List of city name changes

This is a list of cities and towns whose names were officially changed at one or more points in history. It does not include gradual changes in spelling that took place over long periods of time.

see also: Geographical renaming, List of names of European cities in different languages, and List of renamed places in the United States

Afghanistan

Algeria

Angola

Argentina

  • La Plata → Ciudad Eva Perón → La Plata
  • Ciudad de la Santísima Trinidad y Puerto de Santa María del Buen Aire → Buenos Aires

Armenia

Australia

New South Wales

Northern Territory

Queensland

South Australia

Tasmania

Victoria

Western Australia

Austria

Azerbaijan

Bangladesh

Belarus

Belgium

Bolivia

Botswana

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Brazil

Brunei

Bulgaria

  • RatiariaArchar
  • Asenovgrad → Stanimaka → Asenovgrad (1934)
  • Scaptopara → Cuma-i Bala (Yukarı Cuma) → Gorna Dzhumaya → Blagoevgrad
  • Orhanie → Botevgrad
  • Pyrgos → Burgaz →Burgas
  • Hadzhioglu Pazardzhik → Tolbukhin (1949) → Dobrich (1990)
  • Dupniche → Marek → Stanke Dimitrov → Dupnitsa
  • Nevrokop → Gotse Delchev
  • Ortaköy → Ivailovgrad
  • Pautalia → Velbazhd → Köstendil → Kyustendil
  • Golyama Kutlovitsa → Kutlofça → Ferdinand (1890)→ Mihailovgrad (1945) → Montana (1993)
  • Mesembria → Misivri→ Nesebar
  • Tatar Pazardzhik → Pazardzhik
  • Kendros (Kendrisos/Kendrisia) → Odryssa → Eumolpia → Philipopolis → Trimontium → Ulpia → Flavia → Julia → Paldin/Ploudin → Poulpoudeva → Filibe → Plovdiv
  • Anchialos → Tuthom → Anhyolu → Anhialo → Pomorie
  • Ruschuk (Rusčuk) → Rousse
  • Şumnu → Shumen → Kolarovgrad (1950) → Shumen (1965)
  • Durostorum → Dorostol → Drastar → Silistre → Silistra
  • Bashmakli → Ahiçelebi → Smolyan
  • Serdica → Sredets → Triaditsa → Sofya →Sofia
  • Beroe → Vereya (Beroya) → Ulpia Augusta Trajana → Irinopolis → Boruy → Vereya → Eski Zağra → Zheleznik → Stara Zagora
  • Golyamo Konare → Saedinenie
  • Eski Dzhumaia (Eski Cuma) → Targovishte
  • Vassiliko → Tsarevo → Michurin → Tsarevo
  • Odesos → Varna → Stalin (1949)→ Varna (1956)
  • Tarnovgrad → Tarnovo → Tırnova → Tarnovo → Veliko Tarnovo
  • Bononia → Bdin → Vidin

Canada

Alberta

British Columbia

Manitoba

New Brunswick

Nunavut

Ontario

Prince Edward Island

Québec

Saskatchewan

Central African Republic

Chad

Chile

China

  • Amoy† → Hsia-men† → Xiamen
  • Ji → Yanjing → Zhongdu → Dadu → Jingshi → Khanbalik (as Mongol capital) → Peking † → Peiping → Beijing
  • Fenghao (豐鎬) → Chang'an (長安) or Xijing (西京) → Daxing (大興) → Fengyuan (奉元) → Anxi (安西) → Jingzhao (京兆) → Xi'an (西安)
  • Iling → Ichang† → Yichang
  • Jiankang → Jiangning → Jinling → Nanking† → Nanjing
  • Bianliang → Bianjing → Kaifeng
  • Lin'an → Hangchow† → Hangzhou
  • Soochow† → Suzhou
  • Yinxu → Anyang
  • Shenyang → Shengjing → Fengtianfu → Mukden → Fengtian → Shenyang
  • Ch'ing-ni-wa → Lüshunkou (aka Port Arthur) → Dalnyi → Dairen; Ryojun → Lüda→ Dalian
  • Kweisui† → Guisui → Hohhot
  • Tihua† → Dihua → Ürümqi
  • Changchun → Hsinking → Changchun

†Name change in English due to replacement of postal romanization with the pinyin system. The Chinese name is unchanged.

