Юда

У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Юда (значения).

Юда (болг. юда, юда-самовила, макед. јуда) — в болгарской и македонской мифологии злое мифическое существо женского пола, которое живёт в горах, у озера и носится вихрем по воздуху[1]. Разновидность вил[2].

Первоначально слово «юда» имело различные значения: могучая, коварная, вертлявая, сварливая, злобная по отношению к виле. В дальнейшем юда стала синонимом слов вила, самодива, самовила[3]. У болгар из-за созвучия происходило смешение юды с Иудой, что послужило поводом для выделения её в самостоятельную фигуру фольклора[4].

В отличие от вил юды относятся враждебно к людям и, завидев кого-нибудь купающимся, опутывают своими длинными волосами, как сетями; пойманных замучивают различными способами, причём с особенным удовольствием выдирают им глаза.

См. также

Примечания

  1. ↑ ЭССЯ, 1981, с. 191.
  2. ↑ Ильинский, 1933, с. 467.
  3. ↑ Ильинский, 1933, с. 473.
  4. ↑ Ильинский, 1933, с. 474.

Литература

  • Этимологический словарь славянских языков. Праславянский лексический фонд. Вып. 8 (*xa - *јьvьlga). — М.: Наука, 1981. — 252 с.
  • Ильинский Г. Юда (Страничка из славянской мифологии) // Сборникъ въ честь на проф. Л. Милетич за седемдесетгодишнината отъ рождението му (1863—1933). — София: Издание на Македонския наученъ институтъ, 1933. — С. 467–474.

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