Operação Merlin

Operation Merlin foi uma operação secreta dos Estados Unidos sob o governo de Bill Clinton para prover ao Irã designs falhos de componentes de armas nucleares visando atrasar ou limitar o programa de armas nucleares iraniano.[1]

História

Em seu livro State of War, o autor e correspondente de inteligência do The New York Times, James Risen, relata que a CIA escolheu um cientista nuclear desertor da Rússia para prover esquemas deliberadamente falhos de cabeças de mísseis nucleares para oficiais iranianos, em fevereiro de 2000.[2] 

O componente selecionado foi baseado no Russian TBA-480 Fire Set (High Voltage Automatic Block), que foi modificado em uma tentativa de torná-lo "fatalmente falho". A CIA estimou que o TBA-480 Fire Set, desenvolvido em Arzamas-16, era 20 anos mais avançado que qualquer coisa necessária para tornar funcional uma arma nuclear de 1ª geração.

Após a entrega dos designs ao Irã em 3 de março de 2000, a CIA estendeu o emprego do russo para disfarçar o TBA-480 falso, e assim fazer o Irã suspeitar de outro país com planos nucleares.[1]

Risen escreveu em seu livro que Bill CLinton aprovou a operação, e Bush também apoiou, em seu mandato.[2][3] A publicação inicial de detalhes da operação, em 2003, foi impedida pela intervenção da Condoleezza Rice no Editor Executivo do New York Times, Howell Raines.[4]

Tiro pela culatra

A Operação Merlin deu errado quando o contato russo da CIA notou as falhas nos esquemas e avisou os cientistas nucleares iranianos.[5] Ao invés de atrapalhar o programa nuclear iraniano, a Operação Merlin então pode ter acelerado-a, por ter provido informações úteis: uma vez descobertas as falhas, os planos podiam ser comparados com outros, tal qual aqueles que presume-se terem sido providos por A. Q. Khan.[5]

Prisão do oficial da CIA

Ao fim de 2010, o antigo oficial da CIA Jeffrey Alexander Sterling foi acusado de ser a alegada fonte de algumas informações constantes no livro de Risen, e foi declarado culpado de espionagem em janeiro de 2015.[6] Sua sentença foi de detenção por 3 ¹⁄2 anos.[7]

Leitura adicional

  • James Risen, State of War: The Secret History of the CIA and the Bush Administration, Free Press, January 2006, ISBN 0-7432-7066-5

Referências

  1. ↑ a b «USA v. Sterling 10 CIA Exhibits on Merlin Ruse» (PDF). Central Intelligence Agency. 14 de janeiro de 2015. Consultado em 17 de janeiro de 2015 
  2. ↑ a b Risen, James (3 de janeiro de 2006). State of War: The Secret History of the CIA and the Bush Administration. [S.l.]: Free Press. ISBN 978-0-7432-7066-3 
  3. ↑ Borger, Julian (5 de janeiro de 2006). «US blunder aided Iran's atomic aims, book claims». London: Guardian Unlimited. Consultado em 20 de maio de 2010. Cópia arquivada em 25 de outubro de 2012 
  4. ↑ Harlow, William R. (16 de janeiro de 2015). «USA v. Sterling Exhibits 105-108 Risen-CIA Logs» (PDF). Central Intelligence Agency. Consultado em 17 de janeiro de 2015 
  5. ↑ a b Risen, James (5 de janeiro de 2006). «George Bush insists that Iran must not be allowed to develop nuclear weapons. So why, six years ago, did the CIA give the Iranians blueprints to build a bomb?». London: Guardian Unlimited. Consultado em 20 de maio de 2010. Cópia arquivada em 1 de abril de 2014 
  6. ↑ Isikoff, Michael (6 de janeiro de 2011). «Ex-CIA Officer Charged with Leak to Reporter». NBC New York. Consultado em 7 de janeiro de 2011 
  7. ↑ «Former CIA Officer Jeffrey Sterling Sentenced to 3 1/2 Years for Leak to Times Reporter». www.nbcnews.com. NBC News. Consultado em 16 de maio de 2015 

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