Era geológica

A escala de tempo geológico.

Uma era, em geologia, é uma subdivisão do tempo geológico que divide um eon em unidades menores de tempo.[1] O Eon Fanerozoico é dividido em três desses intervalos de tempo: o Paleozoico, o Mesozoico e o Cenozoico (que significa "vida antiga", "vida média" e "vida recente") que representam os principais estágios no registro fóssil macroscópico. Essas eras são separadas por fronteiras de extinção catastróficas: a fronteira PT entre o Paleozoico e o Mesozoico, e a fronteira K-Pg entre o Mesozoico e o Cenozoico.[2] Há evidências de que impactos catastróficos de meteoritos desempenharam um papel na demarcação das diferenças entre as eras.

As eras Hadeana, Arqueana e Proterozoica eram, como um todo, anteriormente chamadas de Pré-cambriano. Isso cobriu os quatro bilhões de anos da história da Terra antes do aparecimento dos animais de carapaça dura. Mais recentemente, no entanto, os éons do Arqueano e do Proterozoico foram subdivididos em eras próprias.

As eras geológicas são subdivididas em períodos geológicos, embora as eras arqueanas ainda não tenham sido subdivididas dessa forma.[3]

Lista de eras geológicas na história da Terra

Eon Era Duração
Fanerozoico Cenozoico Entre 66 milhões de anos e o presente
Mesozoico Entre 251,902 e 66 milhões de anos
Paleozoico Entre 541 e 251,902 milhões de anos
Proterozoico Neoproterozoico Entre 1000 e 541 milhões de anos
Mesoproterozoico Entre 1600 e 1000 milhões de anos
Paleoproterozoico Entre 2500 e 1600 milhões de anos
Arqueano Neoarquiano Entre 2800 e 2500 milhões de anos
Mesoarqueano Entre 3200 e 2800 milhões de anos
Paleoarqueano Entre 3600 e 3200 milhões de anos
Eoarqueano Entre 4000 e 3600 milhões de anos
Hadeano não oficialmente dividido em eras Desde a formação da Terra a 4570 e 4000 milhões de anos

Referências

  1. ↑ «Chapter 9. Chronostratigraphic units». Stratigraphic guide. International Commission on Stratigraphy. Consultado em 2 de agosto de 2018 
  2. ↑ Erwin D.H. (1994). «The Permo–Triassic Extinction» (PDF). Nature. 367 (6460): 231–236. doi:10.1038/367231a0 
  3. ↑ International Commission on Stratigraphy. «International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2018/07» (PDF). Consultado em 2 de agosto de 2018 
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