Nagahama, Shiga

Nagahama
長浜市
City
Nagahama Castle Nagahama Station Chikubushima Nagahama Gobo Keiun-kan Kurokabe Square Kunitomo area Nagahama Tower
Nagahama CastleNagahama Station
ChikubushimaNagahama Gobo
Keiun-kanKurokabe Square
Kunitomo areaNagahama Tower
Flag of Nagahama
Flag
Official seal of Nagahama
Seal
Location of Nagahama in Shiga Prefecture
Location of Nagahama in Shiga Prefecture
Nagahama is located in Japan
Nagahama
Nagahama
Location in Japan
Coordinates: 35°23′N 136°17′E / 35.383°N 136.283°E / 35.383; 136.283
CountryJapan
RegionKansai
PrefectureShiga
First official recorded459 AD (official)[citation needed]
Town settledApril 1, 1889
City settledApril 1, 1943
Government
 • MayorNobuyoshi Asami (from March 2022)
Area
 • Total
680.79 km2 (262.85 sq mi)
Population
 (November 1, 2021)
 • Total
116,043
 • Density170/km2 (440/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+09:00 (JST)
City hall address12-34 Takada-chō, Nagahama-shi, Shiga-ken 526-8501
ClimateCfa
WebsiteOfficial website

Nagahama (長浜市, Nagahama-shi) is a city located in Shiga Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 November 2021, the city had an estimated population of 116,043 in 46858 households and a population density of 120 persons per km2.[1] The total area of the city is 680.79 square kilometres (262.85 sq mi).

Geography

Nagahama is located on the northern shore of Lake Biwa and occupies most of the northern portion of Shiga Prefecture. It is generally bounded by the Ibuki Mountains to the east, the Nosaka Mountains to the north and Lake Biwa to the south. The city is the second largest in the prefecture in terms of land area, after Takashima. The inland areas of the city are noted for very heavy snow accumulation in winter

Neighboring municipalities

Fukui Prefecture

Gifu Prefecture

Shiga Prefecture

Climate

Nagahama has a Humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Nagahama is 12.0 °C. The average annual rainfall is 2052 mm with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 24.0 °C, and lowest in January, at around 0.3 °C.[2]

Climate data for Nagahama (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1978−present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 16.0
(60.8) 		19.3
(66.7) 		22.7
(72.9) 		28.1
(82.6) 		32.0
(89.6) 		34.0
(93.2) 		37.4
(99.3) 		37.4
(99.3) 		36.0
(96.8) 		31.2
(88.2) 		23.9
(75.0) 		20.3
(68.5) 		37.4
(99.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 6.8
(44.2) 		7.6
(45.7) 		12.0
(53.6) 		17.8
(64.0) 		22.7
(72.9) 		26.2
(79.2) 		30.1
(86.2) 		31.9
(89.4) 		27.6
(81.7) 		21.7
(71.1) 		15.6
(60.1) 		9.7
(49.5) 		19.1
(66.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 2.9
(37.2) 		3.3
(37.9) 		6.8
(44.2) 		12.2
(54.0) 		17.4
(63.3) 		21.4
(70.5) 		25.5
(77.9) 		26.7
(80.1) 		22.7
(72.9) 		16.7
(62.1) 		10.7
(51.3) 		5.5
(41.9) 		14.3
(57.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −0.4
(31.3) 		−0.5
(31.1) 		2.0
(35.6) 		6.8
(44.2) 		12.3
(54.1) 		17.3
(63.1) 		21.8
(71.2) 		22.8
(73.0) 		18.6
(65.5) 		12.1
(53.8) 		6.1
(43.0) 		1.7
(35.1) 		10.0
(50.0)
Record low °C (°F) −9.4
(15.1) 		−11.4
(11.5) 		−6.9
(19.6) 		−2.2
(28.0) 		1.9
(35.4) 		6.6
(43.9) 		12.8
(55.0) 		12.8
(55.0) 		7.4
(45.3) 		0.8
(33.4) 		−2.4
(27.7) 		−5.8
(21.6) 		−11.4
(11.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 137.2
(5.40) 		104.4
(4.11) 		111.3
(4.38) 		108.3
(4.26) 		138.0
(5.43) 		164.7
(6.48) 		218.3
(8.59) 		125.1
(4.93) 		160.3
(6.31) 		131.5
(5.18) 		94.8
(3.73) 		137.9
(5.43) 		1,627.4
(64.07)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 17.9 14.6 13.3 11.0 10.1 11.8 12.3 8.8 10.5 10.0 11.1 17.0 148.4
Mean monthly sunshine hours 91.6 113.5 159.3 184.5 198.0 153.7 168.9 216.0 164.3 159.9 128.6 98.8 1,830.6
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[3][4]
Climate data for Yanegase (Former Yogo Town, 1991−2020 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average precipitation mm (inches) 328.0
(12.91) 		226.9
(8.93) 		203.6
(8.02) 		169.4
(6.67) 		194.6
(7.66) 		213.7
(8.41) 		301.7
(11.88) 		187.8
(7.39) 		237.2
(9.34) 		181.0
(7.13) 		205.7
(8.10) 		361.4
(14.23) 		2,809.4
(110.61)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 193
(76) 		156
(61) 		58
(23) 		3
(1.2) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		91
(36) 		488
(192)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 21.8 18.1 16.3 13.1 12.1 13.0 13.9 10.9 12.8 12.6 15.0 21.3 180.9
Average snowy days (≥ 3 cm) 15.1 13.4 6.8 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.8 42.5
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (Averages：1991-2020)[5]

Demographics

Per Japanese census data,[6] the population of Nagahama has remained relatively stable over the past 70 years.