Colombia

  • Bacatá → Santa Fe de Bacatá → Bogotá → Santa Fe de Bogotá → Bogotá
  • Obando → Puerto Inírida → Inirida
  • Patriarca San José → Cúcuta → San José de Cucúta → Cúcuta
  • Valle de Upar → Ciudad de los Santos Reyes de Valledupar → Valle Dupar → Valledupar
  • Nuestra Señora Santa María de los Remedios del Cabo de la Vela → Nuestra Señora de los Remedios del Río de la Hacha → Riohacha
  • Barbudo → Santiago de Sompayón → Tamalameque → Santiago de Sompayón Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria de El Banco → El Banco
  • San Jerónimo de Buenavista → Pereira
  • Apiay → Villavicencio
  • Pueblo Viejo → San Francisco de Quibdó → Quibdó
  • San Bonifacio de Ibagué del valle de las Lanzas → Ibagué
  • Villaviciosa de la Concepción de la Provincia de Hatunllacta → Villaviciosa de la Concepción de San Juan de los Pastos → San Juan de Pasto
  • San Antonio → Leticia
  • Santa Cruz de Pizarro → Santa Cruz de San José → Sitionuevo → Sitio Nuevo
  • Villa Holguín → Armenia

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Republic of the Congo

Croatia

Czech Republic

Dominican Republic

  • Santo Domingo → Ciudad Trujillo (1936–1961) → Santo Domingo

Egypt

Many cities had Ancient Egyptian, Greek, and Latin names.

  • Iunyt, Ta-senet → Latopolis → Laton → Lato → Esna

Equatorial Guinea

  • Port Clarence → Santa Isabel → Malabo

Estonia

Eswatini

Finland

  • Kokkola/Gamlakarleby → Kokkola/Karleby (1977, only the Swedish name changed)
  • Mustasaari/Mussor → Wasa → Nikolaistad/Nikolainkaupunki (1862) → Vasa/Vaasa (1917)
  • Pargas/Parainen → Väståboland/Länsi-Turunmaa (2009) → Pargas/Parainen (2012)
  • Pyhäjärvi → Pyhäsalmi (1993) → Pyhäjärvi (1996)

France

See also List of French cities renamed during the Revolution [fr]

Most cities had an ancient name, usually in Latin, often of older Celtic origin

The Gambia

Georgia

Germany

Greece

Greenland

  • Friedrichstal → Frederiksdal → Narsarmijit (Narsaq Kujalleq)
  • Godthaab (Godthåb) → Nuuk
  • Lichtenau → Alluitsoq
  • Lichtenfels → Akunnat
  • Neu-Herrnhut → Nye-Hernhut → Noorlit → Old Nuuk

Guyana

  • Wismar-MacKenzie-Christianburg → Linden

Haiti

Hong Kong

Hungary

India

Indonesia

Iran

Ireland

Israel

Italy

Japan

Jordan

  • Rabbath Ammon → Philadelphia → Amman → Ahamant → Amman
  • Kerak → Al-Karak

Kazakhstan

Kenya

Kyrgyzstan

Laos

  • Xiang Dong Xiang Thong → Vientiane (1561) → Luang Phra Bang (1695) → Vientiane
  • Nakhon Kala Champaknaburisi → Nakhon Champa Nakhaburisi (1713) → Nakhon Champasak (1791) → Champasak [Bassac] (1863) → Pakse (1908)

Latvia

Lebanon

  • Heliopolis → Baalbek
  • Derbly, Ahlia, Wahlia, Mahallata, Mayza, Kayza, Athar (Phoenician/Assyrian) → Tripolis (Greek, Latin) → Atrabulus, Tarablus al-Sham (Arabic) → Trablusşam (Turkish) → Tripoli

Libya

  • Oea → Tripoli
  • Euesperides → Berenice → Hesperides → Barneeq → Marsa ibn Ghazi → Bani Ghazi → Benghazi

