由於塔特瓦瓦達派的思想與基督敎教義十分相似,因此一些宗教學家認為塔特瓦瓦達派的思想受到基督敎教義所影響[72],但目前學術界已經否定了這一説法的正確性[75],亦有説法聲稱塔特瓦瓦達派的思想受到伊斯蘭教教義所影響[76],但宗教學家赫爾穆特·馮·格拉森納普(Helmuth von Glasenapp)認為一神論思想也能夠在印度知識界中被發現[77],而且沒有證據表明瑪德瓦查里亞所持有關於來世的觀點受到伊斯蘭教或基督敎的影響[78]。雖然瑪德瓦查里亞的神學思想對印度教造成了一些影響,但是並不廣泛[72]。
^Burke Rochford, Edmund Jr. Sociological Reflections on the History and Development of the Hare Krishna Movement. Dwyer, Graham; Cole, Richard (编). Hare Krishna in the Modern World. Arktos. 2013: 23.
^Lipner 2009,第8頁 harvnb模板錯誤: 無指向目標: CITEREFLipner2009 (幫助) Quote: "[...] one need not be religious in the minimal sense described to be accepted as a Hindu by Hindus, or describe oneself perfectly validly as Hindu. One may be polytheistic or monotheistic, monistic or pantheistic, henotheistic, panentheistic, pandeistic, even an agnostic, humanist or atheist, and still be considered a Hindu."
^Kurtz, Lester (编). Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace and Conflict. Academic Press. 2008. ISBN 978-0-12-369503-1.
^Bryant, Edwin. Krishna : A Sourcebook (Chapter 15 by Deepak Sarma). Oxford University Press. 2007: 358. ISBN 978-0195148923.
^Stoker, Valerie. Madhva (1238-1317). Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 2011 [29 February 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-10-12).
^Helmuth von Glasenapp: Madhva's Philosophie des Vishnu-Glaubens, Geistesströmungen des Ostens vol. 2, Bonn 1923, Einleitung (p. *1-2).
^Glasenapp: Madhva's Philosophie des Vishnu-Glaubens, p. 67–68.
^Glasenapp: Madhva's Philosophie des Vishnu-Glaubens, p. 71.
^Jeffery D. Long. Historical Dictionary of Hinduism. Scarecrow Press. 9 September 2011: 187. ISBN 9780810879607. Born near Udipi in Karnataka, where he spent most of his life, Madhva is believed by his devotees to be the third incarnation or avatāra of Vāyu, the Vedic god of the wind (the first two incarnations being Hanuman and Bhīma).
^Ravi Prakash. Religious Debates in Indian Philosophy. K.K. Publications. 15 January 2022: 176. According to tradition, Madhvacarya is believed to be the third incarnation of Vayu (Mukhyaprana), after Hanuman and Bhima.
^R. K. Madhukar. Gayatri: The Profound Prayer. Motilal Banarsidass. 1 January 2014: 90. ISBN 978-8178-22467-1. Vayu is accorded the status of a deva, an important God in the ancient literature. Lord Hanuman, who is considered to be one of the avatars of Vayudeva, is described as Mukhyaprana.
^Sarma 2000,第20 with footnotes 3 and 4頁. sfn模板錯誤: 無指向目標: CITEREFSarma2000 (幫助)
^ 72.072.172.2Sabapathy Kulandran and Hendrik Kraemer (2004), Grace in Christianity and Hinduism, James Clarke, ISBN978-0227172360, pages 177–179
^Vedic religion. Encyclopædia Britannica. [27 May 2020]. (原始内容存档于25 December 2019). It [Vedic religion] takes its name from the collections of sacred texts known as the Vedas. Vedism is the oldest stratum of religious activity in India for which there exist written materials. It was one of the major traditions that shaped Hinduism.
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