Nucleobase

Nota: Se procura bases que são constituídas por um conjunto de núcleos no cérebro com diferentes estruturas, veja Núcleos da base.

As nucleobases, também conhecidas como bases nitrogenadas ou frequentemente bases simples, são compostos biológicos contendo nitrogênio que formam nucleosídeos, que por sua vez são componentes de nucleotídeos,^[1] com todos esses monômeros constituindo os blocos básicos de construção dos ácidos nucléicos.^[2] A capacidade das nucleobases em formar pares de bases e empilhar umas sobre as outras leva diretamente a estruturas helicoidais de cadeia longa, como ácido ribonucleico (RNA) e ácido desoxirribonucleico (DNA).^[3]^[4]

Estrutura

Nas laterais da estrutura de ácido nucleico, as moléculas de fosfato conectam sucessivamente os dois anéis de açúcar de dois monômeros nucleotídicos adjacentes, criando assim uma biomolécula de cadeia longa.

Nucleobases modificadas

O DNA e o RNA também contêm outras bases (não primárias) que foram modificadas após a formação da cadeia de ácidos nucleicos. No DNA, a base modificada mais comum é a 5-metilcitosina (m⁵C).^[5] No RNA, existem muitas bases modificadas, incluindo as contidas nos nucleosídeos pseudouridina (Ψ), di-hidrouridina (D), inosina (I) e 7-metilguanosina (m⁷G).^[6]^[7]

Nucleobases purinas modificadas

Estes são exemplos de adenosina ou guanosina modificada.

Nucleobase	Hipoxantina	Xantina	7-metilguanina
Nucleosídeo	Inosina I	Xanthosina X	7-Metilguanosina m⁷G

Nucleobases de pirimidina modificadas

Estes são exemplos de citosina, timina ou uridina modificada.

Nucleobase	5,6-Di-hidrouracil	5-Metilcitosina	5-Hidroximetilcitosina
Nucleosídeo	Di-hidrouridina D	5-Metilcitidina m⁵C

Referências

↑ «nucleobase (CHEBI:18282)». www.ebi.ac.uk. Consultado em 25 de outubro de 2019
↑ «Nitrogenous Base - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics». www.sciencedirect.com. Consultado em 25 de outubro de 2019
↑ Lodish, Harvey; Berk, Arnold; Zipursky, S. Lawrence; Matsudaira, Paul; Baltimore, David; Darnell, James (2000). «Structure of Nucleic Acids». Molecular Cell Biology. 4th edition (em inglês)
↑ «DNA structure and function». Khan Academy (em inglês). Consultado em 25 de outubro de 2019
↑ Kumar, Suresh; Chinnusamy, Viswanathan; Mohapatra, Trilochan (18 de dezembro de 2018). «Epigenetics of Modified DNA Bases: 5-Methylcytosine and Beyond». Frontiers in Genetics. 9. ISSN 1664-8021. PMC 6305559. PMID 30619465. doi:10.3389/fgene.2018.00640
↑ «Pseudouridine - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics». www.sciencedirect.com. Consultado em 25 de outubro de 2019
↑ «Nucleotides, DNA, and RNA – Knowledge for medical students and physicians». www.amboss.com. Consultado em 25 de outubro de 2019

Este artigo sobre um composto orgânico é um esboço. Você pode ajudar a Wikipédia expandindo-o.

v d e Ácidos nucleicos
Bases nitrogenadas	Adenina Timina Uracilo Guanina Citosina Purina Pirimidina
Nucleosídeos	Adenosina Uridina Guanosina Citidina Desoxiadenosina Timidina Desoxiguanosina Desoxicitidina Inosina
Nucleotídeos	AMP UMP GMP CMP ADP UDP GDP CDP ATP UTP GTP CTP AMPc GMPc
Desoxinucleotídeos	dAMP dTMP dUMP dGMP dCMP dADP dTDP dUDP dGDP dCDP dATP dTTP dUTP dGTP dCTP
Ácidos nucleicos	DNA RNA PNA RNAm miRNA RNAr RNAt DNAmt Oligonucleotídeo

Read other articles:

1928 United States presidential election in Texas

Election in Texas Main article: 1928 United States presidential election 1928 United States presidential election in Texas ← 1924 November 6, 1928 1932 → Nominee Herbert Hoover Al Smith Party Republican Democratic Home state California New York Running mate Charles Curtis Joseph T. Robinson Electoral vote 20 0 Popular vote 367,036 341,032 Percentage 51.77% 48.10% County Results Hoover 50–60% 60–70% 70–8...

