Seaborgium

Seaborgium
Basisdata
NavnSeaborgium
SymbolSg
Atomnummer106
Utseendeukjent
Plass i periodesystemet
GruppeVI(6)
Periode7
Blokkd
Kjemisk serietransisjonsmetall
Atomegenskaper
Atomvekt263,1182 u
Kalkulert atomradius132  pm
Kovalent atomradius63 (beregnet)
Elektronkonfigurasjon[Rn] 5f14 6d4 7s2
Elektroner per energinivå2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 12, 2
Oksidasjonstilstander6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, −1
Krystallstrukturkubisk
Fysiske egenskaper
Stofftilstandfast stoff (antatt)
Diverse

SI-enheter & STP er brukt, hvis ikke annet er nevnt. MV = Manglende verdi.

Seaborgium er et kunstig fremstilt radioaktivt grunnstoff med kjemisk symbol Sg og atomnummer 106.

Historie

Seaborgium ble offisielt oppdaget i juni 1974 av en amerikansk forskergruppe ledet av Albert Ghiorso i Lawrence Radiation Laboratory ved Berkeley-universitetet i California, USA. De rapporterte fremstillingen av isotopen 263Sg (med en halveringstid på ett sekund) ved å bombardere 249Cf (californium) med 18O (oksygen):

En annen forskergruppe ledet av Ken Gregorich bekreftet fremstillingsmetoden i 1994.

Forskerne bak oppdagelsen foreslo å oppkalle det nye grunnstoffet etter Glenn T. Seaborg, en av oppdagerne til flere av grunnstoffene i aktinoide-serien. Forslaget møtte motstand, og i den påfølgende debatten ga IUPAC stoffet det midlertidige navnet unnilhexium (kvasi-latinisering av tallene en-null-seks) med kjemisk symbol Unh. Uenigheten om navnevalg fortsatte for flere av de nyoppdagede grunnstoffene og ble ikke løst før i 1997 da et kompromiss ble inngått, og navnet seaborgium offisielt ble godkjent.

Seaborgium har også vært kalt eka-wolfram.

Seaborgiumatomets elektronskall

Egenskaper

Seaborgium er et kunstig fremstilt transisjonsmetall. Svært lite er fremstilt, noe som gjør at de kjemiske og fysiske egenskapene for en stor del er ukjente. Basert på dets plass i periodesystemet antas det at det er et fast stoff med egenskaper som minner om wolframs.

Isotoper

Seaborgium har ingen stabile isotoper. Pr. 2018 er 11 isotoper kjent, og de mest stabile er 271Sg med halveringstid 2,4 minutter, 266Sg med halveringstid 21 sekunder, og 265Sg med halveringstid 16,2 sekunder. De fleste av isotopene kan nedbrytes ved spontan kjernespalting (fisjon).[1]

CAS-nummer 54038-81-2.

Forekomst

Seaborgium forekommer ikke naturlig, men blir fremstilt i laboratorier.

Anvendelse

Det finnes pr. dags dato ingen bruksområder for seaborgium, bortsett fra forskningsformål.

Referanser

Kilder

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