ.

  • ଞ୍ (ñ) + ଚ (ca) gives the ligature ñca:

  • ଞ୍ (ñ) + ଛ (cʰa) gives the ligature ñcʰa:

  • ଞ୍ (ñ) + ଜ (ja) gives the ligature ñja:

  • ଞ୍ (ñ) + ଝ (jʰa) gives the ligature ñjʰa:

  • ଜ୍ (j) + ଞ (ña) gives the ligature jña:

Kaithi Ña

Kaithi consonant Ña
Kaithi half-form letter Ña
Kaithi consonant and half-form Ña.

Ña (𑂖) is a consonant of the Kaithi abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter Ñ, via the Siddhaṃ letter Ña Ña. Like in other Indic scripts, Kaithi consonants have the inherent vowel "a", and take one of several modifying vowel signs to represent syllables with another vowel or no vowel at all.

Kaithi Ña with vowel matras
Ña Ñā Ñi Ñī Ñu Ñū Ñe Ñai Ño Ñau Ñ
𑂖 𑂖𑂰 𑂖𑂱 𑂖𑂲 𑂖𑂳 𑂖𑂴 𑂖𑂵 𑂖𑂶 𑂖𑂷 𑂖𑂸 𑂖𑂹

Conjuncts of 𑂖

As is common in Indic scripts, Kaithi joins letters together to form conjunct consonant clusters. The most common conjunct formation is achieved by using a half form of preceding consonants, although several consonants use an explicit virama. Most half forms are derived from the full form by removing the vertical stem. As is common in most Indic scripts, conjucts of ra are indicated with a repha or rakar mark attached to the rest of the consonant cluster. In addition, there are a few vertical conjuncts that can be found in Kaithi writing, but true ligatures are not used in the modern Kaithi script.

  • 𑂩୍ (r) + 𑂖 (ña) gives the ligature rña:

Comparison of Ña

The various Indic scripts are generally related to each other through adaptation and borrowing, and as such the glyphs for cognate letters, including Ña, are related as well.

Comparison of Ña in different scripts
Aramaic
Ña
Kharoṣṭhī
-
Ashoka Brahmi
Ña
Kushana Brahmi[a]
Ña
Tocharian[b]
Ña
Gupta Brahmi
Ña
Pallava
Ña
Kadamba
-
Bhaiksuki
𑰗
Siddhaṃ
Ña
Grantha
-
Cham
-
Sinhala
Pyu /
Old Mon[c]
-
Tibetan
Ña
Newa
𑐘
Ahom
𑜐
Malayalam
Telugu
Burmese
ဉ / ည
Lepcha
-
Ranjana
Ña
Saurashtra
-
Dives Akuru
𑤕
Kannada
Kayah Li
-
Limbu
-
Soyombo[d]
𑩥
Khmer
Tamil
Ña
Chakma
𑄐
Tai Tham
Meitei Mayek
-
Gaudi
-
Thai
Lao
Tai Le
-
Marchen
𑱹
Tirhuta
-
New Tai Lue
-
Tai Viet
-
Aksara Kawi
Ña
'Phags-pa
-
Odia
Sharada
-
Rejang
-
Batak
Buginese
Zanabazar Square
𑨓
Bengali-Assamese
Ña
Takri
-
Javanese
-
Balinese
-
Makasar
𑻫
Hangul[e]
-
Northern Nagari
-
Dogri
𑠓
Laṇḍā
-
Sundanese
-
Baybayin
-
Modi
-
Gujarati
Khojki
-
Khudabadi
-
Mahajani
-
Tagbanwa
-
Devanagari
Ña
Nandinagari
𑦷
Kaithi
Ña
Gurmukhi
Multani
𑊏
Buhid
-
Canadian Syllabics[f]
-
Soyombo[g]
𑩥
Sylheti Nagari
-
Gunjala Gondi
-
Masaram Gondi[h]
𑴕
Hanuno'o
-
Notes
  1. ^ The middle "Kushana" form of Brahmi is a later style that emerged as Brahmi scripts were beginning to proliferate. Gupta Brahmi was definitely a stylistic descendant from Kushana, but other Brahmi-derived scripts may have descended from earlier forms.
  2. ^ Tocharian is probably derived from the middle period "Kushana" form of Brahmi, although artifacts from that time are not plentiful enough to establish a definite succession.
  3. ^ Pyu and Old Mon are probably the precursors of the Burmese script, and may be derived from either the Pallava or Kadamba script
  4. ^ May also be derived from Devangari (see bottom left of table)
  5. ^ The Origin of Hangul from 'Phags-pa is one of limited influence, inspiring at most a few basic letter shapes. Hangul does not function as an Indic abugida.
  6. ^ Although the basic letter forms of the Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics were derived from handwritten Devanagari letters, this abugida indicates vowel sounds by rotations of the letter form, rather than the use of vowel diacritics as is standard in Indic abugidas.
  7. ^ May also be derived from Ranjana (see above)
  8. ^ Masaram Gondi acts as an Indic abugida, but its letterforms were not derived from any single precursor script.


