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Mangan(III) fluorida

Mangan(III) fluorida
Mangan(III) fluorida
Nama
Nama IUPAC
Manganese(III) fluoride
Nama lain
Mangan trifluorida, manganit fluorida
Penanda
Model 3D (JSmol)
3DMet {{{3DMet}}}
ChemSpider
Nomor EC
Nomor RTECS {{{value}}}
UNII
  • InChI=1S/3FH.Mn/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3 YaY
    Key: SRVINXWCFNHIQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K YaY
  • InChI=1/3FH.Mn/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3
    Key: SRVINXWCFNHIQZ-DFZHHIFOAX
  • [Mn+3].[F-].[F-].[F-]
Sifat
MnF3
Massa molar 111.938 g/mol
Penampilan bubuk ungu-merah muda
higroskopis
Densitas 3.54 g/cm3
Titik lebur > 600 °C (1.112 °F; 873 K) (terurai)
hidrolisis
+10,500·10−6 cm3/mol
Struktur
Monoklinik, mS48
C2/c, No. 15
oktahedral terdistorsi
Bahaya
Bahaya utama uap beracun
Piktogram GHS GHS03: OksidatorGHS06: Beracun
Keterangan bahaya GHS {{{value}}}
H272, H301, H312, H315, H319, H332, H335
P220, P261, P280, P301+310, P305+351+338
Senyawa terkait
Anion lain
mangan(III) oksida, mangan(III) asetat
Kation lainnya
kromium(III) fluorida, besi(III) fluorida. kobalt(III) fluorida
Senyawa terkait
mangan(II) fluorida, mangan(IV) fluorida
Kecuali dinyatakan lain, data di atas berlaku pada suhu dan tekanan standar (25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verifikasi (apa ini YaYN ?)
Referensi

Mangan(III) fluorida (juga dikenal sebagai Mangan trifluorida ) adalah senyawa anorganik dengan rumus MnF3. Padatan merah/keunguan ini digunakan untuk mengubah hidrokarbon menjadi fluorokarbon, yaitu zat fluorinasi.[2] Ini membentuk hidrat dan banyak turunannya.

Sintesis, struktur, dan reaksi

MnF3 dapat dibuat dengan mereaksikan larutan MnF2 dalam hidrogen fluorida dengan fluor:[3]

MnF2 + 0.5 F2 → MnF3

Ini juga dapat dibuat dengan mereaksikan unsur fluorin dengan mangan(II) halida pada ~250 °C.[4]

Struktur

Seperti vanadium(III) fluorida, MnF3 menampilkan pusat logam oktahedral dengan jarak ikatan MF rata-rata yang sama. Namun, dalam senyawa Mn, terdistorsi (dan karenanya sel satuan monoklinik dengan sel simetri yang lebih tinggi) karena efek Jahn-Teller , dengan pasangan jarak Mn-F 1,79, 1,91, 2,09 Å.[5][6][7]

Hidrat MnF3.3H2O diperoleh dengan kristalisasi MnF3 dari asam fluorida. Hidrat tersedia sebagai dua polimorf, dengan grup ruang P21/c dan P21/a. Masing-masing terdiri dari garam Mn(H2O)4F2]+[Mn(H2O)2F4] ).[8]

Reaksi

MnF3 bersifat asam Lewis dan membentuk berbagai turunan. Salah satu contohnya adalah K2MnF3(SO4).[9] MnF3 bereaksi dengan natrium fluorida menghasilkan heksafluorida oktahedral:[4]

3NaF + MnF3 → Na3MnF6

Reaksi terkait garam dari anion MnF52− atau MnF4. Anion ini masing-masing mengadopsi struktur rantai dan lapisan, dengan menjembatani fluorida. Mangan tetap 6 koordinat, oktahedral, dan trivalen di semua bahan ini.[4]

Mangan(III) fluorida memfluorinasi senyawa organik termasuk hidrokarbon aromatik,[10] siklobutena,[11] dan fullerena.[12]

