Conselho Provisório de Defesa Nacional

O Conselho Provisório de Defesa Nacional (em inglês: Provisional National Defence Council, PNDC) foi o governo de Gana após o governo eleito do Partido Nacional do Povo ser deposto por Jerry Rawlings, o antigo chefe do Conselho Revolucionário das Forças Armadas, em 31 de dezembro de 1981. Ele permaneceria no poder até 7 de janeiro de 1993. Em uma declaração explicando o golpe de Estado, Rawlings explicou que uma "guerra santa" foi necessária devido ao fracasso do PNP em proporcionar uma liderança eficaz e pelo colapso da economia nacional e dos serviços estatais. O Conselho Provisório de Defesa Nacional foi uma ditadura militar que induziu os civis a participarem na administração. A maioria dos membros do Conselho foram civis.[1] As políticas do Conselho Provisório de Defesa Nacional refletiram um governo revolucionário, porém pragmático em seu método. Os objetivos econômicos do Conselho foram travar a decadência econômica, estabilizar a economia e, consequentemente, estimular o crescimento econômico. Politicamente, o seu objetivo era estabelecer estruturas que efetivamente permitissem que as pessoas expressassem sua vontade política. Mais significativamente, o Conselho, carregava consigo o espírito da Revolução de 4 de Junho de 1979, propondo uma mudança de atitude das pessoas de uma posição do 'governo fornecerá' para uma entidade pró-ativa na construção da nação.

O Conselho Provisório de Defesa Nacional finalmente cedeu o poder, ministrando uma nova constituição em 1992 e realizando eleições naquele ano, embora o partido de John Rawlings, o Congresso Democrático Nacional, obteve oficialmente nessa eleição presidencial mais de 58%, de modo que a oposição boicotou as eleições parlamentares subsequentes.[2]

Membros

Os sete membros originais do Conselho Provisório de Defesa Nacional desde a sua criação foram os seguintes:

Saídas e substituições

Ao longo dos anos, algumas pessoas foram adicionadas aos membros e outras retiradas. Algumas saíram em 1982 devido as diferenças ideológicas. Joachim Amartey Quaye foi executado por seu envolvimento no assassinato de três juízes seniores e um oficial do exército reformado. O Reverendo Damuah, que foi suspenso da Igreja Católica por causa de seu envolvimento no governo retirou-se no final de 1982 e iniciou sua própria igreja mais tarde chamada Missão Afrikania, uma organização dedicada à promoção da Religião Tradicional Africana.[3]

Agosto de 1992 em diante - Membros finais

  • Tenente de voo Jerry John Rawlings - Presidente
  • Justice D. F. Annan
  • Alhaji Iddrisu Mahama
  • Capitão Kojo Tsikata
  • P. V. Obeng
  • Tenente general Arnold Quainoo
  • Vice marechal do ar Dumashie
  • Dr. Sra. Mary Grant

Referências

  1. ↑ «Ghana - The Second Coming of Rawlings: The First Six Years, 1982- 87». Library of Congress Studies Country Profile. Federal Research Division, Library of Congressm, USA. Novembro de 1994 
  2. ↑ Jeffries, Richard and Thomas, Clare (1993). «The Ghanaian Elections of 1992». African Affairs. 92 (368): 331–366 
  3. ↑ «Ghana - Libation issue rears up again». African News Bulletin. Arquivado do original em 26 de maio de 2011 
  4. ↑ a b c Martin K.I Christensen. «Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership» 
  5. ↑ Ghana News Agency. «Justice Daniel Francis Annan». Ghana Famous People. Ghana Home Page 
  6. ↑ a b «The Rawlings Revolution». GhanaDistricts.com. Consultado em 24 de dezembro de 2014. Arquivado do original em 4 de fevereiro de 2016 
  7. ↑ «"Chapter 2— Ghana in Economic Crisis" in The Politics of Reform in Ghana, 1982–1991». 32 páginas 

Precedido por
Governo Limann (1979-1981)		 Governo de Gana
Regime Militar
1981–1993		 Sucedido por
Governo Rawlings (1993-2001)

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