Russian invasion of Ukraine order of battle
This is the order of battle for the Russian invasion of Ukraine . It should not be considered complete; up-to-date; nor fully accurate, being based on open-source press reporting.
An updated order of battle estimate for April 23, 2023, by the Institute for the Study of War is accessible at:
Another ISW-relevant publication, published in October 2023:
Russian forces in 2022
General of the Army
Valery Gerasimov , Chief of the General Staff and commander of Russian forces in Ukraine
Administrative chain of command
Commanders of the various MOD armed services and branches do not have operational control over the forces. They are responsible for force development and generation. The Chiefs of the ground forces, aerospace forces, navy, strategic missile forces, and airborne forces also hold the appointments of Deputy Ministers of Defence, junior to the Chief of the General Staff , who is the First Deputy Minister of Defence.
The General Staff commands and controls forces through the National Defence Management Centre (NDMC). Operational control of the forces was carried out by the five Operational-Strategic Commands—the Western, Southern, Central, and Eastern Military Districts and the OSK Northern Fleet , which is their equal. The Western and Southern Military Districts share borders with Ukraine and are directly involved in command and control of operations.
Pre-2022 Russian military doctrine had specified that on the outbreak of war, armed forces from non-MOD services (like Rosgvardiya) would be placed under the General Staff.[ 1]
Initial force groupings
Ukrainian military commentator Yuri Butusov listed the following initial March 2022 deployment of Russian/allied forces:[ 13]
Grouping
Role
Located around
Forces from
Estimated strength
Southwestern Belarus
blocking contingent against Ukrainian forces in Western Ukraine
Brest , Luninyets , Baranavichy , Asipovichy and Minsk
6–7 battalion tactical groups (BTGs)
Southeastern Belarus
Kyiv offensive direction
Vepri, Elsin, Brahin , Khainini, Rechytsa and Mazyr
5th , 35th and 36th Combined Arms Armies (CAA)
7–9 BTGs
Bryansk
Chernihiv offensive direction
Klimovo, Klintsy , Pochep and Sevsk
41st CAA and the 90th Guards Tank Division
3 BTGs
Kursk–Belgorod
Sumy offensive direction
Tomarovka , Vesela Lopan', Zorino, Pristen', Kursk and Belgorod
6th and 20th CAAs
4 BTGs
Voronezh
Kharkiv offensive direction
Stary Oskol , Soloti , Valuyki , Boguchar , Pogonovo and Voronezh
6th Tank and 20th CAAs
13–14 BTGs
Smolensk
operational reserve of the northern front
Yelnya
20th and 41st CAAs
6–7 BTGs
Rostov
Donbas and eastern Sea of Azov offensive direction
Rostov-on-Don and Kamensk-Shakhtinskiy
8th CAA [ a]
6 BTGs
Crimea
southern Ukraine offensive direction
Crimean Peninsula (Slavne, Dzhankoi , Novoozerne , Yevpatoria , Sevastopol , Oktyabrskoye , Bakhchysarar , Angarskyi , Feodosia , Opuk )
up to 13 BTGs
Kuban
operational reserve of the southern front
Kuban Peninsula (Novorossiysk , Korenovsk , Primorsko-Akhtarsk , Krasnodar , Mol'kino and Maykop ) and Stavropol
6 BTGs
Russian leaders 2022-23
Despite evolving Russian doctrine, which specified all troops and forces operating from one Operational-Strategic Command (OSK) be placed under one commander, multiple repeated sources (Rochan Consulting, Center for Naval Analysis , British Ministry of Defence) reported that separate groupings of forces drawn from each of the four military districts, under the leadership of senior personnel from that military district, took part in the initial invasion.[ 14]
President Vladimir Putin was repeatedly reported to be very involved, sometimes giving orders to field formations.[ 15]
In April 2022, the invasion began to run into setbacks; Russian forces were forced to withdraw from their attempt to take Kyiv . Therefore, a single senior coordinating officer was appointed to handle the more protracted war.
