西递村

29°54′20″N 117°59′28″E / 29.90556°N 117.99111°E / 29.90556; 117.99111

皖南古村落—西递、宏村
世界遗产
官方名稱Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui - Xidi and Hongcun(英文)
Anciens villages du sud de l'Anhui - Xidi et Hongcun(法文)
位置 中国亚洲和太平洋地区
標準文化:(iii)(iv)(v)
参考编码1002
登录年份2000年(第24屆會議
面积52公顷
緩衝區730公顷
西递村古建筑群
西递村
全国重点文物保护单位
中华人民共和国国务院公布
地址安徽省黟县
分类古建筑
时代
编号5-321
认定时间2001年6月25日

西递村安徽省南部黟县东南西递镇的一个村庄。西递村于1986年定为安徽省重点文物保护单位,2001年由中华人民共和国国务院公布为第五批全国重点文物保护单位。2000年11月30日在澳大利亚凯恩斯召开的联合国教科文组织第24届世界遗产委员会会议作出决定,将中国皖南古村落西递、宏村列入世界文化遗产名录,这是首次把民居列入世界遗产名录。2003年10月8日公布被批准为首批中国历史文化名村;2011年被评为国家5A级旅游景区。[1]米其林旅游指南也称赞这里拥有独特建筑风格的精美房屋,将西递评为最高的强烈推荐(Highly recommended)级别[2]

村落概况

西递始建于公元11世纪的宋朝元祐宋哲宗)年间,由于河水向西流经这个村庄,原来称为“西川”。因在村西古有驿站,称“铺递所”,故而得名“西递”,素有“桃花源里人家”之称。[1]

西递始祖为唐昭宗李晔之子,因遭变乱,逃匿民间,改为胡姓,西递属以血缘关系为纽带的胡氏聚居村落。胡家从1465年起开始经商,他们经商成功,大兴土木,建房、修祠、铺路、架桥。在17世纪中叶,胡家中有人从经商转向官场所产生的影响使村庄得到发展。18世纪到19世纪,西递的繁荣达到最顶峰,当时村里有大约600家民居。

西递村中一条主道贯穿东西,与其两侧各一条与之平行的街道一起穿过很多窄巷,构成东向为主、向南北延伸的村落街巷,村中街巷大多沿溪而设均用青石铺地。在敬爱堂、追慕堂、胡文光刺史牌坊等公共建筑之前有小广场。现今保留下的古民居从整体上保留下明、清徽派民居村落的基本面貌和特征,主要包括古民居124幢,祠堂3幢等保护完好的古建筑群,大多数民居都对公众开放。

主要建筑

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 西递简介页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆),西递旅游服务公司官网。
  2. ^ Anhui Xidi. [2018-03-01]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-20). 

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