De facto

Başlığın diğer anlamları için Defacto (anlam ayrımı) sayfasına bakınız.

De facto (Latince telaffuz: [deː ˈfaktoː]) veya defakto, "gerçekte", "uygulamada", "fiilen", "fiilî" ya da "pratikte" anlamında kullanılan Latince deyiş. "Kanuna göre" veya "hukuki olarak" anlamına gelen "de jure" ile karşıt olarak sıkça kullanılır. Yasal bir durum tartışılırken, "de jure" kavramı, konu hakkında kanunların ne söylediğini, "de facto" kavramı ise gerçek hayatta uygulamanın nasıl olduğunu belirtir. Bu uygulama, yasal olabilir ya da olmayabilir.

De facto teriminin oldukça geniş bir kullanım alanı vardır. Evlilikten, devletler hukukuna kadar birçok konuda kullanılır. Ayrıca geçerli bir kanun ya da standardın olmadığı fakat genelleşmiş bir uygulamanın söz konusu olduğu herhangi bir durumu belirtmek için de kullanılır.

De facto evlilik

De facto terimi birçok gelişmiş ülkenin evlilik hukukunda kendine yer bulmuştur. Kanunen evli olmayan ancak beraber yaşayan kimselerin bir kısmının durumu bazı ülkelerde "de facto evlilik" olarak tanımlanır. Ancak bir ilişkinin "de facto evlilik" olabilmesi için belirli şartları yerine getirmesi gerekir. Bu şartlar ülkeden ülkeye değişmekle beraber genelde, tarafların aileye maddi katkısı, çocuk durumu, ilişkinin süresi gibi durumlar göz önünde bulundurulur.

De facto evli çiftler kanun önünde evli çiftlerin sahip olduğu tüm haklara sahip değildir (mal paylaşımı vs.). Ancak günümüzde yapılan yasal düzenlemelerle bu durum düzeltilmeye çalışılmaktadır.

Devletler Hukukunda De facto

Örnekler

Kaynakça

  • Morwood, James - A Dictionary of Latin Words and Phrases, Oxford University Press, 1998

Dipnotlar

  1. ^Morwood, James - A Dictionary of Latin Words and Phrases, Oxford University Press, 1998

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