超级代表

超级代表(英語:superdelegate)是美国政治中的一个术语,指在美国总统初选期间无需选举即自动当选的民主党全国代表大会代表(約佔15%),他们可以根据自己的意愿进行投票,無需理會初選時選民的意願。与民主党不同,共和党本身并没有超级代表。不过共和党全国代表大会也包括了一些自动当选的代表,每州限最多三人。

民主黨

民主党的超级代表包括党的主要领袖(民主党历任总统副总统国会领袖及民主党全国委员会主席等)、民主党全国委员会成員、参议院众议院所有民主党议员、民主党现任州长。此外,其他超级代表则在初选季选出。[1]与各州初选时选出的宣誓代表(pledged delegate,或称为承诺代表)不同,超级代表在提名民主党总统候选人时可以完全按照自己的想法选择支持的候选人。也正因为超级代表的存在,民主党最终提名的总统候选人可能并不是在初选时获得多数普選票的候选人。例如2008年美國總統選舉,民主黨總統參選人希拉里·克林頓雖然在最終的普選票較巴拉克·歐巴馬略多,但因最終的黨代表數目不及歐巴馬,加上歐巴馬獲得部分超級代表支持,她在全部初選結束後宣布退選,支持歐巴馬。而在2016年美國總統選舉,民主黨總統參選人希拉里·克林頓在初選前已獲大部分超级代表支持,因而被另一參選人伯尼·桑德斯的支持者批評民主黨全國委員會及其他領導層通過超級代表控制初選結果。

共和黨

与民主党不同,共和党本身并没有超级代表。不过共和党全国代表大会也包括了一些自动当选的代表,每州限最多三人。虽然“超级代表”一词最初是用来指民主党的该类代表,但现在两党的这类代表都常被称为“超级代表”。[2]

参考文献

  1. ^ Democratic National Committee. Delegate Selection Rules for the 2008 Democratic National Convention (PDF). August 19, 2006 [February 8, 2008]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2021-03-14). 
  2. ^ Marcus, Ruth. Looking Beyond Tsunami Tuesday. The Sacramento Bee. January 17, 2008. (原始内容存档于2008-06-10). 

Read other articles:

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Januari 2023. Yuto Miyazawa宮澤佑門Nama lahirYuto MiyazawaLahir21 Februari 2000 (umur 24)Tokyo, JepangGenreRock, hard rock, heavy metalPekerjaanMusikusInstrumenGitar, vokalTahun aktif2008–sekarangLabelRelixArtis terkaitThe RobotixSitus webhttp://www.yutog...

 

Об экономическом термине см. Первородный грех (экономика). ХристианствоБиблия Ветхий Завет Новый Завет Евангелие Десять заповедей Нагорная проповедь Апокрифы Бог, Троица Бог Отец Иисус Христос Святой Дух История христианства Апостолы Хронология христианства Ран�...

 

1921 film A Daughter of the LawDirected byJack ConwayWritten byWadsworth Camp (story) Harvey GatesProduced byCarl LaemmleStarringCarmel Myers John B. O'Brien Fred KohlerCinematographyBert GlennonProductioncompanyUniversal PicturesDistributed byUniversal PicturesRelease dateJuly 15, 1921Running time50 minutesCountryUnited StatesLanguagesSilent English intertitles A Daughter of the Law is a 1921 American silent crime film directed by Jack Conway and starring Carmel Myers, John B. O'Brien and Fr...

Three worlds of Hindu cosmology Sculpture of Vamana, an avatar of Vishnu, who is associated with the legend of taking three strides upon the three worlds Trailokya (Sanskrit: त्रैलोक्य; Kannada: ತ್ರೈಲೋಕ್ಯ; Pali: tiloka, Tibetan: khams gsum; Chinese: 三界; Vietnamese: Tam Giới) literally means three worlds.[1][2][3] It can also refer to three spheres,[3] three planes of existence,[4] and three realms.[4]...

