Nikolay Yudeniç

Nikolai Yudenich
Yudenich, c. 1916
Doğum30 Temmuz 1862(1862-07-30)
Moskova, Rus İmparatorluğu
Ölüm05 Ekim 1933 (71 yaşında)
Saint-Laurent-du-Var, Fransa
Defin yeriCaucade Ortodoks mezarlığı, Nice, Fransa
Bağlılığı Rusya (1879–1917)
Şablon:Ülke veri Rus cumhuriyeti Beyaz Ordu (1917–1919)
BranşıRus İmparatorluğu Rus İmparatorluk Ordusu
Şablon:Ülke veri Rus cumhuriyeti Beyaz Ordu
Hizmet yılları1879–1919
RütbesiPiyade Generali (İmparatorluk Rusya)
KomutasıRus Kafkas Ordusu
Çatışma/savaşları
İmza

Nikolay Nikolayeviç Yudeniç (Rusça: Николай Николаевич Юденич) (d. 30 Temmuz 1862, Moskova - ö. 5 Ekim 1933, Saint-Laurent-du-Var, Fransa), Rus general, I. Dünya Savaşı'nda Rus Kafkas Ordusu'nun, Rus İç Savaşı (1918-1920) sırasında da kuzeybatıdaki karşıdevrimci Beyaz birliklerin komutanı.[1]

Biyografi

1887'de Genelkurmay Akademisi'ni bitirdikten sonra 1902'ye değin Genelkurmay'da görev yaptı. Daha sonra alay komutanı oldu. Rus-Japon Savaşı'na (1904-05) katıldıktan sonra 1905'te generalliğe yükseldi. 1913'te Kafkas Askeri Bölgesinin kurmay başkanlığına getirildi.I. Dünya Savaşı sırasında 1914-15 ve 1917'de Kafkasya'daki Çarlık ordularına komuta etti.

1917'de Bolşeviklerin iktidarı ele geçirmesinin ardından Finlandiya'ya çekilen Yudeniç bir süre sonra Estonya'daki Tallinn'e geçti.[2] Mayıs 1919'da Sankt-Peterburg'a (bugün Petersburg) düzenlediği saldırı başarısızlıkla sonuçlandı ve gönüllülerden oluşan ordusu Estonya'ya çekilmek zorunda kaldı. Sibirya'daki karşıdevrimci hükûmet başkanı Amiral Aleksandr Kolçak, Temmuzda Yudeniç'i kuzeybatıdaki Beyaz orduların başkomutanı olarak tanıdı. Yudeniç Baltık Bölgesindeki dağınık Beyaz birlikleri toparlayarak 12 bin askerden oluşan bir ordu kurdu. Ama milliyetçi Estonya hükûmetine beslediği ve İngiliz danışmanlarıyla arasındaki anlaşmazlıklar siyasi gücünün azalmasına neden oldu. Ekim 1919'da güneyden Moskova'ya doğru ilerleyen Beyaz birliklerle aynı anda Petrograd'a yeni bir saldırı düzenleyen Yudeniç, Petrograd yakınlarındaki Pulkovo'da Kızıl Ordu tarafından durduruldu ve Estonya'ya geri çekilmeye zorladı. Ordusunu dağıttıktan (Ocak 1920) sonra Fransa'ya kaçtı ve sürgünde öldü.

Nikolay Nikolayeviç Yudeniç

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Pons, Silvio (2020). The Cambridge history of communism. Cambridge, Birleşik Krallık: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1316634578. 
  2. ^ Smith, S. A. (2017). The Oxford handbook of the history of communism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0198779414. 

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