Flavonoid

Molekulska struktura flavonske osnove (2-fenil-1,4-benzopiron)
Struktura izoflavana
Neoflavonoidna struktura

Flavonoidi (bioflavonoidi) (od lat. flavus sa značenjem žuto) su klasa biljnih sekundarnih metabolita. Flavonoidi su se originalno nazivali vitamin P, verovatno zbog uticaja koje imaju na permeabilnost vaskularnih kapilara, ali se u današnje vreme ovaj termin retko koristi .[1]

Po IUPAC nomenklaturi,[2] oni se mogu klasifikovati u:

Ove tri flavonoidne klase sadrže ketonske grupe, te su flavonoidi i flavonoli.

Bioflavonoidi

Postoji veliki broj bioflavonoida. Do sada je identifikovano preko 800 različitih bioflavonoida, a najpoznatiji su kvercetin, antocijanini, katehini, rutin, hesperidin i dr. Mnogi od njih su zapravo pigmenti u voću i povrću. Postoje brojni naučni podaci o njihovom blagotvornom učinku na organizam, mada istraživanja koje bi dala neoborive dokaze za te tvrdnje još uvek nedostaju.

Uloge u organizmu

Neki naučnici bioflavonoide nazivaju C-kompleksom pošto se često nalaze zajedno sa vitaminom C. Mnoga istraživanja o bioflavonoidima govore o njihovim mogućim ulogama u organizmu. Za sada je dosta pouzdano dokazano da bioflavonoidi mogu pozitivno da utiču na oštećenu funkciju kapilara i vena. Brojne studije su pokazale da bi bioflavonoidi imaju antitrombotska svojstva. Pokazano je i da su brojni bioflavonoidi moćni antioksidansi, tj. da sprečavaju oštećenje ćelija koje uzrokuju slobodni radikali, nusprodukti oksidativnog metabolizma. Neki se bioflavonoidi se koriste u prehrambenoj industriji kao dodaci hrani radi sprečavanja oksidacije masti, ali i za povećanje hranljive i biološke vrednosti takve hrane.

S druge strane, sve se više istražuje uloga bioflavonoida u metabolizmu i funkciji askorbinske kiseline, tj. vitamina C u organizmu. Za sada nema pouzdanog dokaza, ali se veruje da vitamin C i bioflavonoidi zajednički doprinose pozitivnim učincima na imunskog sistema. Postoje i istraživanja koja indiciraju pozitivan učinak bioflavonoida na prevenciju srčanih bolesti, raka, pa i na antiinfektivna svojstva nekih bioflavonoida.

Jedna mala studija je pokazala da pojedinačno korišteni vitamin C i flavonoid iz agruma, hesperidin, nemaju nikakvo dejstvo na simptome menopauze. Zajedno su, međutim, uklonili "valunge" kod većine od 94 žena koje su sudelovale u ispitivanju.[3]

Pošto se bioflavonoidi ne smatraju vitaminima niti neophodnim materijama za sada ne postoji preporučena dnevna doza unosa bioflavonoida, ali brojni naučnici veruju da prehrana s puno bioflavonoida iz voća i povrća može da spreči razvoj srčanih bolesti i mnogih tumora.

Reference

  1. Mobh, Shiro (1938). „Research for Vitamin P”. The Journal of Biochemistry. 
  2. Flavonoids (isoflavonoids and neoflavonoids)., IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology
  3. Lancet, 1993; 341: 454-57.

Literatura

  • Andersen, Ø.M. / Markham, K.R. (2006). Flavonoids: Chemistry, Biochemistry and Applications. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-2021-7
  • Grotewold, Erich (2007). The Science of Flavonoids. Springer. ISBN 978-0-387-74550-3

Povezano

Spoljašnje veze

Read other articles:

Koordinat: 4°20′55″S 119°52′57″E / 4.34861°S 119.88250°E / -4.34861; 119.88250 Kabupaten Soppeng Tana SoppéngWanua SoppéngKabupatenTranskripsi bahasa daerah • Lontara Bugisᨈᨊ ᨔᨚᨄᨚ • Lontaraᨀᨅᨘᨄᨈᨛ ᨔᨚᨄᨚDari kiri ke kanan, atas ke bawah: Masjid Besar Taqwa Ganra, Bentang alam Bulu Dua, Kelelawar di pusat Kota Watansoppeng, Rumah adat Sao Mario, Tari Mappadendang pada HUT Soppeng ke-757 tahun, Pembu...

1. Junior Eurovision Song Contest Datum 15. November 2003 Austragungsland Danemark Dänemark Austragungsort Forum Kopenhagen, Frederiksberg Austragender Fernsehsender Moderation Camilla Ottesen & Remee Pausenfüller Sugababes mit Hole in the Head undBusted mit Crashed the Wedding Teilnehmende Länder 16 Gewinner Kroatien Kroatien Erstmalige Teilnahme Belgien Belgien,Danemark Dänemark,Griechenland Griechenland,Kroatien Kroatien,Lettland Lettland,Malta...