Ahmad Benali

Footballer (born 1992) Ahmad Benali Personal informationFull name Benali in 2018Date of birth (1992-02-07) 7 February 1992 (age 32)Place of birth Manchester, EnglandHeight 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in)Position(s) Central midfielderAttacking midfielderTeam informationCurrent team BariNumber 8Youth career2001–2010 Manchester CitySenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)2010–2012 Manchester City 0 (0)2011–2012 → Rochdale (loan) 2 (0)2012–2015 Brescia 79 (13)2015–2016 Palermo 0 (0)...

Walther Rathenau

German businessman and politician (1867–1922) Walther RathenauForeign Minister of GermanyIn office1 February – 24 June 1922PresidentFriedrich EbertChancellorJoseph WirthPreceded byJoseph Wirth (acting)Succeeded byJoseph Wirth (acting) Personal detailsBorn(1867-09-29)29 September 1867Berlin, North German ConfederationDied24 June 1922(1922-06-24) (aged 54)Berlin, Weimar RepublicPolitical partyGerman Democratic PartyRelationsEmil Rathenau (father)ProfessionIndustrialist, politi...

Sandro Bolchi

Sandro Bolchi Sandro Bolchi (Voghera, 18 gennaio 1924 – Roma, 2 agosto 2005) è stato un regista italiano. Indice 1 Biografia 1.1 La televisione 2 Televisione 3 Prosa radiofonica Rai 4 Teatro 5 Note 6 Altri progetti 7 Collegamenti esterni Biografia Nato da una famiglia originaria di Novi Ligure (AL), si laureò in lettere ed esordì come attore al teatro Guf di Trieste. Proseguì questa esperienza anche dopo essersi trasferito a Bologna, dove iniziò l'attività di giornalista e approfondì...

أوليفر كرومويل

صاحب السمو الملكي أوليفر كرومويل (بالإنجليزية: Oliver Cromwell)‏ معلومات شخصية الميلاد 5 مايو 1599(1599-05-05)هانتينغدون [لغات أخرى]‏[1][2][3] الوفاة 13 سبتمبر 1658 (59 سنة)وستمنستر سبب الوفاة ملاريا مكان الدفن دير وستمنستر مواطنة مملكة إنجلترا (1599–) الكومن...

Turun Palloseura (calcio)

Turun PalloseuraCalcio Segni distintivi Uniformi di gara Casa Trasferta Terza divisa Colori sociali Bianco, nero Simboli pallone da calcio Dati societari Città Turku Nazione Finlandia Confederazione UEFA Federazione SPL/FBF Campionato Ykkönen Fondazione 1922 Presidente Aimo Moisander Allenatore Mika Laurikainen Stadio Stadio Paavo Nurmi(13 000 posti) Sito web fc.tps.fi Palmarès Titoli nazionali 8 Mestaruussarja Trofei nazionali 3 Suomen Cup1 Liigacup Stagione in corso Dati aggi...

EMac

All-in-one desktop computer made by Apple For other uses, see Emac (disambiguation). Not to be confused with iMac or Emacs. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: EMac – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) eMacLogo of eMacThe ...

Broad measures of economic progress

The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with Europe and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this article, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new article, as appropriate. (April 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Although for many decades, it was customary to focus on GDP and other measures of national income, there has been growing interest in developing broad measures of economic well-being. National and i...

Hoy no me puedo levantar

For the song, see Hoy No Me Puedo Levantar (song). Musical by Nacho Cano , José María CanoHoy no me puedo levantarMusicNacho Cano José María CanoLyricsNacho Cano José María CanoBookDavid SerranoProductions0q6 Madrid, Spain 2006 Mexico City, Mexico 2007 Mexican tour 2008 Spanish tour 2009 Barcelona, Spain 2013 Madrid, Spain (revival) 2014 Mexico City, Mexico (revival) 2017 Mexico City, Mexico (revival)This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding ...

American Expeditionary Force, Siberia

Formation of the United States Army in Siberia during the Russian Civil War American soldiers in Vladivostok parading before the building occupied by the staff of the Czechoslovaks. American soldiers from the 31st Infantry marching near Vladivostok Russia April 27, 1919 The American Expeditionary Force, Siberia (AEF in Siberia) was a formation of the United States Army involved in the Russian Civil War in Vladivostok, Russia, after the October Revolution, from 1918 to 1920. The force was part...

Basketball at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's 3x3 qualification

This section tabulates the heads of qualification in a form suitable to be filled in as events progress. The full qualification rules[1] for basketball published by FIBA contain intricate conditions too lengthy for inclusion in Wikipedia. Basketball at the2024 Summer OlympicsBasketballQualificationmenwomenTournamentmenwomenRostersmenwomen3x3 basketballQualificationmenwomenTournamentmenwomenvte The women's 3x3 qualification for the Olympic basketball tournament occured between Novembe...