Lithuania

  • Georgenburg → Jurbarkas
  • Memel → Klaipėda (1923)
  • Pašešupys → Starapolė (1736) → Marijampolė (1758) → Kapsukas (1956) → Marijampolė (1989)
  • Šilokarčema → Šilutė (1923)
  • Vilkmergė → Ukmergė (1920s)
  • Medininkai → Varniai (16th century)
  • Sniečkus → Visaginas (1992)
  • Duoliebaičiai → Władysławów/Vladislavovas (1639) → Naumiestis → Kudirkos Naumiestis (1934)
  • Zarasai → Novoalexandrovsk (1836) → Ežerėnai (1919) → Zarasai (1929)
  • Mažeikiai → Muravyov (1899) → Mažeikiai (1918)

Madagascar

Malawi

Mauritius

  • Port Louis → Port de La Montagne (1794) → Port Nord-Ouest (1795) → Port Napoléon (1803) → Port Louis (1810)

Malaysia

Mexico

Republic of Moldova

Montenegro

  • Berane → Ivangrad (1949) → Berane (1992)
  • Birziminium → Ribnica → Podgorica (1326) → Titograd (1946) → Podgorica (1992)

Morocco

Mozambique

Myanmar

In many cases, the English name of the city changed due to different romanization systems, while the Burmese native remained unchanged.

Namibia

Netherlands

North Korea

†Japanese name during Korea under Japanese rule (1910–1945). The Korean name is unchanged.

North Macedonia

Norway

  • Ánslo → Christiania (1624) → Oslo (1925)
  • Kaupangen → Nidaros → Trondhjem → Nidaros → Trondheim
  • Fredrikshald → Halden
  • Bjørgvin → Bergen

Pakistan

Peru

  • Ciudad de los Reyes → Lima
  • San Pablo de Napeanos → Iquitos

Paraguay

Philippines

Poland

1 Cities in western Poland whose names were changed when Poland gained independence from Germany in 1918.
2 German cities from 1918 to 1939 that became part of Poland after 1945.

Portugal

Romania

Russia

Serbia

Seychelles

Singapore

Name change in English due to replacement of older romanization methods with the pinyin system. The Chinese name is unchanged.

Slovakia

Slovenia

South Africa

South Korea

  • Cheju (1397) → Jeju
  • Dalgubeol → Taegu (757 AD) → Daegu
  • Dongrae (before 1914) → Fusan (1914) → Pusan† (1945) → Busan
  • Duingji-hyeon → Yŏn'gi → Yeongi‡ → Sejong (2012)
  • Usisan → Uhwa → Heungrye-bu → Gonghwa-hyeon → Ulju (1018 AD) → Ulsan (1413)
  • Hanbat → Taejŏn → Daejeon
  • Mujin → Muju → Kwangju → Gwangju
  • Hansanju → Hanyang → HanseongGyeongseong/Keijō (1910) → Seoul (1945)
  • Michuhol → Soseong-hyeon → Gyeongwon-bu → Inch'ŏn (1413) → Jinsen† (1910) → Chemulpo (1945)→ Inch'ŏn (1945) → Incheon
  • Ungjin → Kongju → Gongju
  • Silchon-eup → Gonjiam-eup (Gwangju, Gyeonggi) (2011)
  • Doam-myeon → Daegwallyeong-myeon (Pyeongchang) (2007)

†Japanese name during Korea under Japanese rule (1910–1945). The Korean name is unchanged.
‡Name change in English due to replacement McCune-Reischauer with the Revised Romanization method in 2000. The Korean name is unchanged.

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Syria

  • Beroea → Aleppo
  • Balanea (Greek, Latin) → Baniyas (Arabic)
  • Emesa → Homs
  • (H)Amat(h)(a) (Aramaic, Assyrian) → Epiphania → Epiphania, Emath(oùs) (Greek) → Hamath → Hama
  • Laodicea ad MareLatakia
  • PalmyraTadmor
  • Rasaappa, Rasappa, Rasapi (Akadian) → Sergiopolis → Anastasiopolis (Greek, Latin) → Risapa, Rosafa (Latin) → Resafa (Arabic)

Taiwan

†Chinese name unchanged.

