Lista ta' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fil-Kambodja

Preah Vihear.

Is-Siti ta' Wirt Dinji tal-Organizzazzjoni tan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti għall-Edukazzjoni, ix-Xjenza u l-Kultura (UNESCO) huma postijiet b'importanza kulturali jew naturali, kif deskritt fil-Konvenzjoni tal-Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO, li ġiet stabbilita fl-1972.[1] Il-wirt kulturali jikkonsisti minn monumenti (bħal xogħlijiet arkitettoniċi, skulturi monumentali, jew inċiżjonijiet), gruppi ta' binjiet, u siti (fosthom siti arkeoloġiċi). Il-wirt naturali jinkludi karatteristiċi naturali (li jikkonsistu minn formazzjonijiet fiżiċi u bijoloġiċi), ġeoloġiċi u fiżjografiċi (inkluż il-ħabitats ta' speċijiet mhedda ta' annimali u pjanti), u siti naturali li huma importanti mill-puntdivista tax-xjenza, tal-konservazzjoni jew tas-sbuħija naturali.[2] Il-Kambodja rratifikat il-Konvenzjoni fit-28 ta' Novembru 1991, u b'hekk is-siti indikattivi tagħha setgħu jitqiesu biex jiżdiedu mal-lista tas-Siti ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO.[3]

B'kollox il-Kambodja għandha erba' Siti ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO u kollha huma siti kulturali. L-ewwel Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO mill-Kambodja, Angkor Wat, żdied fl-1992 meta l-pajjiż kien iggvernat għal żmien qasir mill-missjoni tan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti wara l-Gwerra bejn il-Kambodja u l-Vjetnam, f'konformità mal-Ftehimiet ta' Paċi ta' Pariġi tal-1991. L-iżjed sit li żdied reċentement mill-Kambodja huwa Koh Ker: Sit Arkeoloġiku ta' Lingapura jew Chok Gargyar tal-Qedem. Fl-2004, Angkor Wat tneħħa mil-lista tas-siti fil-periklu.

Siti ta' Wirt Dinji

L-UNESCO tiddeżinja s-siti abbażi ta' għaxar kriterji tal-għażla; kull sit irid jissodisfa mill-inqas wieħed mill-għaxar kriterji. Il-kriterji (i) sa (vi) huma kulturali, filwaqt li l-kriterji (vii) sa (x) huma naturali.[4]

NB: * Siti transnazzjonali (bl-ikħal)

Sit Ritratt Post Kriterji tal-Għażla Erja

f'ettari (akri)

Sena tad-deżinjazzjoni Deskrizzjoni
Angkor Wat Ruins of a large structure with five large towers at the top. Siem Reap kulturali: (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) — 1992 Iż-żona ta' Angkor Wat, waħda mill-ikbar żoni arkeoloġiċi fid-dinja, kienet is-sit ta' diversi bliet kapitali tal-Imperu Khmer mis-seklu 9 sas-seklu 16. It-tempji ta' Angkor Wat (fl-istampa), Angkor Thom, Bayon, u Banteay Srei u t-tempji ta' Roluos fil-qrib joħorġu fid-dieher il-perjodi differenti tal-arkitettura Khmer u huma mżejna b'mod rikk bi skulturi u b'tinqix fil-ġebel. L-arti Khmer kellha influwenza importanti fuq ir-reġjun usa'. Malli tniżżel bħala Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO, is-sit tniżżel ukoll fil-lista tas-siti fil-periklu sabiex tiġi żgurata l-konservazzjoni; u tneħħiet minn din il-lista tal-aħħar fl-2004.[5]
Tempju ta' Preah Vihear Ruins of a stone building erected on a stone platform. The roof above the main entrance is decorated. Preah Vihear kulturali: (i) — 2008 It-tempju, li jmur lura għall-ewwel nofs tas-seklu 11, huwa kapulavur tal-arkitettura Khmer. Il-kumpless tat-tempju, li jinkludi diversi santwarji u taraġ tul assi ta' 800 metru (2,600 pied), huwa ddedikat lil Xiva u huwa mżejjen b'mod rikk bit-tinqix fil-ġebel. Jinsab fit-tarf ta' promontorju muntanjuż li jħares fuq il-pjanuri ta' taħtu. L-iktar minħabba l-pożizzjoni remota fejn jinsab, it-tempju ġie ppreservat sew.[6]
Żona tat-Tempju ta' Sambor Prei Kuk u s-Sit Arkeoloġiku ta' Ishanapura tal-Qedem A temple in Sambor Prei Kuk. Kompung Thom kulturali: (ii), (iii), (vi) — 2017 Ishanapura kienet il-belt kapitali tal-Imperu Chenla fl-aħħar tas-seklu 6 u fil-bidu tas-seklu 7 W.K. Iż-żona arkeoloġika tinkludi 186 tempju tal-ġebel ramli bi stil arkitettoniku uniku (l-istil ta' Sambor Prei Kuk) li minnu gradwalment żviluppa l-istil ta' Angkor. L-istil tat-tempji oriġina mit-tradizzjoni Induista b'influwenzi mill-Buddiżmu u mill-animiżmu. Kitbiet imnaqqxin fit-tempju bis-Sanskritu u bil-Khmer Antik isemmu lill-Alla-Re, kunċett li kien fundamentali għas-sistema ta' governanza li kienet teżisti fil-Kambodja u fit-Tajlandja sas-seklu 20.[7]
Koh Ker: Sit Arkeoloġiku ta' Lingapura jew Chok Gargyar tal-Qedem
Prasat Prang, the stepped pyramid of Koh Ker
 Preah Vihear kulturali: (ii), (iv) — 2023 Koh Ker kienet il-belt kapitali tal-Imperu Khmer taħt ir-Re Jayavarman IV fl-ewwel nofs tas-seklu 10. Is-sit issa jinsab f'qagħda ta' fdalijiet b'aċċess diffiċli. Il-fdalijiet tal-belt jinkludu tempji, santwarji u monumenti Induisti, kif ukoll sistemi tal-immaniġġjar tal-ilma.[8]

Referenzi

  1. ^ "UNESCO World Heritage Centre - The World Heritage Convention". web.archive.org. 2016-08-27. Arkivjat mill-oriġinal fl-2016-08-27. Miġbur 2022-03-17.Manutenzjoni CS1: BOT: url-oriġinali status mhux magħruf (link)
  2. ^ "UNESCO World Heritage Centre - Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage". web.archive.org. 2021-02-01. Arkivjat mill-oriġinal fl-2021-02-01. Miġbur 2022-03-17.Manutenzjoni CS1: BOT: url-oriġinali status mhux magħruf (link)
  3. ^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Cambodia - UNESCO World Heritage Convention". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (bl-Ingliż). Miġbur 2023-09-13.
  4. ^ "UNESCO World Heritage Centre - The Criteria for Selection". web.archive.org. 2016-06-12. Arkivjat mill-oriġinal fl-2016-06-12. Miġbur 2023-08-14.Manutenzjoni CS1: BOT: url-oriġinali status mhux magħruf (link)
  5. ^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Angkor". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (bl-Ingliż). Miġbur 2023-09-13.
  6. ^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Temple of Preah Vihear". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (bl-Ingliż). Miġbur 2023-09-13.
  7. ^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Temple Zone of Sambor Prei Kuk, Archaeological Site of Ancient Ishanapura". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (bl-Ingliż). Miġbur 2023-09-13.
  8. ^ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Koh Ker: Archaeological Site of Ancient Lingapura or Chok Gargyar". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (bl-Ingliż). Miġbur 2023-09-23.
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