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中国西南地区

中国西南地区

中国地理概念中,西南地区涵盖中国西南部的广大腹地,主要包括四川盆地云贵高原青藏高原南部地区。

在中国行政区划概念中,狭义的西南地区(亦称为大西南),即指传统的“西南三省”:川(四川省)、滇(云南省)、黔(贵州省)。其中,这里四川省在地理上的范围为中华民国时期的省域,不包括原西康省之辖域(含今雅安市攀枝花市甘孜藏族自治州凉山彝族自治州),但包括今重庆市之辖域。

而行政区划中广义的西南地区则有“西南四省(区)”、“西南五省(区、市)”和“西南六省(区、市)”三个版本,其中后两种说法常出现在如今中国区域经济合作的相关活动之中。

  • 中华人民共和国成立之初,曾在省级行政区划之上建立了大区一级政府,其中西南行政区管辖当时的重庆市川东行署区川西行署区川南行署区川北行署区、贵州省、云南省、西康省、西藏地方昌都地区等十个省级行政单位,直至1954年各大行政区被撤销。西南行政区的原十个省级行政单位经过历年的调整、合并,在1955年形成了包含四川省、贵州省、云南省和西藏自治区(1955年设筹备委员会,1965年正式成立)共四个省级行政单位的稳定区划格局,川、黔、滇、藏四地合称为“西南四省(区)”[需要較佳来源]
  • 1997年国务院设立重庆直辖市,西南地区持续稳定四十余年的三省一区的行政区划格局部分调整,在此之后重庆市与四川省、贵州省、云南省和西藏自治区合称为“西南五省(区、市)”。
  • 改革开放后特别是近十年来,由于西部大开发战略的实施及西南出海大通道建设等诸多因素,本身地处华南地区西部的广西壮族自治区也经常与五地合称为“西南六省(区、市)”。由于西藏独特的政治、经济和区位的条件,西南地区的区域经济合作大多数时候并未见西藏自治区的身影,因此西南五省(区、市)往往也指桂、渝、川、黔、滇五地。

西南地区是中国内部经济差距最大的地理大区,2016年,四川省GDP为32680.5亿元,西藏区GDP为1150亿元,重庆市GDP为17558.76亿元,云南省GDP为14869.95.91亿元,贵州省GDP为11734.43亿元。

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