Tajikistan

Tanzania

Thailand

Turkey

Turkmenistan

Ukraine

United Kingdom

England

Scotland

Northern Ireland

United States

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

  • Green Valley → Payson
  • Rittenhouse → Queen Creek
  • Smithville → Pima
  • Swilling's Mill → Hellinwg Mill → Mill City → East Phoenix → Phoenix

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

[9]

Iowa

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Nebraska

Nevada

  • Horn Silver → Hornsilver → Goldpoint → Gold Point

New Hampshire

  • Derryfield → Manchester
  • Hilton's Pointe → Cochecho → Northam → Dover
  • Nashuway → Nashville → Nashua
  • Number Two → Middle Monadnock → Monadnock → Jaffrey
  • Nutfield → Londonderry
  • Plantation of Penney Cook → Penney Cook → Pennacook → Rumford → Concord
  • Piscatiqua → Strawberry Hill → Portsmouth
  • Suncook → Pembroke
  • Winnacunnet → Hampton

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

Ohio

Oregon

Pennsylvania

*Name used by the United States Board on Geographic Names from 1891 to 1911. The name used by the city in its official documents and on its seal was unchanged.

Rhode Island

South Carolina

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Uzbekistan

Venezuela

Vietnam

  • Tourane → Đà Nẵng
  • Djiring → Di Linh
  • Tống Bình → Long Đỗ → Đại La → Thăng Long → Đông Đô → Đông Kinh → Bắc Thành → Thăng Long → Hà Nội (Hanoi)
  • Hai Pho → Faifo → Hội An
  • Prey Nokor → Gia Định → Sài Gòn (Saigon) → Thành Phố Hồ Chí Minh (Ho Chi Minh City)
  • Phu Xuan → Huế
  • Ke Van → Ke Vinh → Vinh Giang → Vinh Doanh → Vinh Thi → Vinh

Zambia

Zimbabwe

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The renaming remains contentious, and is subject to a naming dispute to the present day.

References

  1. ^ "Ballarat History". Archived from the original on 2 February 2013. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
  2. ^ "City of Melbourne - History and heritage". Archived from the original on 16 January 2009. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
  3. ^ "Službene stranice Općine Novi Travnik - O Novom Travniku". www.ont.gov.ba.
  4. ^ "Repulse Bay to officially change name to Naujaat July 2 | CBC News".
  5. ^ "Fisher Fields".
  6. ^ "Службен весник на НРМ, 31/36" (PDF).
  7. ^ https://www.southlanarkshire.gov.uk/info/200165/local_and_family_history/615/east_kilbride_-_old_and_new
  8. ^ https://www.southlanarkshire.gov.uk/info/200165/local_and_family_history/615/east_kilbride_-_old_and_new
  9. ^ "Name Index to Illinois Local Governments". Illinois State Archive. Springfield, Illinois: Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  10. ^ "Robbinsville History". www.robbinsville-twp.org. Retrieved 31 January 2018.
  11. ^ "Handbook of Texas". Tshaonline.org. 11 August 2013. Retrieved 29 August 2013.
  12. ^ *Jasinski, Laurie E. (1 September 2006) "Frisco, Texas."
  13. ^ "Between the Forks | Irving, TX - Official Website". City of Irving – Irving Archives.
  14. ^ [1] Spanish Texas, Texas State Historical Society: The Handbook of Texas Online
  15. ^ Patoski, Joe Nick "It's Just Different Here", Preservation, July/August 2010, page 38
  16. ^ Laura Arksey (3 October 2009), "Spokane Falls (later renamed Spokane) is incorporated as a first-class city on November 29, 1881.", HistoryLink, Seattle: History Ink, The original Act of Incorporation spelled the city's name correctly, but the territorial printing office incorrectly spelled it as Spokan Falls, a phonetic spelling that was used elsewhere during the period, including on the 1880 census. This spelling was also used for Spokane's first newspaper, the Spokan Times.

Read other articles:

Provincia di Caltanissetta Negara  Italia Wilayah / Region Sicily Ibu kota Caltanissetta Area 2,128 km2 Population (2005) 275,221 Kepadatan 129 inhab./km2 Comuni 22 Nomor kendaraan CL Kode pos 93100, 93010-93020 Kode area telepon 0934, 0933, 0922 ISTAT 085 Presiden Giuseppe Federico Executive People of Freedom Pemilu terakhir June, 15 2008 Peta yang menunjukan lokasi provinsi Caltanissetta di Italia Caltanissetta (bahasa Italia: 'Provincia di Caltanissetta') adalah sebuah provinsi d...