Army General Aleksandr Dvornikov (8 April 2022 – 25 June 2022): placed in overall charge of military operations in Ukraine, effectively ending the grouping system;[ 16]
Colonel General Gennady Zhidko (26 June 2022 – 7 October 2022): appointed by Vladimir Putin to the top position, replacing Dvornikov;[ 16]
Army General Sergey Surovikin (8 October 2022 – 11 January 2023): previously commander of the Aerospace Forces and Army Group South, replacing Zhidko in overall command.[ 17]
Russian forces
Since 12 January 2023, Chief of the General Staff Army General Valery Gerasimov was appointed as commander of military operations in Ukraine, with Surovikin as his deputy.[ 18]
The actual operational chain of command of the Russian military effort in Ukraine is not public, changes, and is a mix of state and non-state bodies. Personal rivalries are evident. President Vladimir Putin, however, remains firmly in control, sometimes micromanaging. The loose connection of various mercenary bodies and Ramzan Kadyrov 's Chechens to the official command chain[ 19] has been represented by placing them under headers separate to the Russian Armed Forces.
It is unclear how tactical fighter, ground attack, and strategic bomber "sorties" (one flight of one aircraft) are scheduled and controlled.
On 18 April 2023, Russian official sources said that President Putin had held meetings in the Kherson area with several commanders. The President "..received reports from the commander of the Dnepr forces grouping, General Lieutenant Oleg Makarevich , the commander of the Vostok [Eastern] forces grouping, General Lieutenant Andrey Kuzmenko , and the deputy commander of the combined grouping, General Colonel Mikhail Teplinsky ."[ 20] The meetings likely took place before April 16.
Direct Forces under President
Mercenaries and Foreign Fighters
Militias
Storm Ossetia (Commander: Ayvengo Tekhov † )[ 42] (disbanded in June 19, 2023)
Alania Battalion[ 43]
Vladlen Tatarsky Battalion[ 44]
Reserve units of the Russian Armed Forces
Chechens
Spetsnaz units
Clear evidence as to which Grouping of Forces these brigades belong to is not readily available.
Units returned to Russia:
Joint Group of Forces
Central Military District (TsVO) (Commander: Lieutenant General Andrey Mordvichev from 17 February 2023 (formerly Major General Alexander Linkov)[ 61] [ 62]
Eastern Military District (VVO) (Lieutenant-General Andrei Kuzmenko [ 94] (unconfirmed) (from late March 2023) (formerly Lieutenant General Rustam Muradov (from June 2022, dismissed April 2023) )[ 95] [ 96]
5th Combined Arms Army , EMD (Lieutenant General Aleksey Podivilov [ru ] )[ 63]
80th Command Brigade
127th Motor Rifle Division [ 97]
114th Motor Rifle Regiment[ 98]
143rd Motor Rifle Regiment[ 99] [ 100]
392nd Motor Rifle Regiment [ 101]
394th Motor Rifle Regiment[ 102]
433rd Motor Rifle Regiment[ 103]
218th Tank Regiment[ 101]
872nd Self-Propelled Artillery Regiment (Lieutenant Colonel Fyodor Evgenievich Solovyov † )[ 104]
57th Separate Motor Rifle Brigade[ 105]
60th Separate Motor Rifle Brigade[ 106]
305th Artillery Brigade[ 107]
8th Anti-Aircraft Brigade
29th Combined Arms Army , EMD (Major General Andrei Borisovich Kolesnikov )[ 63]
35th Combined Arms Army , EMD (Lieutenant General Aleksandr Semyonovich Sanchik [ru ] , Deputy Commander Major General Sergei Nyrkov [wounded, not returning to active duty][ 109] [ 110] [ 63] General-Major Sergey Goryachev , chief of staff.† [ 111] )
36th Combined Arms Army , EMD (Lieutenant General Valery Solodchuk ,[ 10] Deputy Commander Major General Andrei Anatolyevich Seritskiy, seriously wounded[ 119] )[ 120]
68th Army Corps , EMD (Lieutenant General Dmitry Valeryevich Glushenkov [ru ] )[ 10]
Naval Infantry of the Pacific Fleet
Airborne Forces
Western Military District (ZVO) (Commander: Lieutenant General Yevgeny Nikiforov ,[ 138] (formerly Colonel General Sergey Kuzovlev (October 2022 to December 2022) ), (formerly Colonel General Alexander Lapin (September 2022 to October 2022) ) (replaced Lieutenant General Roman Berdnikov (4 September to 19 September 2022) )[ 139] (replaced Lieutenant General Andrei Sychevoi [ 140] (from June 2022; reportedly dismissed by 4 September 2022) [ 141] (June 27 to August 26) [ 142] ) (replaced Colonel General Alexander Zhuravlyov in June 2022 )[ 143]
