棚車[1]，俗称闷罐车[2][3]，是一种封闭的火车车厢，一般用来运送货物。虽然在设计和制造上，篷車比平车要复杂，但是由于不须担心人员或货物被甩出列车的缘故，篷車是最为多用途的铁路货车车厢之一[4]。篷車的侧面有敞门，其大小和开闭方式依设计的用途而定。有些用于运载大体积货物的闷罐车，还装有车尾敞门和可调的隔墙。
棚车有时会被用于人员的运输，尤其是战争时期。在两次世界大战中，法国製棚车先后被法军、德军和其他联军用于士兵及货物的运输，这种棚车被法国人称为“40/8”（法語：Quarante et huit），因军方认定该棚车可载40名士兵和8匹马。纳粹德国亦曾用棚车运输囚犯，而1945年3月美国陆军俘获的一部分德国士兵在由前线至戰俘營的美军棚车中窒息而死。[5]
美国在二战期间使用军队卧铺车（英语：Troop sleeper）运送士兵，这些铁路车辆改装自棚车，且会在战后改回棚车。
中国曾于20世纪80年代至1997年的春运期间对部分棚车进行清洗、消毒、搭建厕所、加修乘务员座椅、加建栏杆等改造工作，用于运送民工返乡的临时旅客列车，单车厢运载的人数甚至超过200，而在1990年代初期仅广铁集团就有超过1000辆棚车承担客运任务，名为“棚车代用客车”，简称“棚代客”。1997年，铁道部下令禁止棚车载客。[6]但至今为止仍有部分路局将棚车载客用于职工通勤。
中国铁路货车基本型号用“P”表示棚车。
臺灣鐵路管理局使用「C」(Covered car)代表篷車、「V」(Ventilator car)代表通風篷車、「S」(Steel)代表鐵篷車。
William Esco MoernerLahir24 Juni 1953 (umur 70)KaliforniaTempat tinggalAmerika SerikatKebangsaanAmericanAlmamaterWashington University, Cornell UniversityPenghargaanWolf Prize in Chemistry (2008)Irving Langmuir Award (2009)Peter Debye Award (2013) Hadiah Nobel Kimia (2014)Karier ilmiahBidangKimia, Fisika terapan, BiofisikaInstitusiStanford UniversityPembimbing doktoralAlbert J. Sievers III William Esco (W. E.) Moerner (lahir 24 Juni 1953) adalah seorang ahli kimia & biofisika dan profes…
The list of shipwrecks in August 1855 includes ships sunk, wrecked, grounded, or otherwise lost during August 1855. This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources. August 1855 MonTueWedThuFriSatSun 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Unknown date References 1 August List of shipwrecks: 1 August 1855 Ship Country Description Mulheide Denm…
Xem thêm: Izumo (lớp tàu tuần dương) JDS Izumo (DDH-183) Khái quát lớp tàuXưởng đóng tàu Tập đoàn Hàng hải thống nhất Nhật BảnBên khai thác Hải quân Nhật BảnLớp trước Tầu khu trục lớp HyūgaKinh phí 113,9B ¥ dùng để đóng con tàu đầu tiênThời gian đóng tàu 2012 – 2017Thời gian hoạt động 2015 – nayDự tính 2Hoàn thành 2Đang hoạt động 2 Đặc điểm khái quátKiểu tàu Tàu khu trục trực thă…
Czech singer Marta KubišováBackground informationBorn (1942-11-01) 1 November 1942 (age 81)České Budějovice, Protectorate of Bohemia and MoraviaInstrument(s)singerYears active1961–2017LabelsSupraphonWebsitehttp://kubisova.cz/http://www.martakubisova.cz/Musical artist Marta Kubišová (born 1 November 1942) is a Czech singer.[1] By the time of the Prague Spring of 1968, with her song Modlitba pro Martu (A prayer for Marta), she was one of the most popular female singers in Cze…
Catedral de San Pedro y San Pablo Cathedral Church of SS. Peter and Paul monumento clasificado Grado II* Vista de la catedralLocalizaciónPaís Reino UnidoDivisión InglaterraLocalidad BrístolCoordenadas 51°27′35″N 2°36′59″O / 51.4597, -2.6163Información religiosaCulto Iglesia católicaDiócesis Diócesis de CliftonPatrono Pedro y Pablo de TarsoHistoria del edificioFundación 1973Arquitecto Percy Thomas PartnershipDatos arquitectónicosEstilo arquitectura …
City in Oklahoma, United StatesWewoka, OklahomaCitySeminole County CourthouseLocation of Wewoka, OklahomaCoordinates: 35°08′38″N 96°29′48″W / 35.14389°N 96.49667°W / 35.14389; -96.49667CountryUnited StatesStateOklahomaCountySeminoleGovernment[1] • TypeCouncil-managerArea[2] • Total4.84 sq mi (12.54 km2) • Land4.84 sq mi (12.54 km2) • Water0.00 sq mi (0.00…
У Вікіпедії є статті про інші значення цього терміна: Біобіо. Провінція Біобіо ісп. Provincia de Biobío Герб Адм. центр Лос-Анхелес Країна Чилі Провінція Біобіо Межує з: сусідні адмінодиниці Арауко, Консепсьйон, Мальєко, Minas Departmentd, Ñorquín Departmentd, Loncopué Departmentd, Picunches Department…
Джерело № 1(пам'ятка природи) 48°09′40″ пн. ш. 23°44′57″ сх. д. / 48.161111° пн. ш. 23.749278° сх. д. / 48.161111; 23.749278Координати: 48°09′40″ пн. ш. 23°44′57″ сх. д. / 48.161111° пн. ш. 23.749278° сх. д. / 48.161111; 23.749278Країна УкраїнаРозташування З
Cursa de BombersThe race passes through the Passeig de ColomDateAprilLocationBarcelona, Catalonia, SpainEvent typeRoadDistance10 kmEstablished1999Course recordsMen: 27:04 (2010) Josphat Menjo Women: 31:25 (2005) Irene KwambaiOfficial siteCursa de Bombers The Cursa de Bombers (English: Fireman's Race) is an annual road running race over 10 km which takes place in April[1] in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. History and course The race was created in 1999 as a joint venture between the Bo…