 

Negara adidaya energi atau adikuasa energi adalah negara yang memasok sumber daya energi dalam jumlah besar (minyak mentah, gas alam, batu bara, dll.) ke sejumlah negara lain, dan oleh karena itu berpotensi untuk memengaruhi pasar dunia untuk mendapatkan keuntungan politik atau ekonomi. Rusia digambarkan sebagai negara adidaya energi,[1] seperti halnya Arab Saudi,[2] Kanada, Venezuela, dan Iran .[3][4][5] Amerika Serikat dikatakan sebagai negara adidaya...

 

Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber: Liga de Fútbol Profesional Boliviano – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR Liga de Fútbol Profesional BolivianoNegaraBoliviaKonfederasiCONMEBOLDibentukAugust 23, 1977Jumlah tim16Tingkat p...

Saint-Nizier-du-Moucherotte 1. L'église Saint-Nizier et son cimetière2. L'Hôtel de ville de Saint-Nizier3. Le site de l'église, le cimetière et les Trois Pucelles4. La nécropole de Saint-Nizier et le Moucherotte Administration Pays France Région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Département Isère Arrondissement Grenoble Intercommunalité Communauté de communes du massif du Vercors Maire Mandat Franck Girard-Carrabin (SE) 2020-2026 Code postal 38250 Code commune 38433 Démographie Gentilé Sain...

 

نيا رودا   تقسيم إداري البلد اليونان  [1] خصائص جغرافية إحداثيات 40°22′50″N 23°55′30″E / 40.38055556°N 23.925°E / 40.38055556; 23.925   الارتفاع 10 متر  السكان التعداد السكاني 1180 (resident population of Greece) (2021)1097 (resident population of Greece) (1991)1130 (resident population of Greece) (2001)1153 (resident population of Greece) (2011)...

 

جييرمو ديل تورو (بالإسبانية: Guillermo del Toro)‏  جييرمو ديل تورو عند معرض وندركون في أنهايم، كاليفورنيا. معلومات شخصية اسم الولادة جييرمو ديل تورو الميلاد 9 أكتوبر 1964 (العمر 59 سنة) غوادالاخارا، ولاية خاليسكو، المكسيكغوادالاخارا  الإقامة لوس أنجلوسغوادالاخاراتورونتو  ال�...

Henri Nogent-Saint-LaurensFonctionsConseiller généralCanton de Valréas1862-1870Député françaisLoiret4 septembre 1853 - 4 septembre 1870BiographieNaissance 27 décembre 1814OrangeDécès 30 janvier 1882 (à 67 ans)7e arrondissement de ParisNationalité françaiseActivités Homme politique, avocatAutres informationsDistinction Commandeur de la Légion d'honneur‎modifier - modifier le code - modifier Wikidata Edme, Jean, Joseph, Jules, Henri Nogent Saint-Laurens connu aussi com...

 

The 14th Politburo Standing Committee, formally the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the 14th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, was elected by the 1st Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee in 1992, in the aftermath of the 14th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). It was preceded by the CCP's 13th Politburo Standing Committee and was succeeded by the 15th in 1997. Composition Members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of t...

 

Saison 1 de Young Sheldon Données clés Série Young Sheldon Pays d'origine États-Unis Chaîne d'origine CBS Diff. originale 25 septembre 2017 – 10 mai 2018 Nb. d'épisodes 22 Chronologie Saison 2 modifier La première saison de Young Sheldon, série télévisée américaine, est composée de vingt-deux épisodes[1], diffusée entre le 25 septembre 2017 et le 10 mai 2018 sur CBS, aux États-Unis. Synopsis Sheldon Cooper, jeune prodige vivant dans le Texas de l'Est, intègre le lycée de ...

American baseball player Baseball player Johnny MonellMonell with the New York MetsCatcher / First basemanBorn: (1986-03-04) March 4, 1986 (age 38)Bronx, New YorkBatted: LeftThrew: RightProfessional debutMLB: September 5, 2013, for the San Francisco GiantsKBO: March 31, 2017, for the KT WizLast MLB appearanceOctober 4, 2015, for the New York MetsMLB statisticsBatting average.161Home runs0Runs batted in5KBO statistics (through 2017 season)Batti...

 

هذه المقالة بحاجة لصندوق معلومات. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة صندوق معلومات مخصص إليها. اعتماد أيزو 45001 حسب البلد ISO 45001 هو معيار أيزو لأنظمة إدارة الصحة والسلامة المهنية، تم نشره في مارس 2018. الهدف من أيزو 45001 هو الحد من الإصابات والأمراض المهنية، بما في ذلك تعزيز و...