Southern Group of Forces (YuVO) (Commander: Colonel General Sergey Kuzovlev (from January 2023) ) (formerly General of Army Sergei Surovikin ), (from June 2022) [ 246] [ 247] (Deputy Commander: Lieutenant General Oleg Tsokov † )[ 248]
Storm-Z penal military units [ 351] (Commander: Yevgeny Burdinsky ) - as of September 25, 2023 "primarily active and mostly unsuccessful along the Donetsk City-Avdiivka frontline and on the Luhansk-Kharkiv Oblast front. [ISW]"[ 352]
Rosgvardiya
Ukrainian forces
Lieutenant General
Yurii Sodol , Commander of the Joint Operational Command
See also
Notes
^ Ukraine says the 8th CAA has operational control over the Donetsk People's Republic People's Militia and the Luhansk People's Republic People's Militia, naming them the Russian 1st and 2nd Army Corps
^ According to the Law "On The National Guard of Ukraine" ("Про Національну гвардію України" ) Article 6, paragraph 3: "With the enactment of a state of martial law, the National Guard of Ukraine shall be prepared to perform its assigned tasks and shall be subordinated to the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, except for the military units tasked with escorting and guarding people under arrest and those military units guarding diplomatic missions.")[ 409]
^ Commanders of the three armed services hold no operational authority. They are subordinated to the commander-in-chief.
^ According to the Law "On The National Security of Ukraine", the commanders of the armed services and separate combat arms generate the combat units and give over operational control over them to the Commander of the Joint Operational Command
^ commands the armed forces and security forces contingents facing the Russian-controlled Donbass separatist forces, successor to the previous Anti-Terror Operation (ATO )
^ previously the Ukrainian Volunteer Corps
References
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^ Резервы России заканчиваются. Как Украина получила преимущество в живой силе на фронте
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: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link )
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^ Border guards destroy 5 Shaheds in Odesa Region
^ Every Russian missile only confirms that all this must end with a tribunal - address by the President of Ukraine
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^ NGU3014
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^ Захисники. Денис Нохрін — майор Нацгвардії України зі Слов'янська
^ #Вірю_в_ЗСУ: Нацгвардієць Денис Нохрін отримав відзнаку Президента за заслуги на передовій та організацію оборони під час боїв за Сєвєродонецьк
^ Вдесятьох проти пів сотні окупантів — так воює сталева піхота. Інтерв’ю заступника командира Слов’янського полку НГУ
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^ Як Нацгвардії з побратимами із ЗСУ вдалося утримати «північну фортецю» — Чернігів
^ Відслужив у Нацгвардії 25 років: лучанин повернувся на службу, щоб захищати Україну
^ Перші втрати на Пологівщині: загинув наш захисник Олексій Хвостик з Вербового — Новини міста Пологи
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: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link )
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^ У Миколаївській області загинув командир одеського батальйону морської піхоти. 05.06.2022, 10:54
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^ Президент вручив нагороди військовим та членам родин загиблих захисників, яким присвоєно звання Героя України
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^ #97 Фронтова поплава
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^ Раз на сайті Офісу Президента про то написали, то можна не приховувати
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^ ‘Ranger’ Regiment Armed with Heavy Equipment
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Overview
General Prelude Background Foreign relations
Impact
Effects Human rights Terms and phrases Popular culture
Key people
Ukrainians Russians Other