蒋先云

蔣先雲
性别
出生(1902-08-15)1902年8月15日(農曆7月12日)
 大清湖南省永州府新田縣
逝世1927年5月28日(1927歲—05—28)(24歲) 
 中華民國河南省
国籍 中華民國
政党中国共产党 中国共产党(1921-)
中國國民黨 中國國民黨(1924-)[註 1]
效命 中華民國
军衔少將(追晉)
经历

蒋先云(1902年—1927年),字湘耘,别号巫山,男,湖南新田人,中華民國军事将领,黄埔军校一期毕业,中国共产党党员。

生平

蒋先云是湖南省新田县大坪塘乡人。早年入保合小学读书,1917年考入湖南省立第三师范学校。“五四”期间,在毛泽东的领导下,任湘南学生联合会第一届总干事,与夏明翰黄静源共同领导组织湘南25个县学生罢课运动。在校期间组织革命团体“心社”,创办《嶷麓警钟》月刊,传播新文化和马克思主义,是湘南革命组织之开端。蒋先云成长为湘南学生运动领袖,深得毛泽东赏识。

1921年,经毛泽东介绍,与黄静源、蒋啸清一同加入中国共产党。次年,受中共湘区委派至江西安源路矿,与李立三刘少奇于1922年9月14日共同组织领导17,000余人参加的安源路矿大罢工,取得完全胜利,任安源路矿工人俱乐部党支部书记兼文书股长。之后受组织委派,到湖南水口山于1922年12月5日组织领导3,000余人参加的水口山铅锌矿工人大罢工,亦取得完全胜利(任俱乐部主任与党支部书记),邓中夏评价“其雄壮不亚于安源”,蒋先云成长为工人运动领袖。

1924年,由毛泽东介绍,在1,200余名来自全国各地的有志优秀青年中,以第一名成绩考入黄埔军校一期,与陈赓贺衷寒共称“黄埔三杰”。 蒋先云在黄埔军校期间任中共黄埔特别支部第一任书记,成为周恩来最得力之助手。在校期间,在廖仲恺、周恩来的帮助下,创建中国青年军人联合会并任主席,在《中国军人》上发表革命军事文章8篇,在《廣州民國日報》上发表多篇反帝与宣传革命、反对独裁文章,成为黄埔军校最有影响力和威望的学生,影响了一大批青年军人(包括开国元帅徐向前、红军高级将领左权),很多有志青年军人把“青年军人联合会”作为他们革命精神的寄托,会员由开始的2,000多人迅速发展到20,000多人,活动范围由黄埔军校延展到在广东的军队和滇、桂、湘所设的军校,进而遍及全国,成为一代青年军人中大部分走革命道路的导航站。深得时任黄埔军校校长蒋介石、党代表廖仲恺、中共广东军委负责人兼黄埔军校政治部主任周恩来的赏识,是蒋介石最得意之学生,被誉为“黄埔奇才”。

在国共第一次合作期间做了大量有利于两党合作的政治活动,多次调和校内党争,多次力劝蒋介石与共产党合作。其间参加两次东征陈炯明、平定广州商团叛乱、平定杨希闵刘震寰叛乱的战役。次年,以第一名成绩毕业,之后跟随北伐,任北伐军总司令部机要秘书,“北伐文告,多出其手”。旋任补充第五团团长。第二次北伐在讨伐奉系军阀张作霖时,任国民革命军第十一军二十六师七十七团党代表兼团长,1927年5月28日在河南临颖交战时阵亡。

纪念

周恩来、徐向前、恽代英郭沫若张发奎高语罕罗章龙均在不同时期发表悼词与纪念文章,中共中央刊物《向导》198期发表《悼蒋先云同志》一文,周恩来亲自主持追悼大会,国民革命政府追赠其为少将。

於民國59年(1970年)3月入祀臺北市國民革命忠烈祠之武烈士祠,並記載其“臨穎之役陣亡”,其牌位號碼為G5-05。[1]

注释

  1. ^ 黃埔一期學生於入學時集體加入國民黨

参考资料

  1. ^ 國民革命忠烈祠--忠烈將士查詢. [2024-03-28]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-02) (中文). 
  1. 《共产党人与黄埔军校》 曾庆榴 广州人民出版社 2004.6
  2. 《黄埔军校史料》(1924-1927)广东革命历史博物馆 广州出版社 1982.2
  3. 《黄埔军校史料》(续篇)陈以沛 邹志红 赵丽屏合编 广东人民出版社 1994.3
  4. 《中国黄埔军校》 陈宇 解放军出版社 2007
  5. 《中国工人运动先驱》工人出版社 1981.6
  6. 《中国共产党英烈小传》 第一集 甘肃师范大学政治系中共党史研究室资料室编 甘肃人民出版社 1982.3
  7. 《蒋介石与黄埔三杰》尹家民 中共中央党校出版社 1990.8
  8. 《广东文史资料专辑》第三七集 黄埔军校回忆录专辑 中国人民政治协商会议广东委员会 文史资料研究委员会 广东革命历史博物馆合编 广东人民出版社 1982.12
  9. 《黄埔军校名人传》 王宗虞 王建吾 张天周 陈以沛合著 河南人民出版社 1994.2
  10. 《历史的回顾》 徐向前 解放军出版社
  11. 《国共合作的桥梁 蒋先云》 陈以沛 黄埔情缘杂志纪念专刊 2004
  12. 《国民革命与黄埔军校》纪念黄埔军校建校80周年学术论文集 广东近代史博物馆吉林人民出版社 2004.5

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