东冲半岛

东冲半岛
位于长春镇的东冲半岛下尾岛景区,远处是风力发电机
东冲半岛在福建的位置
东冲半岛
东冲半岛
东冲半岛在福建省的位置
自然地理
坐标26°39′38″N 120°01′31″E / 26.66068°N 120.02522°E / 26.66068; 120.02522
总面積285平方公里(110平方英里)
长度45千米(28英里)
最高海拔488.4米(1602.4英尺)
最高點箭皇坪山
管轄
 中华人民共和国
福建省宁德市霞浦县

东冲半岛[1],是位于中华人民共和国福建省宁德市霞浦县南部的一个半岛[2],介于北纬26°31′至26°48′、东经119°49′至120°09′之间,由福宁湾东吾洋台湾海峡合抱而成,末端与鉴江半岛相望。东冲半岛拥有170公里的海岸线,是霞浦县成为福建省海岸线最长的县份的最主要因素。[3]:98

地理

地形地势

东冲半岛地势北高南低,总面积约285平方公里,海拔最高点箭皇坪山高488.4米,行政区划上占有霞浦县北壁乡下浒镇全境和长春镇大部分,北于长春镇渔洋垾村与内陆连接,连接处宽约一公里,南至北壁乡东冲村与罗源县鉴江镇相望。东冲半岛地形狭长,南北长45公里,海岸线曲折,共170公里,多为基岩海岸,有37个大小港湾,明朝王在晋万历年间出版的《海防纂要》中说福宁州“突出海中,如人吐舌然......独当东南北三面之海”,文中的“舌”就是对东冲半岛的形容。[3][4]

气候

东冲半岛气候温和,全年平均气温17°C,最热的7月平均气温为24°C,最冷的2月份平均气温为7°C[5]。东冲半岛年降雨量为1950毫米,最潮湿的6月份降雨量为274 毫米,10月份降雨量最小,为71毫米。[6]

东冲半岛
氣候圖表
 
 
78
 
 
13
6
 
 
150
 
 
12
2
 
 
147
 
 
17
11
 
 
199
 
 
21
15
 
 
258
 
 
24
16
 
 
274
 
 
24
21
 
 
131
 
 
26
21
 
 
253
 
 
25
22
 
 
164
 
 
24
16
 
 
71
 
 
22
18
 
 
126
 
 
19
17
 
 
99
 
 
12
6
平均最高及最低溫度以攝氏(℃)表記
降雨總量單位為毫米(㎜)
資料來源:[5]
英制單位換算
 
 
3.1
 
 
55
43
 
 
5.9
 
 
54
36
 
 
5.8
 
 
63
52
 
 
7.8
 
 
70
59
 
 
10
 
 
75
61
 
 
11
 
 
75
70
 
 
5.2
 
 
79
70
 
 
10
 
 
77
72
 
 
6.5
 
 
75
61
 
 
2.8
 
 
72
64
 
 
5
 
 
66
63
 
 
3.9
 
 
54
43
平均最高及最低溫度以華氏(℉)表記
降雨總量單位為英吋(㏌)

历史

东冲半岛得名于半岛最南端的东冲村西晋太康三年(282年),温麻县建立,东冲半岛隶属于温麻县。武周长安二年(702年)起,东冲半岛南北以大金山为界,分别隶属连江县长溪县。此时,东冲半岛是盐业贸易的重要海上通道[4]北宋元丰四年(1081年),东冲半岛全境划入长溪县,与溪南半岛共同隶属于安东乡。元朝之后,东冲半岛隶属于福宁州五十三都。明朝时期,东冲半岛频遭海匪劫掠,又受到海禁政策的影响而日趋衰落,其经济地位逐渐被交溪流域的福安县一带取代。宣统元年(1909年),霞浦县设置大南区(后称长春区)管辖东冲半岛全境,民国25年(1936年)改称第三区,4年后,分别在东冲半岛上设立东浒镇(今下浒镇)、长春乡、京闾镇、渔江乡(均在今长春镇)和东冲镇(今北壁乡)。民国32年(1943年),东浒、长春、京闾、渔江、东冲五乡镇整并为大南镇和南江镇,民国34年(1945年)设立长京乡、东浒镇。中华人民共和国成立后,长京、东浒相继撤销,历经沿革后于1984年撤销长春公社和下浒公社,建立长春乡、下浒乡,1986年,下浒乡分设下浒镇和北壁乡。1992年,长春乡升格为长春镇。[3]:73-76

旅游

霞浦高罗海滩
东冲半岛海尾角

由于东冲半岛海岸线长,港湾众多,且风景优美、可开发资源多,福建省人民政府于2007年颁布认定东冲半岛为第七批省级风景名胜区,拥有高罗海滩、大京沙滩、下尾岛等自然景观,长达96.3公里的“东海1号”风景观光道纵贯北半岛西侧的景点名胜[7]。此外,东冲半岛也是霞浦县重要的历史文化载体,传胪城堡城墙大京城堡法华寺等各级文物保护单位皆坐落于半岛上。[4][8]

参考文献

  1. ^ 劉以臧; 徐友梧 (编). 霞浦縣全圖. 霞浦縣志. 福州洗馬橋公教印書館. 1929. 
  2. ^ Dongchong Bandao. 2012-01-19 [2017-02-07]. (原始内容存档于2023-04-21) –通过Geonames.org (cc-by) (英语). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 陈永庚, 霞浦县地方志编纂委员会. 霞浦县志. 北京市: 方志出版社. 1999. ISBN 7-80122-542-2. OCLC 47112521. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 林春贵. 唐长溪县命名与东冲半岛地位之变迁. 福建史志. 2021, (06): 28-31. ISSN 1006-2254. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 NASA Earth Observations Data Set Index. NASA. [2016-01-30]. (原始内容存档于2017-11-28). 
  6. ^ NASA Earth Observations: Rainfall (1 month - TRMM). NASA/Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission. [2016-01-30]. (原始内容存档于2020-05-11). 
  7. ^ 东海1号 _ 图说霞浦 _. 霞浦县人民政府. 2022-01-03 [2023-07-13]. (原始内容存档于2023-04-01). 
  8. ^ 东冲半岛省级风景名胜区_ 风景名胜区_. 宁德市林业局. 2023-05-29 [2023-07-13]. (原始内容存档于2023-07-13). 

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