Character encodings of Ña

Most Indic scripts are encoded in the Unicode Standard, and as such the letter Ña in those scripts can be represented in plain text with unique codepoint. Ña from several modern-use scripts can also be found in legacy encodings, such as ISCII.

Character information
Preview
Unicode name DEVANAGARI LETTER NYA BENGALI LETTER NYA TAMIL LETTER NYA TELUGU LETTER NYA ORIYA LETTER NYA KANNADA LETTER NYA MALAYALAM LETTER NYA GUJARATI LETTER NYA GURMUKHI LETTER NYA
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 2334 U+091E 2462 U+099E 2974 U+0B9E 3102 U+0C1E 2846 U+0B1E 3230 U+0C9E 3358 U+0D1E 2718 U+0A9E 2590 U+0A1E
UTF-8 224 164 158 E0 A4 9E 224 166 158 E0 A6 9E 224 174 158 E0 AE 9E 224 176 158 E0 B0 9E 224 172 158 E0 AC 9E 224 178 158 E0 B2 9E 224 180 158 E0 B4 9E 224 170 158 E0 AA 9E 224 168 158 E0 A8 9E
Numeric character reference ञ ञ ঞ ঞ ஞ ஞ ఞ ఞ ଞ ଞ ಞ ಞ ഞ ഞ ઞ ઞ ਞ ਞ
ISCII 188 BC 188 BC 188 BC 188 BC 188 BC 188 BC 188 BC 188 BC 188 BC


Character information
Preview
Ashoka
Kushana
Gupta
Unicode name BRAHMI LETTER NYA SIDDHAM LETTER NYA
Encodings decimal hex dec hex
Unicode 69660 U+1101C 71063 U+11597
UTF-8 240 145 128 156 F0 91 80 9C 240 145 150 151 F0 91 96 97
UTF-16 55300 56348 D804 DC1C 55301 56727 D805 DD97
Numeric character reference 𑀜 𑀜 𑖗 𑖗


Character information
Preview 𑨓 𑐘 𑰗
Unicode name TIBETAN LETTER NYA TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER NYA ZANABAZAR SQUARE LETTER NYA NEWA LETTER NYA BHAIKSUKI LETTER NYA
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 3913 U+0F49 3993 U+0F99 72211 U+11A13 70680 U+11418 72727 U+11C17
UTF-8 224 189 137 E0 BD 89 224 190 153 E0 BE 99 240 145 168 147 F0 91 A8 93 240 145 144 152 F0 91 90 98 240 145 176 151 F0 91 B0 97
UTF-16 3913 0F49 3993 0F99 55302 56851 D806 DE13 55301 56344 D805 DC18 55303 56343 D807 DC17
Numeric character reference ཉ ཉ ྙ ྙ 𑨓 𑨓 𑐘 𑐘 𑰗 𑰗


Character information
Preview
Unicode name MYANMAR LETTER NYA MYANMAR LETTER NNYA TAI THAM LETTER NYA
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 4105 U+1009 4106 U+100A 6700 U+1A2C
UTF-8 225 128 137 E1 80 89 225 128 138 E1 80 8A 225 168 172 E1 A8 AC
Numeric character reference ဉ ဉ ည ည ᨬ ᨬ


