Lithium tetrachloroaluminate

Lithium tetrachloroaluminate
Names
	IUPAC name Lithium tetrachloroaluminate
	Other names LAC; Lithium aluminium chloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	14024-11-4 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	21160220 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.034.396
EC Number	237-850-9;
PubChem CID	16700422;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID50893949 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Al.4ClH.Li/h;41H;/q+3;;;;;+1/p-4 Key: AQLRWYUVWAYZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-J ; InChI=1/Al.4ClH.Li/h;41H;/q+3;;;;;+1/p-4/rAlCl4.Li/c2-1(3,4)5;/q-1;+1 Key: AQLRWYUVWAYZFO-VCMAQHAHAL;
	SMILES [Li+].Cl[Al-](Cl)(Cl)Cl;
Properties
Chemical formula	Li[AlCl4]
Molar mass	175.72 g·mol−1
Appearance	White hygroscopic crystalline powder
Odor	Odorless
Melting point	143 °C (289 °F; 416 K)
Solubility in water	Soluble. Reacts violently with water.
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H302, H312, H314, H332
Precautionary statements	P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P321, P322, P330, P363, P405, P501
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Lithium tetrachloroaluminate is an inorganic compound with the formula Li[Al Cl₄].^[4] It consists of lithium cations Li⁺ and tetrahedral tetrachloroaluminate anions [AlCl₄]⁻.

Uses

Lithium tetrachloroaluminate is used in some lithium batteries. A solution of lithium tetrachloroaluminate in thionyl chloride is the liquid cathode and electrolyte in those baterries, e.g. the lithium-thionyl chloride cell. Another cathode-electrolyte formulation is lithium tetrachloroaluminate + thionyl chloride + sulfur dioxide + bromine.

Reactions

Reacts violently with water, alcohols and oxidizing agents. Upon exposure to heat or fire, it decomposes emitting irritating and toxic fumes and smoke of hydrogen chloride, lithium oxide and aluminium oxide.^[3]

Toxicity

Upon contact with skin, causes burns. Inhalation causes coughing and corrosive injuries to the respiratory system, which can lead to pneumonia.^[1]^[3] This compound is extremely destructive to the mucous tissues. May cause pulmonary edema and edema of the larynx, laryngitis and edema of bronchi, leading to shortness of breath. May cause damage to the eyes, headache and nausea. If swallowed, may cause damage.^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Lithium tetrachloroaluminate".
^ ^a ^b ^c "Lithium Tetrachloroaluminate".
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Product sigmaaldrich.com ^{[dead link]}
^ Perenthaler, E.; Schulz, Heinz; Rabenau, A. "Crystal structures of lithium tetrachloroaluminate and sodium tetrachloroaluminate as a function of temperature" Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie (1982), 491, 259-65. doi:10.1002/zaac.19824910133