Kahta Çayı

Kahta Çayı
Konum
Ülke(ler) Adıyaman, Malatya
Genel bilgiler
Ağız Fırat Nehri (Atatürk Barajı)
Ağız rakımı 542 m
Uzunluk 50 km
Havza alanı 1575 km²
Debi 32 m³/sn

Kahta Çayı, Adıyaman ili sınırlarında, Güneydoğu Toroslardan (Malatya Dağları) kaynağını alan, Keban Baraj Gölünde Fırat Nehri'ne dökülen akarsu.Yıllık ortalama akım 32 m³/sn, maksimum akım 120 m³/sn ile Mart ayında, minimum akım 4,1 m³/sn ile Eylül ayında gerçekleşir.[1]

Recep Çayı ve Gölgeli Çayı birleşerek Kahta Çayını oluşturmaktadır. Kahta Çayına daha sonra Cendere Çayı eklenir. Çay, Kahta Köprüsünden, Atatürk Barajı'na kadar örgülü drenaj ile akar. Yukarı havzalarında derin vadiler, bazen de gömük menderesler oluşturur.[2]

Kahta Çayı bazıları oldukça güçlü, pek çok karstik kaynak ile beslenir. Havşari kaynağı (642 litre/sn), Zerban kaynağı (300 litre/sn), Balıksırtı, Şelale, Mir ve Abdulharap kaynaklarının suları çaya karışır.

Kahta Çayı, havzasında arazinin gevşek malzemeden oluşması, bitki örtüsünün tahrip edilmesi ve iklim sebebiyle güçlü bir erozyon yapmaktadır. 1 km²'lik alandan 4.000 ton taşıma yapar. Yatağın kenarlarında 150–160 m yüksekliğe kadar akarsu terasları bulunur.[2] Havzada Adıyaman'a bağlı; Merkez, Kahta, Çelikhan ve Sincik ilçelerinin 57 köyü, Pötürge'ye (Malatya) bağlı 11 köy bulunur.

Akarsu üzerinde, 7 MW kurulu güce sahip, yıllık ortalama 25,64 GWh elektrik üreten Kahta Hidroelektrik santrali bulunur.[3] Kahta Çayı'nın Abdulharap Çayı kolunda sulama amaçlı Çat Barajı inşa edilmiştir. Son 20 yılda can kaybı yaşanan 6 sel, mal kaybına neden olan 29 sel yaşanmıştır. Havzada meydana gelen 253 çığdan, 10 tanesi can kaybına, 17'si mal kaybına sebep olmuştur.

Kahta Çayının kolu olan Cendere Çayı üzerinde tarihi Cendere Köprüsü bulunur. Köprü Komagene şehirleri tarafından Romalı yöneticiler onuruna yapılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  1. ^ ELMASTAŞ, Necmettin (2008). "Kahta Çayı Havzasının Arazi kullanımı" (PDF). Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi. 3 Haziran 2018 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 20 Kasım 2016. 
  2. ^ a b SUNKAR, Murat; KARATAŞ, Zeynel (2014). "Kahta Çayı Aşağı Havzası'nın (Adıyaman) jeomorfolojik özellikleri". Türk Coğrafya Dergisi. 17 Kasım 2016 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 20 Kasım 2016. 
  3. ^ "Kahta Çayı". enerjiatlasi.com. 4 Ağustos 2016 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 20 Kasım 2016. 

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