Character information
Preview
Unicode name KHMER LETTER NYO LAO LETTER PALI NYA THAI CHARACTER YO YING
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 6025 U+1789 3726 U+0E8E 3597 U+0E0D
UTF-8 225 158 137 E1 9E 89 224 186 142 E0 BA 8E 224 184 141 E0 B8 8D
Numeric character reference ញ ញ ຎ ຎ ญ ญ


Character information
Preview 𑄐 𑜐 𑤕
Unicode name SINHALA LETTER TAALUJA NAASIKYAYA CHAKMA LETTER NYAA AHOM LETTER NYA DIVES AKURU LETTER NYA
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 3492 U+0DA4 69904 U+11110 71440 U+11710 71957 U+11915
UTF-8 224 182 164 E0 B6 A4 240 145 132 144 F0 91 84 90 240 145 156 144 F0 91 9C 90 240 145 164 149 F0 91 A4 95
UTF-16 3492 0DA4 55300 56592 D804 DD10 55301 57104 D805 DF10 55302 56597 D806 DD15
Numeric character reference ඤ ඤ 𑄐 𑄐 𑜐 𑜐 𑤕 𑤕


Character information
Preview 𑦷 𑩥
Unicode name NANDINAGARI LETTER NYA SOYOMBO LETTER NYA KAITHI LETTER NYA
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 72119 U+119B7 72293 U+11A65 69782 U+11096
UTF-8 240 145 166 183 F0 91 A6 B7 240 145 169 165 F0 91 A9 A5 240 145 130 150 F0 91 82 96
UTF-16 55302 56759 D806 DDB7 55302 56933 D806 DE65 55300 56470 D804 DC96
Numeric character reference 𑦷 𑦷 𑩥 𑩥 𑂖 𑂖


Character information
Preview 𑱹
Unicode name MARCHEN LETTER NYA
Encodings decimal hex
Unicode 72825 U+11C79
UTF-8 240 145 177 185 F0 91 B1 B9
UTF-16 55303 56441 D807 DC79
Numeric character reference 𑱹 𑱹


Character information
Preview 𑠓 𑊏
Unicode name DOGRA LETTER NYA MULTANI LETTER NYA
Encodings decimal hex dec hex
Unicode 71699 U+11813 70287 U+1128F
UTF-8 240 145 160 147 F0 91 A0 93 240 145 138 143 F0 91 8A 8F
UTF-16 55302 56339 D806 DC13 55300 56975 D804 DE8F
Numeric character reference 𑠓 𑠓 𑊏 𑊏


Character information
Preview 𑻫
Unicode name BATAK LETTER NYA BUGINESE LETTER NYA MAKASAR LETTER NYA
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 7136 U+1BE0 6670 U+1A0E 73451 U+11EEB
UTF-8 225 175 160 E1 AF A0 225 168 142 E1 A8 8E 240 145 187 171 F0 91 BB AB
UTF-16 7136 1BE0 6670 1A0E 55303 57067 D807 DEEB
Numeric character reference ᯠ ᯠ ᨎ ᨎ 𑻫 𑻫


Character information
Preview 𑴕
Unicode name MASARAM GONDI LETTER NYA
Encodings decimal hex
Unicode 72981 U+11D15
UTF-8 240 145 180 149 F0 91 B4 95
UTF-16 55303 56597 D807 DD15
Numeric character reference 𑴕 𑴕



References

  1. ^ Evolutionary chart, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal Vol 7, 1838 [1]
  2. ^ Pall, Peeter. "Microsoft Word - kblhi2" (PDF). Eesti Keele Instituudi kohanimeandmed. Eesti Keele Instituudi kohanimeandmed. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
  3. ^ "The Bengali Alphabet" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-09-28.
^note Conjuncts are identified by IAST transliteration, except aspirated consonants are indicated with a superscript "h" to distinguish from an unaspirated cononant + Ha, and the use of the IPA "ŋ" and "ʃ" instead of the less dinstinctive "ṅ" and "ś".

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