Operação Guitar Boy

Operação Guitar Boy foi o codinome para uma tentativa de golpe de Estado em 17 de abril de 1967 em Gana, por um grupo de oficiais subalternos das Forças Armadas de Gana. Embora sem êxito, o golpe resultou no assassinato do tenente-general Emmanuel Kwasi Kotoka, chefe de Estado-Maior da Gana.

Antecedentes

Em 24 de fevereiro de 1966, ocorreu um golpe militar, com os militares de Gana derrubando o governo do Partido da Convenção do Povo (em inglês: Convention People's Party, CPP) do primeiro presidente da República da Gana, Kwame Nkrumah. O regime militar governante se autonomeou Conselho Nacional de Libertação (em inglês: National Liberation Council, NLC), e Kotoka, como o oficial geral comandante das forças armadas de Ghana, foi uma figura importante no conselho.[1]

Guitar Boy

A tentativa de contragolpe contra o Conselho Nacional de Libertação foi instigada por três oficiais subalternos das Forças Armadas de Gana: o tenente Samuel Arthur, o tenente Moses Yeboah e o segundo tenente Osei-Poku. Com o apoio de vários oficiais superiores, incluindo o subtenente George Ofosu, e 119 soldados do 2º Recce (Reconhecimento), os golpistas conspiraram para derrubar o governo do Conselho Nacional de Libertação.[1]

A operação foi nomeada "Guitar Boy" devido a uma canção popular do músico nigeriano Victor Uwaifo, na qual a deusa da água da África Ocidental, a Mami Uata, lhe dera uma guitarra e pediu-lhe para fazer boa música. Após a tentativa de golpe, "Guitar Boy" foi proibida pelo Conselho Nacional de Libertação das airplays de rádios transmitidas em Gana.[1][2]

O tenente-general Kotoka foi baleado e morto pelo tenente Yeboah no Aeroporto Internacional de Gana. O aeroporto seria renomeado mais tarde Aeroporto Internacional Kotoka em homenagem ao general, e o local em que ele foi morto agora abriga um memorial com uma estátua em tamanho real.[carece de fontes?]

O tenente Arthur tentou ganhar acesso ao depósito de munições do 1º Regimento de Recce. Em uma luta pelas chaves, o capitão Avevor - o quartel-mestre do depósito - foi baleado e morto.[carece de fontes?]

Por seu papel nas mortes, Yeboah e Arthur foram executados por pelotão de fuzilamento em um campo militar perto de Labadi Beach. O outro conspirador, Osei-Poku, recebeu uma sentença de prisão de trinta anos, e os outros membros do regimento também foram condenados à prisão.[carece de fontes?]

Consequências

Embora o golpe Guitar Boy fosse finalmente infrutífero, considera-se que teria conduzido à posterior queda do governo do Conselho Nacional de Libertação, devido ao aumento das divisões causadas pelo assassinato de Kotoka, que era uma influência estabilizadora no governo militar.[1]

Alguns partidários de Nkrumah alegaram que o golpe abortado de Arthur visava restaurar o presidente destituído Kwame Nkrumah e seu Partido da Convenção do Povo. No entanto, a biografia de Kotoka por Ofosu-Appiah indica algo diferente, pois Arthur teria dito que ele queria ser o primeiro subalterno a ter realizado um golpe militar bem sucedido na África[3].

Referências

  1. ↑ a b c d Ogunbiyi, Tokunbo: Forty Years After 'Operation Guitar Boy', and the Nigerian Connection, Nigeriaworld, April 17, 2007.
  2. ↑ KWESI OWUSU (7 de março de 2016). «Politics and highlife : Of Ebi te yie, Guitar Boy and To wobo ase days». Graphic Online 
  3. ↑ (Life of Kotoka, pp. 117-137)
  • Este artigo foi inicialmente traduzido, total ou parcialmente, do artigo da Wikipédia em inglês cujo título é «Operation Guitar Boy».

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