Antidepresiv

Prozak, najpoznatiji američki antidepresant.
Venlafaksin, SNRI inhibitor.

Antidepresiv je psihijatrijski (psihotropski) lek koji se koristi za olakšavanje poremećaja raspoloženja[1], kao što su klinička depresija i distimija i anksiozni poremećaji kao što je socijalna fobija. Lekovi poput inhibitora monoamin oksidaze (MAOI), tricikličnih antidepresanata (TCA), tetracikličnih antidepresanta (TeCA), selektivnih inhibitora preuzimanja serotonina (SSRI), i inhibitora serotonin-norepinefrin preuzimanja (SNRI) su najčešće asocirani sa ovim terminom. Ovi lekovi su u širokoj upotrebi. NJihova efikasnost i nepoželjni efekti su tema mnogobrojnih studija i nesuglasica. U SAD neki od poznatih lekova ove grupe su Prozak, Elavil i Vivaktil. Česta je zloupotreba ovih supstanci, posebno na tržištima na kojima ne postoji stroga kontrola prometa.[2][3]

Opioidi su korišćeni da lečenje kliničke depresije do kasnih 1950-tih godina. Amfetamini su korišćeni do sredine 1960-tih. Legalnost propisivanja opioda i amfetamina za depresiju je sporna tema. U zadnjih šezdeset godina sproveden je relativno mali broj studija namenjenih utvrđivanju terapeutskog potencijala opioidnih derivata za lečenje depresije. U konstrastu s tim amfetamini su našli primenu u lečenju širokog niza bolesti, poput hiperkinetičkog poremećaja, narkolepsije, i gojaznosti, a u toku su mnogobrojna istraživanja za niz drugih oblika primene. Obe grupe lekova, opioidni i amfetaminski, indukuju terapeutski respons veoma brzo. Rezultati su primetni u toku dvadeset četiri do četrdeset-osam sati. Terapeutski odnosi za opioide i amfetamine su veći od vrednosti proizvedenih tricikličnim antidepresivima. U nekim od istraživanja ograničenog obima iz 1995. godine je bilo pokazano da opioid buprenorfin ima najveći potencijal za tretman kliničke depresije. Međutim, ovaj nalaz nije našao praktičnu primenu zbog socijalne stigme vezane za opioide.[4]

Reference

  1. ↑ Thomas L. Lemke, David A. Williams, ur. (2002). Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry (5 izd.). Baltimore: Lippincott Willams & Wilkins. str. 324. ISBN 0-7817-4443-1. 
  2. ↑ Ovaj članak, ili jedan njegov segment, izvorno je preuzet iz knjige Ivan Vidanović "Rečnik socijalnog rada" uz odobrenje autora.
  3. ↑ Keith Parker; Laurence Brunton; Goodman, Louis Sanford; Lazo, John S.; Gilman, Alfred (2006). Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (11 izd.). New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-142280-3. 
  4. ↑ Bodkin JA. et al. (1995). „Buprenorphine treatment of refractory depression”. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 15: 49-57. PMID 7714228. 

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