 

Book by Iris Murdoch The Sandcastle Cover of the first editionAuthorIris MurdochCover artistCharles Mozley[1]CountryIrelandLanguageEnglishPublisherChatto and WindusPublication dateDecember 1957Media typePrint (Hardback & Paperback)Pages320 pp (hardback edition)OCLC60590831 The Sandcastle is a novel by Iris Murdoch, published in 1957. It is the story of a middle-aged schoolmaster (Bill Mor) with political ambitions who meets a young painter (Rain Carter), come to paint a ...

 

Chinese traditional soup HulatangA bowl of hulatangAlternative namesSpicy soup, Hot Pepper soupTypeSoupPlace of originChinaRegion or stateHenan, ShaanxiMain ingredientsBeef broth, capsicum, black pepper  Media: Hulatang HulatangSimplified Chinese胡辣汤Traditional Chinese胡辣湯Literal meaningpeppery and spicy soupTranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu Pinyinhú là tāng Hulatang, also known as hot pepper soup or spicy soup, is a kind of Chinese traditional soup originated in...

この項目には、一部のコンピュータや閲覧ソフトで表示できない文字が含まれています(詳細)。 数字の大字(だいじ)は、漢数字の一種。通常用いる単純な字形の漢数字(小字)の代わりに同じ音の別の漢字を用いるものである。 概要 壱万円日本銀行券(「壱」が大字) 弐千円日本銀行券(「弐」が大字) 漢数字には「一」「二」「三」と続く小字と、「壱」「�...

 

Vattaro Frazionecadastral municipality Vattaro (it) Tempat Negara berdaulatItaliaDaerah otonom dengan status istimewaTrentino-Tirol SelatanProvinsi di ItaliaTrentinoKomune di ItaliaAltopiano della Vigolana NegaraItalia Ibu kotaVattaro PendudukTotal1.108  (2008 )GeografiLuas wilayah8,28 km² [convert: unit tak dikenal]Ketinggian689 m Berbatasan denganBesenello Bosentino Centa San Nicolò Calceranica al Lago Vigolo Vattaro SejarahSanto pelindungMartinus dari Tours Informasi tambahanKo...

 

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Williams. Ne pas confondre avec Venus Williams, sa sœur aînée, également joueuse de tennis. Serena Williams (épouse Ohanian) Serena Williams à Roland Garros en 2018. Carrière professionnelle 1995 – 2022 Nom de naissance Serena Jameka Williams Pays États-Unis Naissance 26 septembre 1981 (42 ans)Saginaw, Michigan Taille 1,75 m (5′ 9″) Prise de raquette Droitière, revers à deux mains Entraîneurs Richard Williams (père) (1994-202...

قناطر إسنامعلومات عامةنوع المبنى هيكل معماري سد ( – عقد 1990) البلد  مصر معلومات أخرىالإحداثيات 25°18′26″N 32°33′28″E / 25.307361°N 32.557861°E / 25.307361; 32.557861 تعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي بيانات 25°18′26″N 32°33′28″E / 25.30736111°N 32.55786111°E / 25.30736111; 32.55786111 عدلي يكن باشا يت...

 

Jody Williams Jody Williams (lahir 9 Oktober 1950) ialah seorang guru dan pekerja sosial Amerika Serikat yang menerima Hadiah Nobel Perdamaian 1997 bersama dengan gerakan yang dipimpinnya, International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL) (Kampanye Internasional untuk Melarang Ranjau Darat). Williams mula-mula belajar sebagai guru English as a Second Language (ESL). Ia menerima gelar BA dari Universitas Vermont pada 1972 dan gelar magister dalam mengajar bahasa Spanyol dan ESL dari School for In...

 

MirandoleseMiranduléśParlato inItalia Regionicomuni di Mirandola, Finale Emilia, San Felice sul Panaro, San Possidonio, Camposanto, Cavezzo, Medolla e Concordia sulla Secchia LocutoriTotale~45.000 TassonomiaFilogenesiIndoeuropee Italiche  Romanze   Italo-occidentali    Occidentali     Galloiberiche      Galloromanze       Galloitaliche   ...

