효열무황후

효열무황후
孝烈武皇后
청나라의 황후
재위 (추존)
대복진(大福晉) / 대비(大妃)
재위 1616년 ~ 1626년
이름
휘 아바하이(만주어: ᠠᠪᠠᡥᠠᡳ, 阿巴亥)
시호 효열공민헌철인화찬천여성무황후
(孝烈恭敏獻哲仁和贊天儷聖武皇后)
신상정보
출생일 명 만력(萬曆) 18년(1590년)[1]
사망일 천명(天命) 11년 8월 12일
(1626년 10월 1일) (36 - 37세)
가문 우라나라(만주어: ᡠᠯᠠ
ᠨᠠᡵᠠ, 烏拉那拉)
부친 만타이(만주어: ᠮᠠᠨ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠠᡳ Mantai)
모친 도도호(都都護)
배우자 천총가한(天聰汗) 누르하치(만주어: ᠨᡠᡵᡤᠠᠴᡳ)
자녀 영친왕(英親王) 아지거(만주어: ᠠᠵᡳᡤᡝ)
예친왕(睿親王) 도르곤(만주어: ᡩᠣᡵᡤᠣᠨ)
예친왕(豫親王) 도도(만주어: ᡩᠣᡩᠣ)
능묘 복릉(福陵)

효열무황후(孝烈武皇后, 1590년 ~ 1626년 10월 1일(음력 8월 12일))는 청나라의 추존 황후이자, 태조 아이신기오로 누르하치(愛新覺羅努爾哈赤)의 복진(福晉)으로 이름은 울라나라 아바하이(만주어: ᡠᠯᠠ
ᠨᠠᡵᠠ
ᠠᠪᠠᡥᠠᡳ Ula Nara Abahai, 한국 한자: 烏拉那拉 阿巴亥 오랍나랍 아파해)이다. 부친은 울라(烏拉, Ula)의 버일러 만타이(만주어: ᠮᠠᠨ᠋ᡨ᠋ᠠᡳ Mantai, 滿泰)이다.

생애

후금(後金) 태조(太祖) 누르하치(努爾哈赤, 1559~1626)의 복진(측복진 1588년, 대복진 1597년)이었던 여허나라씨(1575~1603)의 아들인 태종(太宗) 홍타이지(皇太極, 1592~1643, 제2대 후금 칸 1626년, 제1대 대청황제 1636년)는 생모의 이른 죽음이 적모(嫡母) 효열무황후(측복진 1601년, 대복진 1616/1620?년)가 아버지 누르하치의 사랑을 독차지했기 때문이라 여겨 원한을 품었다.[2]
후금 제1대 칸 누르하치가 1626년 사망하자 여러 부족의 버일러들과 연합한 홍타이지는 대비인 아바하이를 자진토록 압박해 목을 메어 죽인 후 순장시키고 제2대 칸에 올랐다.[2][3]
이후 청을 건국한 그는 아버지 누르하치를 청 제국의 제1대 황제로 추숭하면서 생모 여허나라씨를 황후로 추존하고 누르가치의 그 외 여인들을 후비(后妃)로 봉작하지 않았다.
순치 7년(1650년)에 이르러 세조 순치제(1638~1643~1661)의 섭정이자 사실상의 통치자인 도르곤(아바하이의 차남 누르가치의 14남, 多爾袞 1612~1650)의 요청에 아바하이도 비로소 황후로 추숭될 수 있었다.[4] 시호는 효열공민헌철인화찬천여성무황후(孝烈恭敏獻哲仁和贊天儷聖武皇后)이다.

자녀

같이 보기

출처

  1. ↑ 《청사고》(淸史稿) 권214 〈열전〉(列傳) 제1 후비(后妃) - 태조대비(太祖大妃)
  2. ↑ 가 나 샹관핑, 《중국사 열전- 황제》, 달과소, 2006
  3. ↑ 《청사고(淸史稿)》214권
  4. ↑ 《淸史稿》列傳 一 后妃：順治初, 多爾袞攝政, 七年, 上諡孝烈恭敏獻哲仁和讚天儷聖武皇后, 祔太廟.
전임
효자고황후 		청나라의 대복진
1603년 ~ 1626년 		후임
효단문황후

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