South Dakota National Guard

State Militia of South Dakota South Dakota Army National Guard logo Flags of the United Kingdom, United States, and Canada waving near the entrance to the South Dakota Army National Guard's Golden Coyote training site in Custer State Park in East Custer. The South Dakota National Guard is part of the South Dakota Department of Military & Veterans Affairs. It was created in 1862 as the State Militia. Its headquarters is located in Rapid City, South Dakota. It consists of the South Dakota A...

Marc Gasol

Spanish basketball player (born 1985) In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Gasol and the second or maternal family name is Sáez. Marc GasolGasol in 2019Bàsquet GironaPositionPresidentLeagueLiga ACBPersonal informationBorn (1985-01-29) 29 January 1985 (age 39)Barcelona, SpainListed height6 ft 11 in (2.11 m)Listed weight255 lb (116 kg)Career informationHigh schoolLausanne Collegiate(Memphis, Tennessee)NBA draft2007: 2nd round, 48th overa...

طلال بن عبد الله بن علي الرشيد

طلال بن عبد الله بن علي الرشيد معلومات شخصية تاريخ الميلاد سنة 1823 تاريخ الوفاة سنة 1867 (43–44 سنة) سبب الوفاة إصابة بعيار ناري مواطنة إمارة آل رشيد الزوجة الجوهرة بنت فيصل بن تركي الأولاد بندر بن طلال بن عبد الله الرشيد الأب عبد الله بن علي الرشيد الأم من�...

The Gift (album Susan Boyle)

The GiftAlbum studio karya Susan BoyleDirilis8 November 2010DirekamJuli–September 2010 London InggrisGenrePop, akustik, holiday[1]LabelSyco/ColumbiaProduserSteve MacKronologi Susan Boyle I Dreamed a Dream(2009)I Dreamed a Dream2009 The Gift(2010) The Gift adalah album kedua penyanyi asal Skotlandia, Susan Boyle. Album ini dirilis pada tanggal 8 November 2010.[2] Boyle has hinted that it will have a 1960s feel because that was my era.[3][4] Daftar lagu No....

Santiago Scotto

Questa voce sull'argomento calciatori uruguaiani è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Santiago ScottoNazionalità Uruguay Calcio RuoloCentrocampista Squadra Fénix CarrieraGiovanili River Plate (M) Squadre di club1 2018-2021 Montevideo City Torque88 (3)2021-2022 LDU Quito14 (1)2022-2023→ Defensor Sporting16 (0)2023- Fénix3 (0) 1 I due numeri indicano l...

Вікісловник

Ця стаття не містить посилань на джерела. Ви можете допомогти поліпшити цю статтю, додавши посилання на надійні (авторитетні) джерела. Матеріал без джерел може бути піддано сумніву та вилучено. (лютий 2020) ВікісловникЛоготипГоловна сторінка багатомовного порталу Вікіс...

Латур д’Овернь, Фредерик-Морис де

Фредерик-Морис де Латур д’Оверньфр. Frédéric Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne-Bouillon Рождение 22 октября 1605(1605-10-22)[1][2][…]Седан Смерть 9 августа 1652(1652-08-09)[1][2][…] (46 лет)Понтуаз Место погребения Эврё Род Латур д’Овернь Отец Анри де Ла Тур д’Овернь Буйон Мать Елизавета Оранская ...

海峡群岛 (加利福尼亚州)

衛星照片海峽群島（英語：Channel Islands）是美國加州南部外海的八座島嶼。這八座島嶼隔著聖巴巴拉海峽與美國本土相望。其中五座島嶼屬於海峽群島國家公園所管轄。這八座島嶼可分為北海峽郡島：聖米格爾島、聖羅莎島、聖克魯茲島、安那卡帕島，和南海峽郡島：聖巴巴拉島、聖尼古拉斯島、圣卡塔利娜岛以及圣克莱门特島。這八島分別屬於三個縣：聖巴巴拉縣管轄�...

Paolo Hurtado

Paolo Hurtado 2011Informasi pribadiNama lengkap Paolo HurtadoTanggal lahir 27 Juli 1990 (umur 34)Tempat lahir Callao, PeruTinggi 174 cm (5 ft 9 in)Posisi bermain GelandangInformasi klubKlub saat ini Vitória GuimarãesNomor 16Karier senior*Tahun Tim Tampil (Gol)2017 – Vitória Guimarães 25 (11)Tim nasional2011 – Peru 34 (3) * Penampilan dan gol di klub senior hanya dihitung dari liga domestik Paolo Hurtado (lahir 27 Juli 1990) adalah seorang pemain sepak bola berkewa...