Trains: in UK Template‑class Trains Portal This template is within the scope of WikiProject Trains, an attempt to build a comprehensive and detailed guide to rail transport on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, you can visit the project page, where you can join the project and/or contribute to the discussion. See also: WikiProject Trains to do list and the Trains Portal.TrainsWikipedia:WikiProject TrainsTemplate:WikiProject Trainsrail transport articlesTemplateThis template does ...

 

Women's freestyle 48 kg at the 2007 World ChampionshipsVenueHeydar Aliyev Sports and Concert ComplexDates21 September 2007Competitors38 from 38 nationsMedalists  Chiharu Icho   Japan Iryna Merleni   Ukraine Mayelis Caripá   Venezuela Li Xiaomei   China← 20062008 → 2007 World Wrestling ChampionshipsFreestyleGreco-RomanWomen55 kg55 kg48 kg60 kg60 kg51 kg66 kg66 kg55 kg74 kg74 kg59 kg84 kg84 k...

 

2006年世界羽毛球錦標賽西班牙馬德里   男單   女單   男雙   女雙   混雙 2006年世界羽毛球錦標賽為第15屆世界羽毛球錦標賽,是一項全球性的羽毛球賽事。本條目為男子單打項目的比賽結果。 本屆的男單決賽由兩位中國選手對決,由2號種子林丹對陣8號種子鲍春来。第一局,由於雙方彼此相當熟悉,局勢處於拉锯战,基本只能靠相持中的失误来得分,最大�...

American clergyman, writer and activist George D. HerronHerron, c. 1900Appointed United States Delegue to the Conference on the Princes' Islands[1]In officeFebruary 1919 – February 1919 Personal detailsBornGeorge Davis Herron(1862-01-21)January 21, 1862Montezuma, Indiana, United StatesDiedNovember 9, 1925(1925-11-09) (aged 63)Munich, GermanyPolitical partySocialist Labor Party of AmericaSocial Democratic Party of AmericaSocialist Party of AmericaSpouse(s)Mary V. Everha...

 

Be With YouFilm poster advertising Be With You in JapanSutradaraNobuhiro DoiProduserHideyuki HonmaDitulis olehYoshikazu OkadaCeritaTakuji IchikawaPemeranYūko TakeuchiShido NakamuraPenata musikSuguru MatsutaniSinematograferTakahide ShibanushiPenyuntingShinichi HiroshiDistributorTohoTanggal rilis 30 Oktober 2004 (2004-10-30) (Jepang) Durasi119 menitNegaraJepangBahasaJepangPendapatankotorUS$46,616,207[1] Be With You (いま、会いにゆきますcode: ja is deprecated , ...

 

Broad genre of popular music For the original 1950s style of rock music, see Rock and roll. For other uses, see Rock music (disambiguation). RockStylistic originsRock and rollrockabillyblueselectric bluesfolkcountryrhythm and bluessouljazzCultural origins1940s–1950s, United StatesTypical instrumentsGuitarbassdrumskeyboardspianovocalsDerivative formsNew wavepost-progressiveprogressive popSubgenres Acid rock alternative rock arena rock art rock beat music Christian rock death rock experimenta...

German politician Robert SchmidtVice-Chancellor of GermanyIn office13 August 1923 – 6 October 1923ChancellorGustav StresemannPreceded byGustav BauerSucceeded byKarl JarresReich Minister for ReconstructionIn office13 August 1923 – 6 October 1923ChancellorGustav StresemannPreceded byHeinrich AlbertSucceeded byOffice abolishedReich Minister of EconomicsIn office10 May 1921 – 22 November 1922ChancellorJoseph WirthPreceded byErnst ScholzSucceeded byJohann BeckerIn ...

 

مايكروسوفت ووردالشعارمعلومات عامةنوع معالج نصوص[1] نظام التشغيل مايكروسوفت ويندوزأنظمة تشغيل ماك أو أسماك أو إس المنصة أندرويد المطورون مايكروسوفت موقع الويب products.office.com… معلومات تقنيةلغة البرمجة سي++[3] الإصدار الأول أكتوبر 1983 الإصدار الأخير آي أو إس: 2.72 (10 أبريل 2...