Professional darts tournament For the previous WDF tournament, see MFI World Matchplay. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: World Matchplay darts – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) World MatchplayThe Winter Gardens in …
French animated television series LoliRockGenre Fantasy Music Magical girl Romance Created by David Michel Jean-Louis Vandestoc Written byMadellaine PaxsonDirected byJean Louis-VandestocVoices of Lisa Caruso Léopoldine Serre Kelly Marot Karine Foviau Gilles Morvan Nessym Guetat Hugo Brunswick Fanny Bloc Marie Nonnenmacher Theme music composerNobert GilbertOpening themeRêve Idéal by Cassandre Berger (French) Higher by Yasmin Shah (English)Ending theme(Instrumental of opening theme)ComposerNobe…
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Институт природопользования НАН Беларуси Международное название Institute of Nature Management of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus Основан 1932 Директор доктор физико-математических наук, профессор С. А. Лысенко Аспирантура специальности: 05.17.07 Химия и технология топлив и специальных продуктов; 25…
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Rape Is No Joke (RINJ)Founded2012TypeRINJ is a private, international association of humanitarians including nurses, midwives, medics, EMS workers, doctors, lawyers and investigators.VAT ID no. 8224455 (Canada)FocusFighting for the safety of women and children.LocationToronto, Ontario, CanadaArea served GlobalProductHealth Care, Advocacy for Women's RightsMethodGlobal Help Lines, Sexual Assault ClinicsMembers 1,280,000OwnerNon-Profit self-ownedKey peopleMicheal O'BrienDale CarterGeraldine Frisqu…
University in China This article relies excessively on references to primary sources. Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources. Find sources: North Minzu University – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) North Minzu University北方民族大学Former namesNorthwest Second Minzu University/Second Northwest university for nationalities[1]TypeNation…
For other uses, see Telenor (disambiguation). Telenor KystradioTypeDivisionIndustryMaritime telecommunicationsHeadquartersFornebu, NorwayNumber of locations8Area servedNorwayRevenue160 million krNumber of employees70ParentTelenor Telenor Kystradio (formerly Telenor Maritim Radio) is a part of Telenor and provides maritime telecommunication services along the coast of Norway, operating networks of marine VHF radio, medium frequency, high frequency and Navtex transmitters. As of January 2018 …
International sporting eventBasketball at the 2003 Pan American GamesVenuePalacio de los DeportesDatesAugust 2–8, 2003Teams8Medalists Brazil Dominican Republic Puerto Rico«1999 2007» This page shows the results of the basketball tournament at the 2003 Pan American Games, held in the Palacio de los Deportes Virgilio Travieso Soto in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic from August 2 to August 8, 2003. Men's tournament Group A Group B Brazil Canada Dominican Repub…
الشخصية التسلطية هي نوع من أنواع الشخصية التي تتميز بالطاعة الشديدة والاحترام الخالص والخضوع لسلطة شخص خارجي عن النفس، وهو ما يتحقّق من خلال اضطهاد الأشخاص المرؤوسين. من الناحية النظرية، نشأ مصطلح «الشخصية الاستبدادية» من كتابات إريك فروم، وعادة ما يجري تطبيقه على الرجال …
Public research university in Mexicali, Baja California 32°37′56″N 115°26′40″W / 32.632199°N 115.444435°W / 32.632199; -115.444435 Autonomous University of Baja California, Campus MexicaliUABC, MexicaliEstablishedFebruary 28, 1957Websitehttp://www.uabc.mx/ This map shows the physical locations of all ten UABC facilities in Mexicali, including the main campus, the Office of the Rectory, and its Schools around the city. The Autonomous University of Baja Californ…
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