Saat pemanasan, MnF3 terurai menjadi mangan(II) fluorida.[13][14]

MnF3 merupakan sumber kompleks MnCl3 melalui reaksi dengan bismut triklorida.[15]

Referensi

  1. ^ GHS: sigma-aldrich 339296 [pranala nonaktif]
  2. ^ Burley, G. A.; Taylor, R. (2004). "Manganese(III) Fluoride". Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. J. Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rn00411. 
  3. ^ Z. Mazej (2002). "Room temperature syntheses of MnF3, MnF4 and hexafluoromanganete(IV) salts of alkali cations". Journal of Fluorine Chemistry. 114 (1): 75–80. doi:10.1016/S0022-1139(01)00566-8. 
  4. ^ a b c Inorganic chemistry, Catherine E. Housecroft, A.G. Sharpe, pp.711-712, section Manganese (III) , googlebooks link
  5. ^ Wells, A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-855370-6.
  6. ^ Hepworth, M. A.; Jack, K. H.; Nyholm, R. S. (1957). "Interatomic Bonding in Manganese Trifluoride". Nature. 179 (4552): 211–212. Bibcode:1957Natur.179..211H. doi:10.1038/179211b0. 
  7. ^ M. A. Hepworth; K. H. Jack (1957). "The Crystal Structure of Manganese Trifluoride, MnF3". Acta Crystallographica. 10 (5): 345–351. doi:10.1107/S0365110X57001024. 
  8. ^ Molinier Michel; Massa Werner (1992). "Structures of two polymorphs of MnF3·3H2O". Journal of Fluorine Chemistry. 57 (1–3): 139–146. doi:10.1016/S0022-1139(00)82825-0. 
  9. ^ Bhattacharjee, M. N; Chaudhuri, M. K. (1990). Dipotassium Trifluorosulfatomanganate(III). Inorg. Synth. Inorganic Syntheses. 27. hlm. 312–313. doi:10.1002/9780470132586.ch61. ISBN 9780470132586. 
  10. ^ Fluorination of p-chlorobenzotrifluoride by manganese trifluoride Diarsipkan 2011-08-23 di Wayback Machine. A. Kachanov, V. Kornilov, V.Belogay , Fluorine Notes :Vol. 1 (1) November–December 1998 , via notes.fluorine1.ru
  11. ^ Junji Mizukado, Yasuhisa Matsukawa, Heng-dao Quan, Masanori Tamura, Akira Sekiya (2006). "Fluorination of Fluoro-Cyclobutene with High-Valency Metal Fluoride". Journal of Fluorine Chemistry. 127: 79–84. doi:10.1016/j.jfluchem.2005.10.007. 
  12. ^ V. É. Aleshina, A. Ya. Borshchevskii, E. V. Skokan, I. V. Arkhangel'skii, A.V. Astakhov, N.B. Shustova (2002). "Fluorination of the Cubic and Hexagonal C60 Modifications by Crystalline Manganese Trifluoride". Physics of the Solid State. 44 (4): 629–630. Bibcode:2002PhSS...44..629A. doi:10.1134/1.1470543. 
  13. ^  Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Manganese § Manganic Salts". Encyclopædia Britannica. 17 (edisi ke-11). Cambridge University Press. hlm. 570. 
  14. ^ In situ time-resolved X-ray diffraction study of manganese trifluoride thermal decomposition , J.V. Raua, V. Rossi Albertinib, N.S. Chilingarova, S. Colonnab, U. Anselmi Tamburini, Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 4506 (2001) 1–4 , online version
  15. ^ Nachtigall, Olaf; Pataki, Astrid; Molski, Matthias; Lentz, Dieter; Spandl, Johann (2015). "Solvates of Manganese Trichloride Revisited - Synthesis, Isolation, and Crystal Structure of MnCl3(THF)3". Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie. 641 (6): 1164–1168. doi:10.1002/zaac.201500106. 


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