僧王

佛教
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佛教大綱（英语：Outline of Buddhism） 佛教主題 佛教专题
1902年缅甸僧王选举在曼德勒善法亭（Thudhamma Zayat）举行

僧伽罗闍（巴利語：Sangha-raja；高棉語：សង្ឃរាជ sanghreach；泰語：พระสังฆราช Sangkharat），意译为僧王，上座部佛教名词，是泰国和柬埔寨等东南亚国家巴利语系佛教的最高领袖的名称，名义上是全国僧侣的统领[1]。

詞源

巴利語中的Sangha-raja爲僧伽（巴利語：Sangha；梵語：Saṃgha）和王者（巴利語、梵語：rāja）的合成詞。

概論

僧王音譯“增加拉者”，是泰国和柬埔寨對佛教最高领袖的稱呼。在缅甸，則称僧王为“萨沙那邦”（緬甸語：သာသနာပိုင်，Thathanabaing，意为“佛法看守人”）或摩诃僧伽拉者（緬甸語：မဟာသံဃာရာဇာ Mahasangharaja，義爲“大僧王”）[2]，1938年被英国殖民当局废黜。

僧王在泰国享有崇高地位，与国王及政府平起平坐。

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ ราชบัณฑิตยสถาน, พจนานุกรม ฉบับราชบัณฑิตยสถาน พ.ศ. 2542, กรุงเทพฯ : นานมีบุ๊คส์พับลิเคชั่นส์, 2546, หน้า 1160
  2. ^ Twomey, D.H.R. The Thathanabaing, Head of the Buddhist Monks of Burma. The Imperial and Asiatic Quarterly Review (Oriental Institute). January 1904, XVII (33/34): 326–335. 

书目

  • Bennett, Charles Henry Allan. The Thathanabaing. Buddhism: A Quarterly Illustrated Review (Rangoon: International Buddhist Society). November 1904, 1 (4): 177–208. 
  • Aung San Suu Kyi. Freedom from Fear. Penguin. 2010. ISBN 978-1-101-56400-4. 
  • Chandara, Lor. Buddhist Head Becomes Great Supreme Patriarch. The Cambodia Daily. 25 May 2006 [7 November 2013]. （原始内容存档于2019-05-13）. 
  • Ghosh, Parimal. Brave Men of the Hills. University of Hawaii Press. 2000. ISBN 978-0-8248-2207-1. 
  • Harris, Ian, Sangha Groupings in Cambodia, Buddhist Studies Review (UK Association for Buddhist Studies), August 2001, 18 (I): 65–72 
  • Harris, Ian, Buddhism and Politics in Twentieth-century Asia, Continuum International Publishing Group, 2001, ISBN 0-8264-5178-0 
  • James, Helen. Governance and Civil Society in Myanmar. Psychology Press. 2005: 81–84. 
  • Long, Edward E. Order of the Yellow Robe. Broad views (Gay & Bird). January 1906, 5 (25). 
  • Scott, J. George. Gazetteer of Upper Burma and the Shan states (PDF) 2. Superintendent, Government Printing. 1900 [2017-07-09]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-12-08）. 
  • Twomey, D.H.R. The Thathanabaing, Head of the Buddhist Monks of Burma. The Imperial and Asiatic Quarterly Review (Oriental Institute). January 1904, XVII (33/34): 326–335. 

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