التهاب هلل الفروة السالخ (بالإنجليزية: Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp أو dissecting scalp cellulitis)‏ أو التهاب حوائط الجريبيات الرأسية المتقح الخانق (بالإنجليزية: Perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens أو folliculitis abscedens et suffodiens أو perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens of Hoffman)‏ هي حالة التهابية تصيب فروة الرأس وتؤدي إلى ثع

This article uses bare URLs, which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot. Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style. Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as reFill (documentation) and Citation bot (documentation). (August 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) View from Plaza de Santa Cruz, by J. Laurent (c. 1870.); Biblioteca Nacional de Esp...

Malí en los Juegos Olímpicos Bandera de MalíCódigo COI MLICON Comité Nacional Olímpico y Deportivo de MalíJuegos Olímpicos de Río de Janeiro 2016Deportistas 6 en 4 deportesAbanderado Jonas Junius[1]​MedallasPuesto: 0 0 0 0 0 Historia olímpicaJuegos de verano 1964 • 1968 • 1972 • 1976 • 1980 • 1984 • 1988 • 1992 • 1996 • 2000 • 2004 • 2008 • 2...

Microsorum Microsorum pteropus Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Plantae Divisi: Pteridophyta Kelas: Pteridopsida Ordo: Polypodiales (tanpa takson): Eupolypods I Famili: Polypodiaceae Genus: MicrosorumLink Hort. Berol. 1833[1] Species Lihat teks. Sinonim Campylogramma Alderw. 1916 Colysis C. Presl 1851 Dendroconche Copel. 1911 Kaulinia B.K. Nayar 1964 Microsorium Link 1841 Myrmecophila Christ ex T. Nakai 1929 Onychium Reinw. 1825 Phymatosorus Pic. Serm. 1973[2] Microsorum adalah sa...

Artikel ini membutuhkan penyuntingan lebih lanjut mengenai tata bahasa, gaya penulisan, hubungan antarparagraf, nada penulisan, atau ejaan. Anda dapat membantu untuk menyuntingnya. Transmisi SCTV RCTI DiliSCTV RCTI Timor TimurDili, Timor TimurIndonesiaSaluranAnalog: 11 VHF (SCTV)13 VHF(RCTI)RiwayatSiaran perdana24 Agustus 1993Siaran terakhir30 September 1999Informasi teknisPemancar relayDili SCTV RCTI Dili (atau Stasiun Transmisi Dili) adalah bekas stasiun televisi nasional yang pernah bersia...

Australian TV channel Television channel BoomerangCountryAustraliaProgrammingLanguage(s)EnglishPicture format576i SDTVOwnershipOwnerWarner Bros. Discovery Asia-PacificSister channelsCartoon NetworkCNN InternationalHistoryLaunched3 October 1995; 28 years ago (1995-10-03) (as a programming block)14 March 2004; 19 years ago (2004-03-14) (as a standalone TV channel)LinksWebsiteOfficial websiteAvailabilityStreaming mediaFoxtel GoChannel 715Bingebinge.com.au Boom...

2010 IAAF WorldIndoor ChampionshipsTrack events60 mmenwomen400 mmenwomen800 mmenwomen1500 mmenwomen3000 mmenwomen60 m hurdlesmenwomen4 × 400 m relaymenwomenField eventsHigh jumpmenwomenPole vaultmenwomenLong jumpmenwomenTriple jumpmenwomenShot putmenwomenCombined eventsPentathlonwomenHeptathlonmenvte The men's 800 metres at the 2010 IAAF World Indoor Championships was held at the ASPIRE Dome on 12, 13 and 14 March. Medalists Gold Silver Bronze Abubaker Kaki Sudan Boaz Kiplagat Lalan...

Observance of Dusshera in Nepal This article may be confusing or unclear to readers. Please help clarify the article. There might be a discussion about this on the talk page. (October 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) NavaratriDhodha navratri depicting various forms of Hindu deities worshiped for 9 days and in 10th day in is dasheraObserved byHinduismTypeHinduCelebrations9-10 daysObservancesMajor [Hindu] FestivalBeginsSeptember/OctoberEndsOctober/NovemberDateUsua...

Historic hotel in Massachusetts, U.S. The Kendall HotelHotel in 2010Location in MassachusettsShow map of MassachusettsLocation in United StatesShow map of the United StatesGeneral informationCoordinates42°21′44″N 71°05′14″W / 42.3622°N 71.0873°W / 42.3622; -71.0873Opened2002 The Kendall Hotel, or The Kendall Hotel, is a boutique hotel on Main St. in the Kendall Square area of Cambridge, Massachusetts. It repurposed a firehouse built in 1895: it was once the...