 

American ice hockey player (born 1982) Ice hockey player Jim Slater Slater in 2012Born (1982-12-09) December 9, 1982 (age 41)Lapeer, Michigan, U.S.[citation needed]Height 6 ft 0 in (183 cm)Weight 195 lb (88 kg; 13 st 13 lb)Position CenterShot LeftPlayed for Atlanta ThrashersWinnipeg JetsGenève-Servette HCHC Fribourg-GottéronNational team  United StatesNHL draft 30th overall, 2002Atlanta ThrashersPlaying career 2005–2019 Coaching car...

1954 battle of the First Indochina War Battle of Dien Bien PhuPart of the First Indochina WarViet Minh troops planting their flag over the captured French headquarters at Dien Bien PhuDate13 March – 7 May 1954(1 month, 3 weeks and 3 days)LocationVicinity of Điện Biên Phủ, French Indochina (present day Vietnam)21°23′13″N 103°0′56″E / 21.38694°N 103.01556°E / 21.38694; 103.01556Result Việt Minh-led Democratic Republic of Vietnam ...

 

Phrase associated with Zionism Bust of Anthony Ashley-Cooper, by F. Winter, 1886. In the collection of the Dorset Museum, Dorchester. A land without a people for a people without a land is a widely cited phrase associated with the movement to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine during the 19th and 20th centuries. Its historicity and significance are a matter of contention. Although it became a Jewish Zionist slogan, the phrase was originally used as early as 1843 by a Christian Restorati...

 

حادثة مكة 1987 المتظاهرون في أحد الشوارع قرب الحرم المكي المعلومات البلد  السعودية الإحداثيات 21°26′07″N 39°49′45″E / 21.4353°N 39.8291°E / 21.4353; 39.8291   التاريخ 31 يوليو 1987 الخسائر الوفيات 402 الإصابات 649 تعديل مصدري - تعديل   أحداث حج مكة 1407هـ/1987م هي اشتباكات عنيفة وقعت في...

1992 studio album by Peter CaseSix-Pack of LoveStudio album by Peter CaseReleased1992GenreAlternative rock, alternative country, folk rockLength42:45LabelGeffen[1]ProducerMitchell Froom[2]Peter CasePeter Case chronology The Man with the Blue Post-Modern Fragmented Neo-Traditionalist Guitar(1989) Six-Pack of Love(1992) Sings Like Hell(1993) Six-Pack of Love is an album by American singer-songwriter Peter Case, released in 1992.[3] The song Dream About You reach...

 

تنظيم القوميين الأوكرانيين     البلد أوكرانيا  تاريخ التأسيس 1929  الأفكار الأيديولوجيا توجه قومي أوكرانيUkrainian irredentism الانحياز السياسي يمين متطرف  يضم جيش التمرد الأوكراني  الموقع الرسمي الموقع الرسمي  تعديل مصدري - تعديل   تنظيم القوميين الأوكرانيين عم�...

 

هذه المقالة بحاجة لصندوق معلومات. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة صندوق معلومات مخصص إليها. يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (يوليو 2016) قدر عدد...

1785 Japanese gazetteer Sangoku Tsūran Zusetsu (三国通覧図説, An Illustrated Description of Three Countries) by Hayashi Shihei (1738–1793) was published in Japan in 1786.[1] This book represents one of the earliest attempts to define Japan in terms of its outer boundaries. It represented a modern effort to distinguish Japan from the neighboring nations.[2] The book describes those three surrounding nations: the Joseon Dynasty (Korea), the Ryukyu Kingdom (Ryukyu Island...

 

South African rugby union player (1981–2022) Rugby playerPedrie WannenburgWannenburg with Oyonnax in 2015Birth namePedrie Johannes WannenburgDate of birth(1981-01-02)2 January 1981Place of birthNelspruit, South AfricaDate of death22 April 2022(2022-04-22) (aged 41)Place of deathHouston, Texas, USHeight1.96 m (6 ft 5 in)Weight112 kg (17 st 9 lb; 247 lb)[1]Rugby union careerPosition(s) FlankerSenior careerYears Team Apps (Points)2010–20122012–201...