央掘魔罗经

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央掘魔羅經（梵語：Aṅgulimālīya Sūtra），總共有四卷，由劉宋求那跋陀羅譯出，《大正藏》收錄〈阿含部〉之中[1]，但其實是大乘經，在歷代大藏經中都收錄在〈大乘經單譯經〉、〈大乘經五大部外單譯經〉。內容敘述受邪教外道誤導，殺死九百九十九人以求得道的央掘魔羅改宗佛門之事蹟，藉以宣揚一切眾生皆有如來藏佛性的學說，屬於如來藏學派。

大乘佛教的央掘魔羅經與部派佛教的鴦掘摩經有同樣名稱，兩者歷史背景同為釋迦牟尼度化殺人魔央掘魔羅，但旨趣與情節不同。本經旨在宣揚一切眾生皆有如來藏佛性，佛法為一乘究竟教，其餘皆為方便法門。亦同於楞伽、涅槃等如來藏學派佛經，宣說戒殺斷肉。

內容

部派佛教中的相關經典

現代考證

《央掘魔羅經》有多個版本，收入阿含經中的，屬早期部派佛教的誦本，求那跋陀羅的宋譯《央掘摩羅經》屬於大乘經，在如來藏學派興起初期傳出[2]。日本學者赤沼智善、稻荷日宣、高崎直道分別指出，這部求那跋陀羅譯的大乘《央掘魔羅經》，實是「將聲聞經的敘事材料大乘化的作品」。印順法師認為：將宋譯《央掘魔羅經》編入「阿含部」很不妥當[3]，因其內容呵斥一切法空，說如來藏我、解脫身有色，與《阿含經》無關，應編入「經集部」。[4]

呂凱文教授認為，宋譯《央掘魔羅經》，除了經名、結構與部份的故事與聲聞版《央掘魔羅經》相似外，其經文旨趣則明顯為如來藏系思想，代表大乘佛教將聲聞佛經進行敘事轉換和挪用的典範移轉策略，並且《大正藏》將之編在「阿含部」並不恰當，應當與《大法鼓經》等類如來藏系經典編在一起[2]。

註釋

  1. ^ 印順法師認為本經編在「阿含部」不太適合，應該編入（大乘）「經集部」與『大方等如來藏經』歸為一類
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 呂凱文教授. 從兩類《央掘魔羅經》探討聲聞經大乘化的詮釋學策略 (pdf). 佛學研究中心學報. 2006 年, (第十一期): 41–43 [2013-11-15]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2009-12-29）. 
  3. ^ 印順. 《如來藏之研究》. [2013-11-15]. （原始内容存档于2014-07-16）. 『央掘魔羅經』，四卷，宋元嘉中，求那跋陀羅譯。『大正藏』編入「阿含部」，是很不妥當的。 
  4. ^ 釋印順. 七. 《華雨集—讀「大藏經」雜記》 四. 正聞出版社. 1993. ISBN 9789570366501. 

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