2020 South Korean sci-fi television series RugalPromotional posterHangul루갈Literal meaningDry TearsRevised RomanizationRugal GenreActionScience fictionBased onRugalby Rel.maeDeveloped byOCNStudio DragonWritten byDo HyunDirected byKang Cheol-wooLee Jung-sooStarringChoi Jin-hyukPark Sung-woongJo Dong-hyukJung Hye-inKim Min-sangHan Ji-wanPark Sun-hoMusic byPark Se-joonCountry of originSouth KoreaOriginal languageKoreanNo. of episodes16ProductionExecutive producerSong Jin-sunProducerNoh Ji-yeo...

American dark comedy-drama television series WeedsGenreBlack comedy[1][2]Comedy drama[1][3]Satire[1]Created byJenji KohanWritten byJenji Kohan (21 episodes)Roberto Benabib (14 episodes)Matthew Salsberg (12 episodes)Victoria Morrow (11 episodes)Rolin Jones (9 episodes)Stephen Falk (9 episodes)Brendan Kelly (8 episodes)David Holstein (7 episodes)and othersDirected byCraig Zisk (20 episodes)Scott Ellis (18 episodes)Michael Trim (18 episodes)and othersStarr...

Japanese ice hockey player Ice hockey player Shiori Koike Koike in 2017Born (1993-03-21) 21 March 1993 (age 30)Tochigi, JapanHeight 1.59 m (5 ft 3 in)Weight 52 kg (115 lb; 8 st 3 lb)Position DefenceShoots LeftJWIHC team DK PeregrineNational team  JapanPlaying career 2011–present Shiori Koike (小池 詩織, Koike Shiori, born 21 March 1993) is a Japanese ice hockey player for DK Peregrine and the Japanese national team. The Japanese team part...

2013 video by Susumu HirasawaPhonon 2555 VisionVideo by Susumu HirasawaReleasedAugust 19, 2013 (2013-08-19)Recorded6 – 8 June 2012VenueU-Port Hall, Nishigotanda, Shinagawa, TokyoGenreChoralcollageelectronicanew-ageprogressive rocksymphonic rocktechnopopworldLength1:45:07LabelChaos Union, TESLAKITE CHTE-0072DirectorMasanori ChinzeiProducerSusumu HirasawaSusumu Hirasawa video chronology Tokyo I-jigen Kudou(2011) Phonon 2555 Vision(2013) Interactive Live Show 2013Nomonos...

LighthouseCapo Milazzo Capo Milazzo LighthouseLocationCapo di MilazzoMilazzoSicilyItalyCoordinates38°16′14″N 15°13′52″E / 38.270478°N 15.231020°E / 38.270478; 15.231020TowerConstructed1853 (first)Foundationconcrete baseConstructionconcrete towerHeight34 metres (112 ft)Shapemassive cylindrical tower with four buttresses and lanternMarkingswhite tower, grey metallic lantern domePower sourcemains electricity OperatorMarina Militare[1][...

American abolitionist and inventor Thaddeus Hyatt Thaddeus Hyatt (July 21, 1816 – July 25, 1901) was an American abolitionist and inventor. In his opposition to slavery, Hyatt organized the efforts of abolitionists in Kansas to have the territory admitted to the Union as a free-state and campaigned for the federal government to aid Kansans afflicted by drought. Hyatt befriended John Brown and provided Brown with financial support; following the raid on Harpers Ferry, Hyatt was investigated ...

Waterfront ParkWaterfront Park in May 2019TypeUrban ParkLocationSeattle, WashingtonCoordinates47°36′25″N 122°20′31″W / 47.60694°N 122.34194°W / 47.60694; -122.34194Established1968; 55 years ago (1968)Operated bySeattle Parks and Recreation Waterfront Park is a public park on the Central Waterfront, Downtown, Seattle, Washington, USA. Designed by the Bumgardner Partnership and consultants, it was constructed on the site of the former S...

Venetian painter (1548/50–1628) Palma GiovaneSupposed self-portrait as a monkBorn1548/50Venice, Republic of Venice, (present day Veneto, Italy)Died14 October 1628 (aged 77–80)Venice, Republic of Venice, (present day Veneto, Italy)NationalityItalianKnown forPaintingMovementHigh Renaissance Iacopo Negretti (1548/50[1] – 14 October 1628), best known as Jacopo or Giacomo Palma il Giovane or simply Palma Giovane (Young Palma),[2] was an Italian painter from Venice and a ...

فاروق يوسف معلومات شخصية الميلاد 1955 (العمر 68 سنة)بغداد الإقامة لندن الجنسية  العراق -  السويد الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم الفن التشكيلي في بغداد المهنة كاتب، ناقد الجوائز جائزة ابن بطوطة لأدب اليوميات عام 2006 بوابة الأدب تعديل مصدري - تعديل   فاروق يوسف (مواليد 1955)، هو...