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1920 99,354—    
1930 103,897+4.6%
1940 102,065−1.8%
1950 122,076+19.6%
1960 117,066−4.1%
1970 114,977−1.8%
1980 119,988+4.4%
1990 121,481+1.2%
2000 123,862+2.0%
2010 124,131+0.2%
2020 113,636−8.5%

History

Nagahama is part of ancient Ōmi Province and has been settled since at least the Yayoi period. During the Sengoku period, the area was contested between the Kyogoku clan, Azai clan and Asakura clan. The city center was developed and renamed by Toyotomi Hideyoshi when Hideyoshi moved the center of his administration from Odani Castle. Kunitomo (国友), the northeast of the city center, had been known for the production of arquebuses and guns since 1544. The settlement was originally called Imahama (今濱), but Hideyoshi renamed it "Nagahama", taking one kanji from the name of his overlord, Oda Nobunaga. It is not related to the area of the same name in Fukuoka City and same name town in Ehime Prefecture. In the Edo period, it was largely under the control of Hikone Domain under the Tokugawa shogunate; however, the jin'ya of Ōmi-Miyagawa Domain, a 13,000 koku feudal holding under a cadet branch of the Hotta clan was located in what is now southeastern Nagahama. After the Meiji restoration, the town of Nagahama was established within Sakata District, Shiga with the creation of the modern municipalities system.

On April 1, 1943, Nagahama annexed the neighboring villages of Kamiteru, Rokusho, Minamigori, Kitagori, Nishikuroda and Kanda to form the city of Nagahama. On February 13, 2006, the towns of Azai and Biwa (both from Higashiazai District) were merged into Nagahama. On January 1, 2010, the towns of Kohoku and Torahime (both from Higashiazai District), and the towns of Kinomoto, Nishiazai, Takatsuki and Yogo (all from Ika District) were merged into Nagahama. Both districts were thereby dissolved as a result of this merger.[7]

The current city thus consists of areas once within three former districts; Sakata District, Higashiazai District and Ika District.

Government

Nagahama has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 26 members. Nagahama contributes four members to the Shiga Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Shiga 2nd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy

The economy of Nagahama is centered on agriculture and light manufacturing.

Education

Nagahama has 23 public elementary schools and ten public middle schools and two combined elementary/middle schools operated by the city government. There are five public high schools operated by the Shiga Prefectural Department of Education. The prefecture also operates two special education schools for the handicapped.

International schools:

Transportation

Railway

JR West – Hokuriku Main Line

JR West – Kosei Line

Highway

Sister cities

Within Japan

Outside Japan

Sightseeing

Cuisine

Nagahama yaki-saba sōmen

In addition to the usual Shiga Prefecture cuisine, most famously funa-zushi, Nagahama has a local specialty of salty-sweet cooked sōmen with mackerel (焼鯖素麺, yaki-saba sōmen), related to its historical position on the "mackerel highway" connecting the fishing ports on the Sea of Japan with Kyoto.

Noted people from Nagahama

  • Nagahama Castle in the spring
    Nagahama Castle in the spring
  • Kurokabe Square
    Kurokabe Square
  • Old Nagahama Station
    Old Nagahama Station
  • Daitsu-ji Temple
    Daitsu-ji Temple
  • Chikubu Island
    Chikubu Island
  • View of Lake Biwa and Chikubu Island
    View of Lake Biwa and Chikubu Island
  • Lake Yogo
    Lake Yogo

References

  1. ^ "Nagahama city official statistics" (in Japanese). Japan.
  2. ^ Nagahama climate data
  3. ^ 観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）. JMA. Retrieved February 27, 2022.
  4. ^ 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）. JMA. Retrieved February 27, 2022.
  5. ^ 平年値（年・月ごとの値）（気象庁）2021年6月5日閲覧。
  6. ^ Nagahama population statistics
  7. ^ "市町村合併情報 長野県 ＜国土地理協会＞". Archived from the original on 2008-04-18. Retrieved 2008-09-07.
  8. ^ "Escolas Brasileiras Homologadas no Japão" (Archive). Embassy of Brazil in Tokyo. Retrieved on October 13, 2015.
  9. ^ Nagahama city. 長浜盆梅展のはじまり [The origin of Nagahama Bonbai] (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2011-10-09. Retrieved 2011-08-28.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nagahama, Shiga.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Nagahama.

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